What's the difference between calculi and calculus?
Calculi
Definition:
(n. pl.) See Calculus.
(pl. ) of Calculus
Example Sentences:
(1) Findings on plain X-ray of the abdomen, using the usual parameters of psoas and kidney shadows in the Nigerian, indicate that the two communities studied are similar but urinary calculi and urinary tract distortion are significantly more prominent in the community with the higher endemicity of urinary schistosomiasis.
(2) Average fluoroscopy time per procedure was 27.8 minutes of which 15.1 minutes were for nephrostomy tube insertion and 12.7 minutes were for calculi extraction.
(3) The most serious complications following operative treatment are retained bile duct calculi (2.8%), wound infection and biliary fistulae.
(4) A total of 38 patients underwent attempted percutaneous extraction of upper tract calculi with the Wolf nephroscope.
(5) The calculi were removed surgically in 40 cases and conservatively in 8 cases.
(6) By determining the solubility of CaTPA, the concentration of TPA that would be required to achieve urinary saturation was calculated, and a conservative estimate of the amount of TPA or DMT that would have to be absorbed in order to induce calculi was derived.
(7) The effects of Urocalun and jumping exercise upon the passage of calculi were studied.
(8) Management of obstructive upper ureteral calculi by first flushing the lithiasis to renal cavity and secondary extracorporeal lithotripsy is proposed as a routine guide-line, especially when treatment by ESWL is not immediately available.
(9) Two second generation lithotripters suitable for treatments without invasive forms of the anesthesia, the modified Dornier HM 3- and the Wolf Piezolith 2,200 were compared in terms of efficacy for ureteric calculi.
(10) The patients were active metabolically with 87% having a history of multiple calculi.
(11) Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has significantly altered the management of symptomatic renal and ureteral calculi.
(12) The only peculiarities of this study were a low incidence of calculi and a particularly high incidence of chance discovery by routine blood calcium measurement.
(13) Radiation dose to the radiologist and other personnel was measured during 102 procedures for percutaneous removal of renal calculi from the upper collecting system.
(14) The management of upper urinary tract calculi in 49 patients in the Mersey Regional Spinal Injuries Centre was reviewed retrospectively.
(15) Furthermore, prostatic calculi were visible in the tomograms of both normal and abnormal prostates at a higher frequency than generally considered.
(16) The problem of urinary calculi in association with urinary tract infection (UTI) was investigated.
(17) Of the patients 7 required 1 and 3 required 2 treatment attempts to fragment the calculi completely.
(18) Ultrasonography is thus regarded as essential for the diagnosis of bicameral gallbladders and for detecting any calculi within them.
(19) Between June, 1985 and November, 1986, 25 patients at our institute underwent retrograde nephrostomy placement to provide percutaneous access to the kidney for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) of renal or upper ureteral calculi.
(20) Calculi thus formed have a striking similarity to naturally occurring staghorn calculi and can be utilized by urology teaching programs to initiate residents in the technique of anatrophic nephrolithotomy.
Calculus
Definition:
(n.) Any solid concretion, formed in any part of the body, but most frequent in the organs that act as reservoirs, and in the passages connected with them; as, biliary calculi; urinary calculi, etc.
(n.) A method of computation; any process of reasoning by the use of symbols; any branch of mathematics that may involve calculation.
Example Sentences:
(1) The proportion of teeth per child with calculus was approximately 8 percent for supragingival and 4 percent for subgingival calculus.
(2) Attention is drawn to the desirability of differentiating between supra- and sub-gingival calculus in the CPITN scoring system and to the excessive treatment requirements that arise from classifying everyone with calculus as requiring prophylaxis and scaling.
(3) This may be one mechanism in the development of a giant vesical calculus.
(4) Among preventive procedures, most dentists removed plaque or calculus.
(5) Eleven patients spontaneously passed the calculus, ten prior to delivery and one patient postpartum.
(6) Basic laboratory studies then demonstrated that short pulsed laser energy absorbed by the calculus resulted in fragmentation.
(7) Renal calculus removal was successful in over 78.1% of the patients (91.3% for recent 4 months).
(8) Organization of a central laboratory for calculus analysis is recommended.
(9) Nearly half (48%) of this calculus accumulated within the first 3 weeks.
(10) The study has shown that: There is a significant increase in the severity of gingivitis during pregnancy; The gingival changes progressively increase during the course of pregnancy; The gingival changes are more marked than the periodontal changes seen during pregnancy (increase in periodontal disease was seen in only a limited number of cases); There was an appreciable increase in the calculus and debris deposits in the pregnant as compared to the nonpregnant women; Increase in the calculus and debris deposits was apparent in all the trimesters of pregnancy; Gingival changes showed a greater correlation with the calculus and the debris index in the pregnant than in the nonpregnant women; The role of the irritant oral deposits either as a precipitating or perpetuating factor in the genesis of gingivitis during pregnancy can not be excluded.
(11) One hundred and three adults completed a double-blind, 6-month controlled study to assess the effects of rinsing with Plax (Oral Care Division of Pfizer Inc., New York, NY) before brushing on plaque, gingivitis and calculus.
(12) The political calculus here is clear: it is about fighting a battle on two fronts.
(13) In a prospective study, the influence of sole Diclofenac-Na therapy (3 X 25 mg Rewodina, Voltaren) on the calculus recurrence rate of eight frequently relapsing and therapy resistant calcium-oxalate stone patients is analysed.
(14) Calculus was assessed using the Volpe-Manhold Index.
(15) Prior overnight occlusion of the ureter by means of ureteral dilatation further facilitates dislodgment of the calculus, which was successful in 12 of 13 patients.
(16) At concentrations of 4 or 5%, swabbed over molar teeth, it was essentially equally effective in retarding the formation of rat calculus.
(17) Organic phosphonates have been introduced in dentifrices to reduce the formation of dental calculus.
(18) Retrograde nephrostomy and subsequent calculus removal were completed successfully in 90 and 83 per cent of the 30 patients, respectively.
(19) It has been reported that dental calculus contains trace elements of mercury besides lead, cadmium and zinc.
(20) No calculus formation or crystalluria was observed.