What's the difference between cadence and cadenza?

Cadence


Definition:

  • (n.) The act or state of declining or sinking.
  • (n.) A fall of the voice in reading or speaking, especially at the end of a sentence.
  • (n.) A rhythmical modulation of the voice or of any sound; as, music of bells in cadence sweet.
  • (n.) Rhythmical flow of language, in prose or verse.
  • (n.) See Cadency.
  • (n.) Harmony and proportion in motions, as of a well-managed horse.
  • (n.) A uniform time and place in marching.
  • (n.) The close or fall of a strain; the point of rest, commonly reached by the immediate succession of the tonic to the dominant chord.
  • (n.) A cadenza, or closing embellishment; a pause before the end of a strain, which the performer may fill with a flight of fancy.
  • (v. t.) To regulate by musical measure.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Degraded visual acuity had a significant effect on cadence, foot placement, and foot clearance, but visual surround conditions did not.
  • (2) step lengths, stride times, double-support times, cadence and walking speed.
  • (3) The ensemble electromyogram (EMG) patterns associated with different walking cadences were examined in 11 normal subjects.
  • (4) The breakthrough came when the brothers moved to Nashville in the mid-1950s and signed a recording contract with New York-based Cadence Records.
  • (5) One-way repeated-measures analyses of variance on the mean EMG amplitude in stance and in swing revealed significant changes with cadence (P less than 0.05) in all muscles examined.
  • (6) Competitive cyclists generally climb hills at a low cadence despite the recognized advantage in level cycling of high cadences.
  • (7) Cadence decreased in 7 cases, while gait speed increased in all cases.
  • (8) Temporal and distance gait factors (velocity, cadence and stride length) were significantly reduced in patients with diseased knees.
  • (9) Traumatic AK amputees ambulate with time-distance parameters of velocity, cadence, stride length and gait cycle which are all two standard deviations below normal.
  • (10) The purpose of this experiment was to quantify and analyse multijoint coordination of patients with Parkinson's disease (N = 5) and control subjects (N = 5) during forward and backward stepping motions executed at different cadences.
  • (11) The task was terminated when the subject fell four contractions behind the required cadence or failed to complete two successive contractions.
  • (12) But for the most part, when I watch these marches on snowy Polish streets, with the familiar cadences of their chants, and when I hear old Lech Wałęsa say that “patriots must unite” to get rid of PiS by unspecified “clever, attractive and peaceful” means, I laugh with one eye and weep with the other.
  • (13) The average child with spastic cerebral palsy was found to have a shorter stance phase than the normal, but the cadence, while more variable, was nearly the same as normal.
  • (14) Phases, vertical forces and differentials of the characteristic points in variable step lengths and cadences were studied in normal gaits and pathological gaits of patients with hip, knee or ankle disorders.
  • (15) No significant differences were found in velocity, cadence, gait-cycle duration, single-limb support, or swing-stance ratios in free and fast walking.
  • (16) Conventional designs of an above-knee prosthesis are based on mechanisms with mechanical properties (such as friction, spring and damping coefficients) that remain constant during changing cadence.
  • (17) The first aim was to investigate how cyclists orient forces applied by the feet to the pedals in response to varying power output and cadence demands, and the second was to assess whether competitive riders responded differently from recreational riders to such variations.
  • (18) Coupling between cardiac and locomotor rhythms has been identified while people walk, run, hop and cycle at cadences natural to them.
  • (19) A new technique for simultaneously recording continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) data and walking step rate (cadence) is described.
  • (20) Indeed, the outrage and umbrage – most of all, it seems, about Obama "cadence" – deflates as it is uttered.

Cadenza


Definition:

  • (n.) A parenthetic flourish or flight of ornament in the course of a piece, commonly just before the final cadence.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Two multivariate methods, a logistic regression-derived algorithm and a Bayesian independence-assuming method (CADENZA), were compared concerning their abilities to estimate posttest probability of coronary disease in patients with suspected coronary disease.
  • (2) Comparison of sensitivity and specificity at every fifth percentile of posttest probability revealed that CADENZA was significantly more sensitive and less specific than methods A and B.
  • (3) Clinical utility, assessed as the percentage of patients correctly classified, was modestly superior for the new discriminant function as compared with CADENZA in the Hungarian group and similar in the American and Swiss groups.
  • (4) Mean post-test probabilities were as follows: TABULAR 34, CADENZA 48, DUAL BAYES 37 (actual incidence 38%).
  • (5) However, the mean posttest probabilities for CADENZA were significantly greater than those for method A or B (p less than 0.0001).
  • (6) Therefore, at lower probability thresholds, CADENZA was a better screening method.
  • (7) The probabilities that resulted from the application of the Cleveland algorithm were compared with those derived by applying a Bayesian algorithm derived from published medical studies called CADENZA to the same 3 patient test groups.
  • (8) However, methods A or B still had merit as a means to confirm higher probabilities generated by CADENZA (especially greater than or equal to 60%).
  • (9) All patients had post-test probabilities determined using CADENZA (better sensitivity).
  • (10) Comparison of sensitivity and specificity at every fifth percentile of post-test probability revealed that the sensitivity of DUAL BAYES was better than that of TABULAR and equal to that of CADENZA at thresholds less than or equal to 10 and that the specificity was better than that of CADENZA and equal to that of TABULAR at thresholds greater than or equal to 60.
  • (11) However, at posttest probabilities greater than or equal to 60%, there was overestimation of CAD by all methods, especially CADENZA.
  • (12) To assess the accuracy of the Bayesian computer program CADENZA for the prediction of coronary artery disease, the authors examined the probabilities generated by the application of this program to the clinical and noninvasive test results of 303 patients in a private referral center and 199 patients in a veterans' hospital.
  • (13) In the Swiss group, the discriminant function underestimated (by 7%) and CADENZA slightly overestimated (by 2%) disease probability.
  • (14) Those CADENZA-derived probabilities greater than or equal to 50% were substituted with post-test probabilities determined by Diamond and Forrester's original TABULAR method (better specificity).
  • (15) Another group of 950 patients was used to validate the algorithm and compare it to CADENZA.
  • (16) Overprediction was more pronounced with the use of CADENZA (average overestimation 16 vs 10% and 11 vs 5%, p less than 0.001).
  • (17) This suggests that the discriminant function is significantly superior to the Bayesian algorithm CADENZA for predicting coronary artery disease probabilities in subjects who have relatively high pretest disease probabilities.
  • (18) When given equivalent variable information, the logistic regression algorithm had better discrimination than CADENZA for estimating the probability of coronary disease following exercise electrocardiography.

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