(n.) The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistence, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece.
(n.) The new formation over the end of a cutting, before it puts out rootlets.
Example Sentences:
(1) In later phases, mast cells appeared in the newly formed marrow in the external callus.
(2) The mitotic activities of various cellular components of callus tissues in different periods after tibial fracture of rat were studied with 3H-thymidine labeling and electron radioautographic method.
(3) The fractures, which appeared on roentgenograms as transverse radiolucent zones with variable callus formation, healed slowly or not at all despite treatment with calcium and vitamin D. They resembled pseudofractures (Looser's transformation zones) radiologically, but the biochemical and histologic findings were those of idiopathic osteoporosis rather than osteomalacia.
(4) The normal process of fracture healing was described in which the dual role of external callus was stressed, firstly in providing immobilisation of the fragments and secondly in providing the first bony bridge between the fragments.
(5) Pinwheel inclusions (PWs) were found in cells of callus tissue derived from explants of secondary phloem parenchyma of carrot (Daucus carota) storage root and grown on a basal medium containing zeatin and indoleacetic acid or coconut milk, naphthalene acetic acid, or combinations of these.
(6) However, we failed to demonstrate any remarkable IL-1 inhibitory activity in each fraction after gel filtration high-performance liquid chromatography of the psoriatic scale extracts or in that of extracts from the plantar callus.
(7) The lack of periosteal callus appears to be the result of a small gap and rigid fixation, rather than related to strains induced in the bone.
(8) The ages of the callus were three, five, eight, and 11 days after the fracture, that is, from before the cartilage was demonstrable on Day 5 until the enchondral bone formation started on Day 11.
(9) Biochemical analysis of the callus is reminiscent of bone from early stages of human development and normal fracture healing (e.g.
(10) Origin of roots from calluses was not accompanied by formation of buds.
(11) While some gymnasts seem more ethereal than corporeal, Beth's blisters and calluses have always been obvious.
(12) Bet v I, the major birch pollen allergen, could be extracted easily from pollen, and in low amounts from callus and leaves.
(13) In the surrounding external callus Types I, II, and III were present, but Type III was not noted in the later stages of healing.
(14) Lipids from callus cultures and suspension cultures of higher plants constitute 5 to 8% of the dry tissue's weight.
(15) Histological investigation showed that the medullary cavity was closed after 2-3 weeks, chiefly by endosteal callus.
(16) The plate-fixed bones healed more rapidly, with less periosteal callus and less angulation of the fragments, than those treated with a cast.
(17) These findings indicate that the oxygen tension around the cathode was diminished in advance of the electrically stimulated callus formation.
(18) There is increased metabolism of glycosaminoglycan collagen synthesis, and transformation of fibrous and cartilaginous callus, combined with mineralization of the latter and intensified vascular invasion into bone.
(19) Bone union can be achieved under external fixation through different pathways, ranging from callus-free gap healing under a rigid neutralization configuration to direct-contact healing with periosteal new bone formation under axially dynamized stable fixation.
(20) We compare the gene activity in heterozygotes versus homozygotes, and show variation in activity between plants regenerated independently from the same transformed callus.
Plantlet
Definition:
(n.) A little plant.
Example Sentences:
(1) We also investigated the regulation of both enzyme types in P. sylvestris plantlets exposed to stress.
(2) The construct was not expressed at significant levels in leaves of juvenile plants or plantlets cultured in vitro, but was expressed at high levels in explants cultured on medium containing 0.3 to 0.4 M sucrose.
(3) The histone H3 and H4 genes are shown to be expressed in both Arabidopsis plantlets and transitory multicellular suspension.
(4) Plantlets were regenerated from one transgenic cell line.
(5) Plantlets induced axenically also grew roots on the generalized shoot-inducing medium so that no special rooting medium was required.
(6) However, the stem of sweet potato plantlets grown axenically on agar medium containing sucrose was found to accumulate large amounts of sporamin.
(7) However, leaves from in vitro grown plantlets exhibited an elevated GUS expression.
(8) Therefore, heat-shock seems to evoke a responsiveness of plantlets similar to that obtained earlier by other authors using pre-illumination.
(9) In healthy in vitro grown plantlets the PR-b1 concentration is similar in roots and leaves (200 ng per gram of fresh material).
(10) Upon illumination of heat-shocked plantlets accumulation of chloroplast pigments as well as that of individual thylakoid membrane proteins and their corresponding mRNAs occur much faster than in the etiolated controls.
(11) Homogenate fractions from etiolated pea plantlets showed tyrosine kinase activity when incubated with [32P]ATP and substrates like polyamino acid polymer (Glu-Ala-Tyr)n or [Val5]angiotensin II.
(12) Plantlets can be regenerated efficiently from seedling hypocotyls.
(13) Assays of these bacteria on carrot disks, Kalanchoë leaves, and SR1 Nicotiana tabacum plantlets showed that mini-T plasmid containing full length T-DNA including left and right borders was highly virulent, as were mini-T plasmids containing all onc (oncogenicity) genes and only the right border.
(14) Some plantlets also were produced in the absence of growth regulators.
(15) Appropriately labelled (deuterium markers) fatty acid homologues were synthesized and applied to Senecio plantlets to unravel the mechanistic aspects.
(16) However, in fully regenerated plants growing photoautotrophically in growth-room conditions, although the constructs were still expressed, the gamma polypeptide did not accumulate to the same levels as in in vitro plantlets and new isoenzyme activities were now barely detectable.
(17) Leaf bases, scapes, peduncles, inner bulb scales and ovaries were cultured successfully in vitro and plantlets were induced readily at various concentrations of growth regulators.
(18) To analyze the chloroplast genome more rapidly in those in vitro grown plantlets, we also developed a simple method which is applicable for the amplifications and sequencing of chloroplast 16S rRNA fragment from either 0.15 g of tobacco leaf or stem tissue.
(19) (I) and (II) exhibited, on the Phanerogame germination and plantlet growth, in Petri box, an inhibitor effect, the intensity of which is of the same order as the one of 2,4 D (2.4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid).
(20) The resulting plantlets had potato morphology and were analyzed with respect to their mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA.