(n.) An elementary substance; a metal which combined with oxygen forms lime. It is of a pale yellow color, tenacious, and malleable. It is a member of the alkaline earth group of elements. Atomic weight 40. Symbol Ca.
Example Sentences:
(1) In studies of calcium metabolism in 13 unselected patients with untreated sarcoidosis all were normocalcaemic but five had hypercalcuria.
(2) After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore A23187, culture supernatants of clones c18A and c29A showed cytotoxic activity against human melanoma A375 Met-Mix and other cell lines which were resistant to the tumor necrosis factor, lymphotoxin and interleukin 1.
(3) The half-life of 45Ca in the various calcium fractions of both types of bone was 72 hours in both the control and malnourished groups except the calcium complex portion of the long bone of the control group, which was about 100 hours.
(4) Calcium alginate dressings have been used in the treatment of pressure ulcers and leg ulcers.
(5) of PLA2 caused marked degranulation of mast cells in the rat mesentery which was facilitated by addition of calcium ion (10 mM) but antagonized by pretreating with three antiinflammatory agents.
(6) Thus adrenaline, via pre- and post-junctional adrenoceptors, may contribute to enhanced vascular smooth muscle contraction, which most likely is sensitized by the elevated intracellular calcium concentration.
(7) It includes preincubation of diluted plasma with ellagic acid and phospholipids and a starting reagent that contains calcium and a chromogenic peptide substrate for thrombin, Tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA.
(8) The results show that endolymph is extremely inhomogenous with respect to calcium potentials.
(9) The occupation of the high affinity calcium binding site by Ca(II) and Mn(II) does not influence the Cu(II) binding process, suggesting that there is no direct interaction between this site and the Cu(II) binding sites.
(10) This was unlike the action of the calcium channel blocker, cadmium, which reduced the calcium action potential and the a.h.p.
(11) Increases in extracellular calcium antagonized the negative inotropic effect.
(12) Plasma membranes were isolated from rat kidney and their transport properties for sodium, calcium, protons, phosphate, glucose, lactate, and phenylalanine were investigated.
(13) In experiments performed to determine whether PtdIns(4,5)P2 hydrolysis induced by TRH may have been caused by the elevation of [Ca2+]i, the following results were obtained: the effect of TRH to decrease the level of PtdIns(4,5)P2 was not reproduced by the calcium ionophore A23187 or by membrane depolarization with 50 mM K+; the calcium antagonist TMB-8 did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2; and, most importantly, inhibition by EGTA of the elevation of [Ca2+]i did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2.
(14) The distribution of gelsolin, a calcium-dependent actin-severing and capping protein, in the retina of the developing and adult rabbit was studied.
(15) In K+-depolarized basilar arteries, ifenprodil competitively antagonized the response to Ca2+, and this was enhanced by pre-incubation in calcium hopantenate.
(16) Thirty of the 32 women of the calcitonin group and 27 of 28 women of the calcium group finished treatment.
(17) The influence of calcium ions on the electrophoretic properties of phospholipid stabilized emulsions containing various quantities of the sodium salts of oleic acid (SO), phosphatidic acid (SPA), phosphatidylinositol (SPI), and phosphatidylserine (SPS) was examined.
(18) Hypercalcitoninemia was the most pronounced in patients with cardiac rhythm disorders and a simultaneous reduction in total serum calcium.
(19) The effects of low doses of dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel antagonists nimodipine, nifedipine, (-)-R-202-791, and amlodipine, the DHP calcium channel agonist BAY K 8644 were investigated on clonic convulsions to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in mice.
(20) A comprehensive review of the roentgenographic features of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (pseudogout) is presented.
Tetany
Definition:
(n.) A morbid condition resembling tetanus, but distinguished from it by being less severe and having intermittent spasms.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is shown from an analysis of the transient force responses observed after sudden changes in muscle length applied both at full and reduced overlap and during the rising phase of short tetani that these responses can be explained on the basis of varying numbers of cross bridges attached at the time of the length step.
(2) The existence of such an effect also in the present preparation was studied by giving 'interrupted' tetani with a total duration of about 2 s. In rested fibres the mean rate of relaxation was found to fall from 140.9 to 71.8% (n = 11) of the control (end of 350 ms stimulation) with a time constant of about 0.5 s. Thus, a marked slowing during a long tetanus occurs also in mammalian muscle.
(3) A physiological deficiency of Mg results in hypomagnesemic tetany.
(4) The investigation involved the older workers and the workers at highest dust exposure levels and included general medical screening with emphasis on the existence of hypertension, edema, calcium tetany, anemia, common skin problems, nasal septum perforation, persistent diarrhea; lung function tests; serum analyses for sulfate, calcium, sodium, and chloride content; and urinary inorganic sulfate output.
(5) This can lead to neonatal tetany or perhaps permanent neonatal hypoparathyroidism.
(6) In grass tetany, the animals generally are grazing cool-season forages in which Mg concentration or bioavailability of plant Mg is low.
(7) Immunoprophylaxis of infectious complications in surgical patients is currently practiced and is efficacious for disease caused by Clostridium tetani, rabies virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and hepatitis B virus.
(8) The association between idiopathic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and latent tetany (LT) is common, as shown in our previous studies on adults and children.
(9) Renal tubular acidosis and tetany were the 1st manifestations of Kearns-Sayre syndrome in a 5-year-old child.
(10) In this case, anaerobic culture of C tetani was unsuccessful, possibly because of the inherent difficulty of anaerobic transfer from an oral locus and the extreme fastidiousness of the organism.
(11) Underlying tendency to tetany is the most common aetiology, going hand in hand with increased histamine sensitivity.
(12) Isometric responses to single and twin pulses, tetani and sinusoidal stimulation were measured.
(13) Steady-state force and [Ca2+]i were measured during tetani, and the force versus [Ca2+]i relation was obtained by varying the extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]o).
(14) Further research is required before these lesions can be identified and new knowledge applied to the development of economical, effective programs that prevent milk fever and hypomagnesemic tetany.
(15) Like tetany, which was present in 12 of the patients, epilepsy was a common symptom, occurring in 13, seven of whom had received anticonvulsants for two to eight years before hypocalcaemia was detected.
(16) The results suggest that alkalosis per se can cause tetany in Bartter's syndrome.
(17) A 2-kilobase (kb) EcoI fragment of Clostridium tetani DNA was identified by Southern blotting and was cloned into the Escherichia coli plasmid vector pAT153 with the 32P-labeled oligonucleotide mixture as a probe.
(18) Thirty-eight animals were continued on treatment for a 2nd yr. Sometribove did not affect the incidence of ketosis, milk fever, tetany, or pneumonia.
(19) Although the culture filtrate was highly active, disc electrophoresis revealed that the toxin is a minor component of the mixture of proteins in the crude preparation, and that the minor representation contrasts with the relative prominence of exotoxins in cultures of other bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Clostridium tetani.
(20) Thus, a fetal death or an episode of neonatal tetany may reveal a maternal hyperparathyroidism.