(n.) A silvered aromatic pill, used to correct the odor of the breath.
Example Sentences:
Catechu
Definition:
(n.) A dry, brown, astringent extract, obtained by decoction and evaporation from the Acacia catechu, and several other plants growing in India. It contains a large portion of tannin or tannic acid, and is used in medicine and in the arts. It is also known by the names terra japonica, cutch, gambier, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) The petroleum ether, alcoholic, and aqueous extracts of 5 indigenous plants, known to have antifertility activity in female rats and mice (Areca catechu Linn, Carica papaya Linn, Daucus carota Linn, Mentha arvensis Linn and polygonum hydropiper Linn), were evaluated for their possible antiovulatory activity in rabbits with copper-induced ovulation.
(2) A link between the generation of areca nut-related N-nitrosamines in the saliva, the induction of genotoxic damage in the oral mucosa, as judged by an increase in micronucleated exfoliated cells (MEC), and a low incidence of oral cancer was studied in 2 population groups characterized by their habit of chewing quids without tobacco: Guamanians, who chew areca nuts (Areca catechu) with or without the addition of betel leaf (Piper betle); Taiwanese, who use areca nut, betel leaf or inference and slaked lime.
(3) A TLC-densitometric method for the determination of arecoline in Semen Arecae (Areca catechu) was established, and arecoline content in three Semen Arecae (Imported, Hainan, Guanzhou) was determined.
(4) Then, they report on the three main basic components: Piper betle L. leaf, Areca catechu nut, and slaked lime.
(5) We have tested catechu extract and catechin for anti-mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 against environmental mutagens relevant to India.
(6) Pre- and post-treatment of catechu extract or catechin had no effect on the mutagenicity of nitrosomethylurea in TA 1535.
(7) Catechu extract and catechin inhibited the nitrosation of methylurea by nitrite at pH 3.6 and 30 degrees C. The formation of nitrosomethylurea in the reaction mixture was monitored by measuring the histidine revertants of strain TA 1535 in the absence of metabolic activation.
(8) The above study indicates that catechu in betel quid may act as an antimutagen and may suppress the mutagenic potential of other betel quid mutagens.
(9) Pan masala (PM), a dried powdered mixture containing ingredients like areca nut, catechu, lime, cardamom and flavouring agents, is consumed abundantly by Indians and is also exported to Western countries.
(10) Treatment of reconstituted collagen fibrils and pieces of rat dermis with the crude extract, purified tannins or (+)-catechin from betel nut (Areca catechu) increases their resistance to both human and bacterial collagenases in a concentration-dependent manner.
(11) Nine chewed the nut only and only 1 preferred paan which included tobacco, lime and catechu, which is contrary to the proposal that tobacco or lime are the carcinogens.
(12) The tanninrich plant extracts from Areca catechu and Rhus copallina produced local tumors in 100 and 33%, respectively, of the experimental animals.
(13) The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from betel quid ingredients, namely areca nut, catechu and tobacco, was studied using a chemiluminescence (CL) technique.
(14) The role of lime in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., O2-., H2O2, and OH., from betel-quid components (extracts of areca nut and catechu) was investigated in vitro using a chemiluminescence technique and an assay for oxidative DNA damage involving analysis of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.
(15) Arecoline, a cholinergic alkaloid, is a major constituent of Areca catechu (betel) nut and causes the euphoric effects.
(16) Catechu extract, as well as catechin, shows a dose-dependent decrease in the mutagenicity of tobacco and masheri extracts, and bidi and cigarette smoke condensates in TA98 with S9 mix.
(17) Betel quid ingredients--betel nut, betel leaf, lime, catechu and tobacco--were tested separately and in various combinations for carcinogenicity, using hamster cheek pouch as the experimental site.
(18) The cytogenetic effects of ROS generated in vivo were measured in Syrian golden hamsters in which the cheek pouch had been painted with lime and an areca-nut extract or catechu, singly or in combination.
(19) New 5'-nucleotidase-inhibitory polyphenols named NPF-86IA, NPF-86IB, NPF-86IIA and NPF-86IIB were isolated from the seeds of Areca catechu L. The ability of the inhibitors to precipitate gelatin was investigated by microturbidimetry.
(20) In the present study, we report that the betel quid ingredient catechu, its extract and pure principle catechin were nonmutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100, TA 1535, TA 98, and TA 1538 assays with or without metabolic activation.