(n.) A tough, white, aromatic resin, or gum, obtained from different species of the Laurus family, esp. from Cinnamomum camphara (the Laurus camphara of Linnaeus.). Camphor, C10H16O, is volatile and fragrant, and is used in medicine as a diaphoretic, a stimulant, or sedative.
(n.) A gum resembling ordinary camphor, obtained from a tree (Dryobalanops camphora) growing in Sumatra and Borneo; -- called also Malay camphor, camphor of Borneo, or borneol. See Borneol.
(v. t.) To impregnate or wash with camphor; to camphorate.
Example Sentences:
(1) Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to study the heme iron in various states of cytochrome P450cam from the camphor-hydroxylating system of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.
(2) Because of toxic effects of camphor and volatile oils on central nervous system, these compounds show no therapeutical usefullness in children.
(3) The spin state of camphor-bound cytochrome P-450 is shown to depend largely on medium and temperature in aqueous as well as in mixed organic buffer.
(4) Changes in membrane potential and temporal patterns of spikes were analyzed in 30 output cells in the salamander olfactory bulb in response to stimulation with 1-s pulses of the odorants isoamyl acetate, cineole, and camphor.
(5) Pseudomonas putida PpGl, which carries the CAM plasmid encoding enzymes involved in the degradation pathway of D-camphor, can utilize D-camphor as a sole carbon source.
(6) It is proposed that the ability of P. putida to tolerate the unusually high degree of possible gratuitous induction observed for camphor catabolism may be related to the infrequent occurrence of bicyclic ring structures in nature.
(7) This indicates that camphor binding decreases the flexibility in these three regions of the P-450cam molecule without altering the mean position of the atoms involved.
(8) A binding model which assumes two binding sites for pyridine--the iron and the camphor binding site--is able to describe completely the nonlinear Eadie plot.
(9) The specific membrane glycoproteins with high affinity for camphor and decanal were isolated from rat olfactory epithelium.
(10) To this end, S(-)-camphor-yuehchukene and R(+)-camphor-yuehchukene were synthesised and tested in three bioassay models.
(11) Derivatives of camphor and terpenes have been identified in this particular river.
(12) The synthesis of two series of N-substituted 4,7,7-trimethyl-3-(1-piperidinyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene 2-carboxamides (I d-h) and 2-carbothioamides (I i-o), as well as of some N-aryl 4,7,7-trimethyl-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene 2-carboxamides (I a-c), by reaction of camphor piperidinoenamine and pyrrolidinoenamine with aryl isocyanates and isothiocyanates is described.
(13) The crystal structure of Pseudomonas putida cytochrome P-450cam in the ferric, camphor bound form has been determined and partially refined to R = 0.23 at 2.6 A.
(14) Radiomodifying effect of camphor was significantly evident during the recovery period, i.e., on day 8 after 0.5 Gy irradiation and day 6 onward after 1.0 Gy and 2.0 Gy.
(15) Oxidation of (+) camphor by cytochrome P-450soy-enriched intact cells of Streptomyces griseus resulted in the formation of one major and several minor metabolites.
(16) The identity of the major biosynthetic product as borneol was confirmed by chemical oxidation to camphor and crystallization of the derived oxime to constant specific radioactivity.
(17) The frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in mouse bone marrow exposed to gamma-irradiation was used to assess the radiomodifying effect of camphor.
(18) Mice were given repeated injections of poly I:C every three days paired with exposure to the odor of camphor for 4 hours.
(19) Although camphor's effect appeared to be greater during warming, neither effect was large.
(20) Other endodontic drugs, including disinfectants for caries cavities, sedatives for pulp, root canal disinfectants, and pulp devitalizing agents containing phenol, camphor, tricresol, formalin, and paraformaldehyde were also positive by rec-assay and would seem to potentially of damage cellular DNA in Bacillus subtilis.
Ketone
Definition:
(n.) One of a large class of organic substances resembling the aldehydes, obtained by the distillation of certain salts of organic acids and consisting of carbonyl (CO) united with two hydrocarbon radicals. In general the ketones are colorless volatile liquids having a pungent ethereal odor.
Example Sentences:
(1) The enzyme was solubilized by Triton X-100 and purified approximately 480-fold by gel filtration and affinity chromatography on alanine methyl ketone-AH-Sepharose 4B.
