(1) Blood was collected from pups and dams to determine its caffeine concentration.
(2) When caffeine evokes a contraction, and only then, crayfish muscle fibers become refractory to a second challenge with caffeine for up to 20 min in the standard saline (5 mM K(o)).
(3) As expected, chronic administration led to complete tolerance to caffeine's locomotor stimulant effect, while subchronic administration produced sensitization.
(4) Caffeine and 6-methylaminopurine riboside (6-N-methyladenosine differentially inhibit uptake of radioactivity from adenosine and inosine, and thus the vesicles apparently possess seperate transport systems for uptake of radioactivity from purine nucleosides and from uridine.
(5) The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) binding inhibitor, heparin, has no effect on ryanodine binding, and ryanodine and caffeine do not influence the binding of [3H]IP3, which is enriched in the cerebellar fractions.
(6) Post-labeling addition of 1 mM caffeine increased perpetuated blocks to a frequency of about 10% of the initial number of dimers in 4 h in XP16KO-II cells, but not in XP16KO-I and normal cells.
(7) Thus, in human lymphocytes the frequencies of chromatid aberrations induced by most clastogenic agents were strongly enhanced when caffeine was given during the G2 phase, but little affected by post-treatments with caffeine during the S phase.
(8) The Na(+)-induced Ca++ release from the sarcolemmal vesicles was stimulated with caffeine in a concentration-dependent manner; about 80% increase in the activity was observed at 0.1 mM caffeine.
(9) All other dietary constituents, such as protein, fiber, fluid, minerals (including Ca, Mg, Na, K, and P), and caffeine intake, were kept constant.
(10) All calcium, magnesium, and zinc contents per bone decreased in the 1- and 2-mg caffeine groups as compared to either controls or 0.5-mg caffeine group, whereas phosphorus stayed relatively constant regardless of the different levels of caffeine intake.
(11) In the presence of agents that inhibit sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function (10 mM caffeine, 100-500 nM ryanodine), reduction of the [Na] gradient produced increases in contractile force similar to that observed in the absence of caffeine or ryanodine.
(12) On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that screening for malignant hyperpyrexia by in vitro pharmacological testing of skeletal muscle should be carried out at 37 degrees C, and should include exposure of the sample to halothane, caffeine, suxamethonium and potassium rather than to halothane alone.
(13) The mechanism responsible for the potentiated anti-inflammatory and mild analgesic activity of aspirin remains unknown since caffeine did not alter the plasma salicylate levels or prostaglandin synthetase inhibition produced by aspirin.
(14) Their pups continued to consume the caffeine diet until 50 days.
(15) The pups were divided into caffeine and noncaffeine groups.
(16) In this study, eight patients participated in a standardized protocol to assess the effects of caffeine on seizures in ECT.
(17) These patients may have an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebral excitation associated with higher concentrations of caffeine, which could complicate withdrawal from alcohol.
(18) were elevated significantly (P less than 0.05 at 0.3, 0.6 and 1 h after injection) when caffeine 5 or 10 mg kg-1 i.v.
(19) This study supports the findings of others in that caffeine restriction is an effective means of management of breast pain associated with fibrocystic disease.
(20) Aminophylline and caffeine can mimic this effect; however, papaverine and 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine, at concentrations inhibitory to phosphodiesterase, are without effect on glucocorticoid receptor binding to DNA.
Cocoa
Definition:
() Alt. of Cocoa palm
(n.) A preparation made from the seeds of the chocolate tree, and used in making, a beverage; also the beverage made from cocoa or cocoa shells.
Example Sentences:
(1) Sift the cocoa powder over the top and lightly but thoroughly fold it in with the metal spoon.
(2) Plasma cholesterol concentrations in F1b-generation rats were elevated, but cocoa powder did not affect this parameter consistently across multiple generations.
(3) The Norwegian researchers looked at all the sources of caffeine ingested by the pregnant women, including coffee, tea and fizzy drinks, along with cakes and desserts containing cocoa (which has lots of caffeine).
(4) The absorption times of the two drugs from suppositories with cocoa butter and Witepsol H 15 were relatively short.
(5) Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing 20% by weight corn, soybean or low erucic acid rapeseed oils or mixtures of the latter two with cocoa butter or triolein for 1, 2, 3 or 4 weeks.
(6) Photograph: Mark Anderson “Farmers call me and they tell me that smuggling is happening,” says Emmanuel Arthur, managing director of Kuapa Kokoo , a cocoa farmers’ union.
(7) As the war on sugar debate rages in the UK, Hotel Chocolat has more to offer customers whose tastes are changing, he says, with its “less sugar, more cocoa” approach setting it apart from the cheaper alternatives which tend to use sugar, and not the more costly cocoa, as the filler ingredient.
(8) Rural farmers like Kallon – whose rice, cocoa and cassava fields account for nearly half Sierra Leone's gross domestic production – are among the hardest-hit in the economic fallout of the world's biggest Ebola epidemic.
(9) Makes around 20 75g butter, melted 75g granulated sugar 1 tbsp vanilla sugar 160g oats 2 tbsp cocoa powder 3 tbsp strong coffee, cooled to room temp Desiccated coconut, to finish 1 Whisk the butter and sugar until light and fluffy, then stir in the vanilla sugar, oats, cocoa and coffee.
(10) No differences were observed in cocoa powder for drinks and plain chocolate flakes treated with 0.5 dm2 polystyrene of 1 mm thickness.
(11) The total mean excretion (milligrams per day) of fecal steroids was 709 for cocoa butter (period I), 915 for corn oil, and 629 for the second cocoa butter period.
(12) wheat, cocoa beans, corn, or nuts, with portions of water and ice so the final temperature of the food-water slurry is less than 1 degree C. A 20 g aliquot (4 g food) is then added to a cold headspace vial containing 4 g sodium sulfate.
(13) Hussain’s concerns and desires are of course quintessentially British – as Swiss Miss hot cocoa may be American and good galettes Belgian.
(14) There was a fungal infection that farmers worried could ruin the crop and drive the price of cocoa sky-high, and now west Africa, a major cocoa producer, might not be able to grow it any more within the relatively near future.
(15) Chocolate and other foods 3D-printed food is regularly in the news, with one of the hits of this year's CES show being the ChefJet 3D printer , which uses sugar and cocoa butter rather than plastics to create various sweet treats.
(16) It does feel like British chocolate is making a renaissance after being in the doldrums for a few decades.” As well as its network of shops, Hotel Chocolat owns a cocoa plantation on St Lucia, which is home to a luxury hotel where a two-week stay costs up to £10,000.
(17) The extent to which tea, cocoa and carob (foods rich in polyphenols) influence fecal nitrogen (N) excretion was investigated in rats.
(18) High responses to insulin in the epididymal fat cells were obtained with sunflowerseed oil, linseed oil and olive oil, whereas low responses were found for cocoa butter, palm oil or coconut oil.
(19) Supplementing NB with tryptone or casein reduced the toxicity of cocoa.
(20) I should cocoa: Hotel Chocolat boss aims for more bounce than an Easter bunny Read more Of the £55.5m raised from the share placing, £12m will be used to speed up expansion plans, which include opening new shops and improving its website.