(1) S-methyl-l-cysteine, 2-hydroxy-4-methiol butyric acid, S-adenosyl-l-methionine, and methionine peptides were the only compounds supporting growth, when substituted for methionine.
(2) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(3) 1H-NMR spectra of urine from a patient with propionic acidemia show peaks of 3-hydroxy-n-valerate, methylcitrate, propionyl glycine, 3-hydroxy-n-butyrate, lactate, 3-hydroxypropionate, tiglylglycine and hippurate.
(4) In the absence of n-butyrate, only a small percentage (approximately 4%) of the total beta A chromatin is in a soluble chromatin fraction following micrococcal nuclease digestion and centrifugation.
(5) Tumor cells were unreactive for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (ANBE) and adenosine triphosphatase (ATP).
(6) Functional characteristics such as nitroblue-tetrazolium reduction, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase activity, and phagocytic capability occurred.
(7) Nanomolar concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 reduce the proliferation of RPMI 8226 cells significantly and simultaneously induce the appearance of both new properties and phenotype expression, such as butyrate esterase, enhanced expression of CD20 (B1), CD15 (Leu-M1) antigens and lambda chains, and decreased expression of the PC1 antigen using microfluorometric analysis.
(8) In the present study, we found that n-butyrate, a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase, increases thyroid hormone receptor levels in three distinct non-pituitary cells without changing binding affinity.
(9) These observations demonstrate that brain cells synthesize a NGF mRNA in primary culture and that the butyrate moiety of db-cAMP enhances NGF gene expression in these cells, probably by a modification of chromatin structure in and around the NGF gene.
(10) In the presence of 1 mM sodium butyrate for 24 h, the cytoplasmic granules contained an abundant dense matrix.
(11) Both surfactants were extensively degraded in vivo to yield a common metabolite, butyric acid 4-[35S]sulphate, the major urinary radioactive component.
(12) Analysis of the end products showed an accumulation of ethyl alcohol in addition to butyrate and acetate, whereas, in the nonsporulating cultures, acetate and butyrate were the principal products.
(13) Benzoyltropine (30 microM) had no effect on the sodium-dependent uptake of norepinephrine, gamma-amino-butyric acid, glutamate or serotonin; tropacocaine (30 microM) inhibited only norepinephrine uptake at this concentration.
(14) In addition 6 further subjects were treated with 0.1% hydrocortisone-17-butyrate cream, a preparation considered to have little systemic action.
(15) The influence of sodium salt of butyric acid (C4H7NaO2) on the functional state of the cardiovascular system was studied on 12 guinea-pigs and 15 rabbits by the thermodilution method.
(16) For lactate+pyruvate as substrate, the stimulatory effect of butyrate was additive to that of 1muM-glucagon and for both lactate+pyruvate and fructose the stimulatory effect of butyrate was not influenced by 20nM-insulin.
(17) Infectious center assays demonstrated that the number of cells capable of producing HSV was increased as a result of butyrate pretreatment.
(18) These observations suggest that sodium butyrate induces a pattern of events leading to the differentiation of the rat insulinoma cells.
(19) We have analyzed the effect of sodium butyrate, under conditions which block the transition from G0 to S phase, on the steady-state levels of several cell growth-dependent mRNAs in ts13 cells, a G1-specific temperature sensitive mutant of the BHK cell line.
(20) This was done by measuring coronary sinus blood flow and arterial-coronary sinus differences of oxygen, glucose, free fatty acids, glycerol, lactate, beta-OH-butyrate, and amino acids in a similar group of 19 patients 4 to 5 hours after coronary operations.
Univalent
Definition:
(a.) Having a valence of one; capable of combining with, or of being substituted for, one atom of hydrogen; monovalent; -- said of certain atoms and radicals.
Example Sentences:
(1) Experiments indicated that complement deposition altered functionally bivalent IgG3 antibody in the immune complex into a univalent one.
(2) Equilibrium measurements of interactions of anti-DNP antibodies, prepared using DNP-PLL and several DNP-proteins for immunization, with DNP(0.6)-PLL(240) and with the univalent hapten, epsilon-DNP-L-lysine, were made utilizing the technique of fluorescence quenching.
(3) Explicit expressions are derived which describe the binding of a univalent ligand to equivalent and independent sites on each state of an acceptor undergoing indefinite self-association that is governed by an isodesmic equilibrium constant KI.
(4) A computer model was constructed which can generate all of the common univalent behaviours.
(5) In these male cells there was no decrease of chiasmata or increase of autosomal univalents with age, and there were some interstrain differences.
(6) Two homogeneous univalent hapten-protein conjugates, prepared by the covalent attachment of a single 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP-) or 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP-) side chain to the cysteine-SH in the active site of the enzyme papain, have been found to exhibit large Cotton effects in the wavelength region of the absorption bands of the DNP or TNP groups.
(7) Equivalent concentrations of binding sites of the bivalent F(ab)2 and univalent Fab fragments of anti-CEA were identical to the immunoglobulin G fraction in the standard inhibition curve.
(8) At a hydrophobic surface, molecules move apart and local water becomes strongly bonded, inert, and viscous and accumulates large cations, univalent anions, and compatible solutes.
(9) Of particular interest in that regard is the observation that the traditional logit-log analyses yield linear plots with the predicted slope of unity even though antigen univalence is an implicit assumption in their application.
(10) (3) The two stable states of the nerve membrane, which are readily demonstrable in TEA-treated or internally perfused squid giant axons, are shown to represent bivalent cation-rich and univalent cation-rich states of the nerve membrane.
(11) Only benzaldehyde dehydrogenase I is activated by K(+) and certain other univalent cations.
(12) Male meiosis in Mesostoma ehrenbergii ehrenbergii (2x = 10) is characterized by extreme restriction of chiasma formation; 3 pairs of chromosomes form bivalents at metaphase I which are associated by single very distally localized chiasma, while two pairs of chromosomes remain as unpaired univalents.
(13) Human red blood cells (RBCs) that are deficient in an integral membrane-associated protein ("stomatin") of apparent molecular mass 31 Kd show a catastrophic increase in passive membrane permeability to the univalent cations Na+ and K+ and are stomatocytic in shape.
(14) We demonstrate that shifts of the conductance-voltage (g-V) characteristic of PG films produced by changes of univalent or divalent cation concentrations result from changes of the membrane surface potential on one or both sides.
(15) The electrical resistances and rates of self-exchange of univalent critical ions across several types of collodion matrix membranes of high ionic selectivity were studied over a wide range of conditions.
(16) The steady-state solutions (Kirchhoff-Hill theorem) yield expressions for the relationship between the small signal conductance of univalent ions and the concentration of these ions in the external bathing medium (a saturation curve) and for the ionic currents and the steady-state current-voltage curve (N-shaped).
(17) The incidence of oocytes with univalents in the slides made by Tarkowski's method was much higher than in those made by ours in both age and strain groups (P less than 0.05-0.001).
(18) Our findings support the assumption that the altered activity of the Na-K-ATPase (modified by the presence of Ca-2+) is responsible for the univalent cation activation of the CaATPase.
(19) Under the conditions used univalent cations (Na(+),K(+) and Li(+)) inhibited the binding.
(20) The k-absorption edge spectrum of LyCuLP was consistent with the coordination of univalent copper.