(2) Urinalysis revealed a low pH, increased ketones and bilirubin excretion, dark yellowish change in color, the appearance of "leaflet-shaped" crystals and increased red blood cells and epithelial cells in the urinary sediment, increased water intake, decreased specific gravity and decreased sodium, potassium and chloride in the urine.
(3) The infusion of sodium acetoacetate resulted in a 10- to 15-fold increase in circulating concentrations of ketone bodies, which were similar in magnitude in normal subjects and diabetic patients.
(4) Results of repeated visual readings spread over three different color blocks for certain concentrations of glucose, ketone, and protein, whereas repeated instrumental readings were never spread greater than two color blocks.
(5) The plasma concentrations of alanine and proline as well as other amino acids increased as the blood ketone body ratio decreased.
(6) Trifluoromethyl ketone dipeptide analogues are good inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme.
(7) As a conclusion sec-butanol, probably through its metabolite methyl-ethyl-ketone, is the most potent inducer of microsomal cytochrome P-450 in liver and kidney while iso-butanol does not alter total cytochrome P-450.
(8) A model of increased microvascular permeability pulmonary edema was developed in chronically instrumented unanesthetized sheep using perilla ketone (PK).
(9) Administration of different brain fuels--glucose, mannose, fructose, or the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate--reduced hippocampal damage induced by coadministration of GCs and either of 2 different neurotoxins (kainic acid and 3-acetylpyridine).
(10) We report the effects of n-alkanols (n-butanol to n-octanol), methyl carboxylic esters (methyl propionate to methyl octanoate) and n-alkyl ketones (2-pentanone to 2-nonanone) on a fast reflex escape response to a mechanical stimulus in Gammarus.
(11) Examination of other potential inhibitors revealed a rank order of potency against calpain to be: peptidyl sulphonium methyl ketones > fluoromethyl ketones, diazomethyl ketones >> acyloxymethyl ketones, an order which differs sharply from that found for cathespin B.
(12) Epigalanthamine, a diastereomer of GAL, was 130-times less potent in vitro in its effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes than the parent compound, and it did not differ significantly from the ketone galanthaminone.
(13) Also, a significant correlation was found between the levels of urine glucose and ketones and the level of acyl carnitine.
(14) This is in contrast to fasting adult dogs, which maintain glucohomeostasis and show only slightly decreased insulin levels, normal glucagon levels and a moderate increase of plasma ketone bodies.
(15) The following processes are discussed in this article: enzyme-catalysed hydrolyses of carboxylic acid esters and amides, phosphate esters, nitriles and epoxides; esterification and inter-esterification reactions catalysed by enzymes; reduction of ketones to secondary alcohols using whole-cell systems or isolated dehydrogenases; oxidation of alicyclic and aromatic substrates using mono-oxygenases and dioxygenases in bacteria and fungi including enzyme-catalysed Baeyer-Villiger oxidations; aldol reactions, formation of optically active cyanohydrins and enzyme-catalysed acyloin type reactions.
(16) The paint base consisted primarily of toluene and methyl ethyl ketone.
(17) Ketonic bodies participate in the power supply of cortex functions of satisfied one-day pigs but their contribution to the nerve tissue power of fasting one-and five-day pigs is insignificant.
(18) Mechanism-based inhibition of myocardial cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A2 by Compound 1 was established by demonstrating: 1) time-dependent irreversible inactivation; 2) covalent binding of [3H]Compound 1 to the purified phospholipase A2; 3) ablation of covalent binding of [3H]Compound 1 after chemical inactivation of phospholipase A2 enzymic activity; 4) identical inhibition of myocardial phospholipase A2 by Compound 1 in the absence or presence of nucleophilic scavengers; 5) Compound 1 is a substrate for myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A2 resulting in the generation of the electrophilic alpha-bromomethyl ketone; 6) phospholipase A2 inhibition requires the in situ generation of the reactive electrophile (i.e.
(19) Inhibition by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride and N alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone indicates the presence of serine and histidine residues in the active center, respectively.
(20) In addition, adrenal S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and blood ketone bodies were determined Sections of adrenals were evaluated by electron microscopy for histopathological changes.