(v. t.) To drive tarred oakum into the seams between the planks of (a ship, boat, etc.), to prevent leaking. The calking is completed by smearing the seams with melted pitch.
(v. t.) To make an indentation in the edge of a metal plate, as along a seam in a steam boiler or an iron ship, to force the edge of the upper plate hard against the lower and so fill the crevice.
(v. t.) To copy, as a drawing, by rubbing the back of it with red or black chalk, and then passing a blunt style or needle over the lines, so as to leave a tracing on the paper or other thing against which it is laid or held.
(n.) A sharp-pointed piece of iron or steel projecting downward on the shoe of a horse or an ox, to prevent the animal from slipping; -- called also calker, calkin.
(n.) An instrument with sharp points, worn on the sole of a shoe or boot, to prevent slipping.
(v. i.) To furnish with calks, to prevent slipping on ice; as, to calk the shoes of a horse or an ox.
(v. i.) To wound with a calk; as when a horse injures a leg or a foot with a calk on one of the other feet.
Example Sentences:
(1) Three case reports are given where the horses were shoed with full bar shoes with clips and high calks, and were given two months rest in a box.
Pledget
Definition:
(n.) A small plug.
(n.) A string of oakum used in calking.
(n.) A compress, or small flat tent of lint, laid over a wound, ulcer, or the like, to exclude air, retain dressings, or absorb the matter discharged.
Example Sentences:
(1) Diagnosis and identification of the site of the leak is often inaccurate, even with meticulous care given to placing and removing the nasal pledgets.
(2) A 29-mm Medtronic mitral valve was secured in the mitral position with a fixed number of ten pledgeted sutures in each annulus.
(3) We resected one or two marginal chordae of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve in 35 sheep and replaced them with a double-armed, pledget-supported, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene suture.
(4) At each target point, after opening the dura and using stereotactic coordinates and equipment, a microbiopsy forceps was used to place "micropatties" (each with a string tail) or small catheters with pledgets or catheter tips located at tumor edges.
(5) The new method includes the use of small Teflon pledgets to cover the conduction system at the crossing sites of suture line, and so that stitches can be placed on the pledgets to skip the conduction system.
(6) Also cooling of the CL and RM areas and application of Gelfoam pledgets soaked in lidocaine (4%) to these areas did not affect the CIR.
(7) Mosquitoes also became infected with the vaccine after ingesting virus from either a blood-soaked cotton pledget or a viremic monkey.
(8) Application of pledgets containing NT (10(-5)-10(-3) M) caused significant increases in Ptseg and Ph activity without significant changes in blood pressure.
(9) 1) The earlier technique of cotton-pledgets only shows the external orifice.
(10) The present studies compared the activity of IF applied intranasally either by nasal drops or by a saturated cotton pledget.
(11) Significant count rates were detectable in the nasal pledgets of all individuals, so that it was not possible to distinguish those with and those without rhinorrhea.
(12) A coil nest was formed in the ureter, and in all but one pig, gelatin sponge pledgets were incorporated in the coil nest.
(13) In 4 patients, sets of cables had been sutured to the myocardium through an anterior thoracotomy, in some instances using Teflon pledgets as buttresses.
(14) Pledgets increased the holding strength of mattress sutures, but figure-of-eight and simple interrupted sutures had greater holding strength than sutures with pledgets, suggesting that the direction of the suture vs that of tissue fibers is critical.
(15) In none of those patients had the mitral valve been repaired with pledgeted sutures.
(16) Both inhibition of normal clot formation and freezing of virus after it had last been propagated were associated with significantly reduced infection rates with the pledget feedings.
(17) As there was the relatively high incidence of anastomotic leak occurring at the coronary artery orifice-graft anastomosis with one lane suture, we have circumferentially buttressed the coronary suture line with several pledget-supported mattress suture--direct two lane coronary orifice suture--for reinforcement.
(18) Results from interrupted feeding experiments were significantly different from pledget feeding experiments.
(19) Three of the 5 patients with suture closure (no pledgets or adjacent ventricular septal defect repair) of the ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva sustained recurrent rupture and required repeat closure.
(20) We postulate that a small regurgitant jet directed against the teflon pledgets used in the repair was the reason for the haemolysis.