(n.) Any solid concretion, formed in any part of the body, but most frequent in the organs that act as reservoirs, and in the passages connected with them; as, biliary calculi; urinary calculi, etc.
(n.) A method of computation; any process of reasoning by the use of symbols; any branch of mathematics that may involve calculation.
Example Sentences:
(1) The proportion of teeth per child with calculus was approximately 8 percent for supragingival and 4 percent for subgingival calculus.
(2) Attention is drawn to the desirability of differentiating between supra- and sub-gingival calculus in the CPITN scoring system and to the excessive treatment requirements that arise from classifying everyone with calculus as requiring prophylaxis and scaling.
(3) This may be one mechanism in the development of a giant vesical calculus.
(4) Among preventive procedures, most dentists removed plaque or calculus.
(5) Eleven patients spontaneously passed the calculus, ten prior to delivery and one patient postpartum.
(6) Basic laboratory studies then demonstrated that short pulsed laser energy absorbed by the calculus resulted in fragmentation.
(7) Renal calculus removal was successful in over 78.1% of the patients (91.3% for recent 4 months).
(8) Organization of a central laboratory for calculus analysis is recommended.
(9) Nearly half (48%) of this calculus accumulated within the first 3 weeks.
(10) The study has shown that: There is a significant increase in the severity of gingivitis during pregnancy; The gingival changes progressively increase during the course of pregnancy; The gingival changes are more marked than the periodontal changes seen during pregnancy (increase in periodontal disease was seen in only a limited number of cases); There was an appreciable increase in the calculus and debris deposits in the pregnant as compared to the nonpregnant women; Increase in the calculus and debris deposits was apparent in all the trimesters of pregnancy; Gingival changes showed a greater correlation with the calculus and the debris index in the pregnant than in the nonpregnant women; The role of the irritant oral deposits either as a precipitating or perpetuating factor in the genesis of gingivitis during pregnancy can not be excluded.
(11) One hundred and three adults completed a double-blind, 6-month controlled study to assess the effects of rinsing with Plax (Oral Care Division of Pfizer Inc., New York, NY) before brushing on plaque, gingivitis and calculus.
(12) The political calculus here is clear: it is about fighting a battle on two fronts.
(13) In a prospective study, the influence of sole Diclofenac-Na therapy (3 X 25 mg Rewodina, Voltaren) on the calculus recurrence rate of eight frequently relapsing and therapy resistant calcium-oxalate stone patients is analysed.
(14) Calculus was assessed using the Volpe-Manhold Index.
(15) Prior overnight occlusion of the ureter by means of ureteral dilatation further facilitates dislodgment of the calculus, which was successful in 12 of 13 patients.
(16) At concentrations of 4 or 5%, swabbed over molar teeth, it was essentially equally effective in retarding the formation of rat calculus.
(17) Organic phosphonates have been introduced in dentifrices to reduce the formation of dental calculus.
(18) Retrograde nephrostomy and subsequent calculus removal were completed successfully in 90 and 83 per cent of the 30 patients, respectively.
(19) It has been reported that dental calculus contains trace elements of mercury besides lead, cadmium and zinc.
(20) No calculus formation or crystalluria was observed.
Rheometry
Definition:
(n.) The measurement of the force or intensity of currents.
(n.) The calculus; fluxions.
Example Sentences:
(1) The extent of gelling was evaluated by low shear rheometry and quantified in terms of the effective molecular weight increase using the method of reduced variables.
(2) Rheometry on blends of hyaluronate and cross-linked collagen demonstrated that the blend required lower forces to achieve deformation and flow, compared to cross-linked collagen alone.
(3) The following methods were employed: Intravital staining with bromphenol blue (70 patients), radiometry with P 32 (127 patients), echo encephalography (12 patients,) puncture biopsy (18 patients), rheometry (96 patients).
(4) Aqueous suspensions of glutaraldehyde cross-linked fibrillar collagen and non-cross-linked fibrillar collagen were examined by rheometry, particle size analysis, and microscopic techniques.
(5) A new method of sandwich rheometry was used to evaluate the cohesive properties of different powder masses.
(6) A novel technique termed retinal rheometry, which is used to quantify the microcirculation of the human retina, is detailed.
(7) Rheometry proved to be very useful when avoiding the mixing with blood, liquor, and cyst fluid at the measuring tip.
(8) Five different viscoelastic parameters for various synovial fluids (SF) were obtained using oscillatory rheometry.
(9) The mechanical properties of collected mucus from specific sites were determined by magnetic rheometry.
(10) On the basis of studying microcirculation at the area of hernioplasty and its dependence on tissue tension force in the experiment on animals and at operations by means of radiometry, rheometry and fluorimetric analysis, the technique for surgical treatment of PAH with regard to location of a defect, including the method of plasty, system of preoperative preparation and prophylaxis of the postoperative wound complications, has been developed.
(11) In this context, especially one method, the sinusoidal oscillating capillary rheometry, is discussed.
(12) The rheological properties of the mucus samples were determined by magnetic rheometry, which yields elasticity and viscosity as a function of frequency.