(n.) A white, bitter, crystallizable substance, obtained from coffee. It is identical with the alkaloid theine from tea leaves, and with guaranine from guarana.
Example Sentences:
(1) Blood was collected from pups and dams to determine its caffeine concentration.
(2) When caffeine evokes a contraction, and only then, crayfish muscle fibers become refractory to a second challenge with caffeine for up to 20 min in the standard saline (5 mM K(o)).
(3) As expected, chronic administration led to complete tolerance to caffeine's locomotor stimulant effect, while subchronic administration produced sensitization.
(4) Caffeine and 6-methylaminopurine riboside (6-N-methyladenosine differentially inhibit uptake of radioactivity from adenosine and inosine, and thus the vesicles apparently possess seperate transport systems for uptake of radioactivity from purine nucleosides and from uridine.
(5) The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) binding inhibitor, heparin, has no effect on ryanodine binding, and ryanodine and caffeine do not influence the binding of [3H]IP3, which is enriched in the cerebellar fractions.
(6) Post-labeling addition of 1 mM caffeine increased perpetuated blocks to a frequency of about 10% of the initial number of dimers in 4 h in XP16KO-II cells, but not in XP16KO-I and normal cells.
(7) Thus, in human lymphocytes the frequencies of chromatid aberrations induced by most clastogenic agents were strongly enhanced when caffeine was given during the G2 phase, but little affected by post-treatments with caffeine during the S phase.
(8) The Na(+)-induced Ca++ release from the sarcolemmal vesicles was stimulated with caffeine in a concentration-dependent manner; about 80% increase in the activity was observed at 0.1 mM caffeine.
(9) All other dietary constituents, such as protein, fiber, fluid, minerals (including Ca, Mg, Na, K, and P), and caffeine intake, were kept constant.
(10) All calcium, magnesium, and zinc contents per bone decreased in the 1- and 2-mg caffeine groups as compared to either controls or 0.5-mg caffeine group, whereas phosphorus stayed relatively constant regardless of the different levels of caffeine intake.
(11) In the presence of agents that inhibit sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function (10 mM caffeine, 100-500 nM ryanodine), reduction of the [Na] gradient produced increases in contractile force similar to that observed in the absence of caffeine or ryanodine.
(12) On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that screening for malignant hyperpyrexia by in vitro pharmacological testing of skeletal muscle should be carried out at 37 degrees C, and should include exposure of the sample to halothane, caffeine, suxamethonium and potassium rather than to halothane alone.
(13) The mechanism responsible for the potentiated anti-inflammatory and mild analgesic activity of aspirin remains unknown since caffeine did not alter the plasma salicylate levels or prostaglandin synthetase inhibition produced by aspirin.
(14) Their pups continued to consume the caffeine diet until 50 days.
(15) The pups were divided into caffeine and noncaffeine groups.
(16) In this study, eight patients participated in a standardized protocol to assess the effects of caffeine on seizures in ECT.
(17) These patients may have an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebral excitation associated with higher concentrations of caffeine, which could complicate withdrawal from alcohol.
(18) were elevated significantly (P less than 0.05 at 0.3, 0.6 and 1 h after injection) when caffeine 5 or 10 mg kg-1 i.v.
(19) This study supports the findings of others in that caffeine restriction is an effective means of management of breast pain associated with fibrocystic disease.
(20) Aminophylline and caffeine can mimic this effect; however, papaverine and 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine, at concentrations inhibitory to phosphodiesterase, are without effect on glucocorticoid receptor binding to DNA.
Coffee
Definition:
(n.) The "beans" or "berries" (pyrenes) obtained from the drupes of a small evergreen tree of the genus Coffea, growing in Abyssinia, Arabia, Persia, and other warm regions of Asia and Africa, and also in tropical America.
(n.) The coffee tree.
(n.) The beverage made from the roasted and ground berry.
Example Sentences:
(1) To become president of Afghanistan , Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai changed his wardrobe and modified his name, gave up coffee, embraced a man he once denounced as a “known killer” and even toyed with anger management classes to tame a notorious temper.
(2) The company abandoned plans to build a second savoury factory in the East Midlands, as well as its Greggs Moment coffee shops which it had been trialling since 2011.
(3) The lid is fiddly to fit on to the cup, and smells so strongly of silicone it almost entirely ruins the taste of the coffee if you don’t remove it.
(4) The prick tests, using both commercial allergens and specific extracts prepared from the most common types of coffee and their corresponding sacks, confirmed a sensitization in 21 workers (9.6%).
(5) Graphic analyses revealed that plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B and LDL-cholesterol were unrelated to intake of up to 2 cups of coffee per day and positively associated with intake exceeding 2 to 3 cups.
(6) Fried, reports Variety, has now retired to Florida, but the director tracked her down and rewarded her with a dedication in the soon-to-be-published coffee table making-of book, as well as couple of cameos.
(7) Four cases of right lower quadrant abscess, each a clinical diagnostic dilemma, were recognized as abscesses surrounding a perforated viscus by application of the "coffee bean" sign on sonographic examination.
(8) It’s especially not appropriate for a citizen seeking election to this house or selection to the ministry canvassing for money and support to seek to damage individuals’ reputation by commencing court actions for what could only be an improper purpose.” Palmer said the former treasurer, Joe Hockey, had been staying at the resort at the time and “walked past the table” where they were sitting and “merely sat down to have a coffee”.
(9) Coffee extracts administered to immature female mice for 3 d in feeding studies displayed significant (p less than 0.05) uterotropic responses, which were similar to results obtained in mice treated with a standard 17 beta-estradiol dose.
(10) The Norwegian researchers looked at all the sources of caffeine ingested by the pregnant women, including coffee, tea and fizzy drinks, along with cakes and desserts containing cocoa (which has lots of caffeine).
(11) In conclusion, the results of this study, the major interest of which lies in the opportunity of drawing up an overall pattern of risk for various digestive neoplasms, offer further reassurance as regards the effects of coffee on digestive tract carcinogenesis.
(12) Coffee intake from 1 to 4 cups per day was not associated with any increase in coronary heart disease occurrence compared with 1 cup or less per day (odds ratio, 1.01; confidence interval [0.93, 1.11]).
(13) The project is off to a good start: this flying visit turned up lots of ideas and potential contacts – not to mention what could turn out to be a regular coffee spot.
(14) The rest is used in schools, hospitals, coffee shops and restaurants.
(15) There is a half-drunk glass of white wine abandoned on the coffee table at his Queensferry home - the Browns had friends around for dinner the previous night - and a stack of children's books and board games piled lopsidedly under a Christmas tree now shedding needles with abandon.
(16) Coffee bean shaped or crescent shaped yeast-like elements are characteristic of Trichosporon and useful in differentiating Trichosporon from Candida but such histological features are less efficient than the immunohistochemistry in identifying mixed fungal infection.
(17) A significant dose-dependent effect was observed between the consumption of boiled coffee both in men and in women.
(18) Analysis controlling for age, sex, race, body mass index, coffee use, total serum cholesterol, and education showed a positive association of alcohol use to both types of cancer, which was stronger for rectal cancer (trend test, p = 0.03) than for colon cancer (trend test, p = 0.11).
(19) Near the entrance was a sprawling camp kitchen, with mountains of supplies, indoor and outdoor facilities and open fires on which some of the cooking was done, and all of the gigantic vats of coffee seemed to be boiled.
(20) The overall population may be exposed to TCE through household cleaning fluids, decaffeinated coffee, and some spice extracts.