(n.) An apparatus for measuring the amount of heat contained in bodies or developed by some mechanical or chemical process, as friction, chemical combination, combustion, etc.
(n.) An apparatus for measuring the proportion of unevaporated water contained in steam.
Example Sentences:
(1) The subjects were all apparently healthy, had a mean body weight of 66 kg and had spent the preceding day in the calorimeter performing different fixed physical activity programmes.
(2) The heat uptake that resulted from immersing the hand and wrist into a water-filled calorimeter maintained at temperatures between 37-40 degrees C was measured under standard conditions in a group of eight subjects of either sex.
(3) The indirect calorimeter system included an air-temperature-controlled chamber and heart rate monitor.
(4) The values of Ngas determined with the calorimeter are within 1% of Ngas calculated according to the AAPM protocol, using the 60Co exposure-calibration factor.
(5) A multifrequency calorimeter has been designed to measure the amplitude and time regime of the enthalpic fluctuations associated with structural or conformational transitions in biological macromolecular systems.
(6) The pigs were placed individually into an open-circuit, indirect calorimeter and connected to an arteriovenous (A-V) O2 difference analyzer for hourly simultaneous measurements of O2 consumption by W and PVDO.
(7) A calorimeter suitable for measuring human energy expenditure has been assembled by the US Department of Agriculture in Beltsville, Maryland.
(8) Thermopile heat conduction calorimeters normally have high time constants.
(9) It is essential to train each hen before a series of calorimeter experiments.
(10) Thermoregulatory sweating was minimized by adjusting cooling in the calorimeter suit.
(11) Mechanical efficiency during a step test was measured in chronically energy-deficient (CED) individuals and compared to well-nourished subjects using a whole-body indirect calorimeter.
(12) Their rate is comparable to the velocity of temperature change in a calorimeter, which is the cause of non-equilibrium effects in a calorimetric experiment.
(13) The intrinsic instrumental component is always present and its effect on the shape of the experimental curve depends on the magnitude of the calorimeter response time.
(14) Daily energy expenditure (determined in a whole room calorimeter) was significantly correlated with both fat-free mass (FFM) and aerobic fitness (estimated from maximum aerobic capacity or VO2max).
(15) A rapid-response stopped-flow calorimeter for small samples of reagents is described.
(16) A transportable, whole body indirect calorimeter, designed for use in the tropics, is described.
(17) The irreversible thermal denaturation of the association complexes of bovine beta-trypsin with soybean trypsin inhibitor or ovomucoid was observed with a differential scanning calorimeter.
(18) There were no differences (P greater than .05) in 8- to 24-h fasting O2 and CO2 measurements determined on d 16, 19, 20 and 21, indicating that adaptation to calorimeters was not needed by the pigs.
(19) The shape of the thermogram and the total heat output of aerobically growing cultures of Klebsiella aerogenes depend on the nature and state of the inoculum, the composition of the growth medium, aeration in the fermentor and in the calorimeter, and the pump rate of the culture through the microcalorimeter cell.
(20) The results showed no detectable heat defect in graphite after prolonged periods of exposing the calorimeter to air at atmospheric pressure.
Spectrophotometer
Definition:
(n.) An instrument for measuring or comparing the intensites of the colors of the spectrum.
Example Sentences:
(1) Masticatory efficiency was measured by means of a spectrophotometer, using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) granules, the biting force and occlusal contact area.
(2) After an appropriate dilution, the released pyridine-2-thione which has a strong absorbance at 343 nm, is quantified by reading its absorbance in a spectrophotometer at 343 nm.
(3) This paper describes the properties and use of a fiber optic probe as an attachment to a spectrophotometer and its use for measurements in solutions and turbid suspensions.
(4) Cadmium and lead were determined in kidney and liver tissues of the sacrificed animals by using a trace metal analyzer and by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
(5) The concentration-dependent association-dissociation equilibrium of the bifunctional enzyme aspartokinase I-homoserine dehydrogenase I of Escherichia coli K12 has been investigated at pH 7.6 in the presence of 10 mM L-threonine and 0.1 M KCl by equilibrium gel permeation monitored by a single-photon counting spectrophotometer.
(6) Carrier status is determined by scanning the autoradiographs with a densitometric spectrophotometer or by detection of a junction fragment.
(7) The absorbed and in the urine excreted 14C-activities are measured with a scintillation spectrophotometer and scintillator composed of 2,5-diphenyloxazole(POP), 1,4-bis-(4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)benzene (dimethyl-POPOP), naphthalene, toluene and ethyleneglycol monomethylether.
(8) A spectrophotometer interfaced with a computer is used to plot the standard curve and calculate the protein content of each sample.
(9) The procedure developed enabled to use commonly employed spectrophotometers and to decrease distinctly the glutathione reductase consumption.
(10) Serum Al, Cu, Zn, Ni and Mn were measured with a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
(11) Capillary mean transit time was determined by detection of the passage of a hemodilution bolus through a region of the parietal cerebral cortical surface, using a reflectance spectrophotometer through a small craniotomy in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats.
(12) Results obtained correlated well with those produced by our routine instrumentation (Beckman Astra, Varian atomic absorption spectrophotometer).
(13) Time-dependent changes in the ultraviolet absorbance of the adenine chromophore are observed in the stopped-flow spectrophotometer when adenosine and its analogs are rapidly transferred from protium oxide to deuterium oxide.
(14) The 412 nm complex must be present at appreciable concentrations when bacteriorhodopsin is exposed to high-energy argon ion laser light of the Raman spectrophotometer at room temperature.
(15) We have investigated the binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled fibrinogen to platelets using a fluorescence spectrophotometer and a flow cytometer.
(16) The oxidation of reduced human ferroxidase by molecular O2 was studied in a stopped-flow spectrophotometer.
(17) The probe was calibrated for turbidimetric measurements with microorganisms by relating the apparent absorbancy measured on the spectrophotometer to the dry weight of each species of organism.
(18) An automated IR-spectrophotometer-mini-computer system was designed for assay of steroid hormone level.
(19) Then the stained cells were solubilized with 1% lauryl sulfate and the absorbance of each well was measured at 540 nm with a multiscan spectrophotometer.
(20) Difference spectra of the effect of HCo on the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase by cyanida and azide in isolated intact mitochondria were recorded using a split beam spectrophotometer.