What's the difference between calumny and falsification?

Calumny


Definition:

  • (n.) False accusation of a crime or offense, maliciously made or reported, to the injury of another; malicious misrepresentation; slander; detraction.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Claims that boys were murdered by VIP sex ring are credible and true - police Read more “I denied all and each of the allegations in turn [to police] and in detail and categorised them as false and untrue and, in whole, a heinous calumny,” said Proctor’s statement.
  • (2) It’s the sickness of those who insatiably try to multiply their powers and to do so are capable of calumny, defamation and discrediting others, even in newspapers and magazines, naturally to show themselves as being more capable than others.
  • (3) Left-wing philosopher Bernard-Henry Lévy spoke of a noble man who had been the victim of a "spiral of horror and calumny".
  • (4) The combination of blinking and nodding when he says "rekindled freedom's flame" tempts us to truly un-Christian calumny.
  • (5) They must take their children away from school; they cannot pay their rent; they starve with their families; they are politically and socially defamed and calumniated.
  • (6) He told the BBC: "A dreadful slander is being perpetrated … If your father of beloved memory was treated like that you would do anything at all to rebuff and rebut and destroy these calumnies.
  • (7) Perhaps he would have been intrigued by the announcement of the latest hi-tech wheeze intended to counter the age-old problem of the rapid dissemination of falsehood, calumny and plausible gibberish: a social media lie detector .
  • (8) For the Sun, Juncker is "the most dangerous man in Europe", the son of a "Nazi" – an improbable calumny.
  • (9) Perhaps the greatest calumny committed against old people – and the one that most frightens the not-yet-old – is the belief that ageing causes us to leech vitality.
  • (10) Photograph: Ashmolean Museum Nor is this the only calumny Ruskin has suffered.
  • (11) The similarities in the suffering of these two children should remind us of the calumny and chaos that has defined the history of childhood adversity in Britain.
  • (12) Their masterly addition that Mitchell called them "plebs" too was the killer calumny.
  • (13) But many Jews do worry that his past instinct, when faced with potential allies whom he deemed sound on Palestine, was to overlook whatever nastiness they might have uttered about Jews, even when that extended to Holocaust denial or the blood libel – the medieval calumny that Jews baked bread using the blood of gentile children.
  • (14) Uribe has long denied any links to paramilitaries and on Wednesday accused Cepeda via Twitter of "desperately seeking more calumnies" against him.
  • (15) The calumny that they are simply repeating the ideas of the 1990s – or that they are Tories in disguise – is no more true for its steady repetition.
  • (16) Unable to shake off the calumny that they broke the world's banks, Labour must handcuff itself to credibility and responsibility.

Falsification


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of falsifying, or making false; a counterfeiting; the giving to a thing an appearance of something which it is not.
  • (n.) Willful misstatement or misrepresentation.
  • (n.) The showing an item of charge in an account to be wrong.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Unethical conduct in research can be divided into five categories: 1) falsification of data, in which the researcher manipulates results, provides data without experimentation, or biases the results to give a false impression of their value; 2) failure to credit others (former colleagues, students, associates) for research results or ideas; 3) plagiarism, use of other's published material (ideas, graphs, or tabular data) without permission or credit; 4) conflicts of commitment or interest in which work or ownership in a private firm in some way conflicts or detracts from the duties to the institution they represent or allows private gain through the individual's employment at the institution; 5) biased experimental design or interpretation of data to support public or private groups that have provided financial support for research.
  • (2) These issues include the desirability of including adolescents and both pregnant and nonpregnant women in the trial, the use of unapproved control regimens, problems with antimicrobial susceptibility testing due to inadequate methodology and the need for prompt treatment, the need to assess agents for treatment of syndromes of unknown microbial etiology, toxicity considerations related to the use of single-dose regimens, management of the sexual partners of the participants in the trial, analysis of data despite the high frequency of minor protocol violations, sexual reexposure to infection during the trial, and the potential for loss, alteration, or falsification of data because of the relative simplicity of the usual protocol design and the diagnostic reliance on specimens that are routinely discarded.
  • (3) But as with the December vote, independent election monitors and opposition activists presented evidence of widespread falsifications, including ballot stuffing and "carousel voting" – packing vans with voters and bussing them to several polling sites to cast numerous votes.
  • (4) Once incongruent persistence is suspected, the possibility of parental falsification of symptoms must be faced.
  • (5) Jean-Claude Ghislain, director of evaluation of medical devices at AFSSAPS, has said: "There was a falsification of documentation, which obviously made audits very difficult."
  • (6) As increased isopropanol and acetone levels are discussed as alcoholism markers, a falsification of congener analysis after skin disinfection, e.g.
  • (7) If you approve as a member of a supervisory board financial accounts which you know that 2 million are not accrued you have possibly done a falsification of a document.
  • (8) Over a dozen opposition leaders, including former presidential candidates, have been prosecuted for protesting against falsification of the election results.
  • (9) The French foreign minister at the time of the 1994 massacres, Alain Juppé, said Kagame's comments were a "falsification of history".
  • (10) This paper delineates three major types of communicative bipersonal fields: Type A, the symbolic field of illusion and play; Type B, the field of action in discharge and projective identification; and Type C, the static field characterized by impenetrable barriers, falsifications, destruction of meaning, and a rupture of the link between patient and therapist or analyst.
  • (11) Potential false negatives or falsification of positives are discussed.
  • (12) Using active anterior and posterior rhinomanometry there are possible several falsifications.
  • (13) There was also a scandal in 1999 over the falsification of quality assurance data but the worst incident at Sellafield, then-called Windscale, came in 1957 when a fire broke out which resulted in significant quantities of radioactive material being released into the environment.
  • (14) In case of suspected falsification of the Kentjur powder by other Zingiberaceae rhizome powders or their starches it is difficult to differentiate.
  • (15) Cancer patients considered most at risk from alleged falsification of appointment and treatment times by the hospital managing their care were only told of the crisis in letters sent by courier on Monday – the day before a devastating report from the national standards regulator was published.
  • (16) A re-activation of treated farm or laboratory animals which is set up too early might produce reduction of efficiency or falsification of experimental results.
  • (17) Russians continued to register cases of falsification through the night and into Monday.
  • (18) Gorbachev added that authorities "must admit that there have been numerous falsifications and ballot stuffing".
  • (19) Although such kinetic models are likely to be oversimplifications of the behavior of a large macromolecule, these models may provide some insight into the mechanisms that control the gating of the channel, and are subject to falsification by new data.
  • (20) The raw material is the major limitation: because of the variability of drugs and because of economic factors which include the risk of falsifications.

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