(n.) A genus of decapod Crustacea, including some of the most common shore crabs of Europe and North America, as the rock crab, Jonah crab, etc. See Crab.
(n.) The fourth of the twelve signs of the zodiac. The first point is the northern limit of the sun's course in summer; hence, the sign of the summer solstice. See Tropic.
(n.) A northern constellation between Gemini and Leo.
(n.) Formerly, any malignant growth, esp. one attended with great pain and ulceration, with cachexia and progressive emaciation. It was so called, perhaps, from the great veins which surround it, compared by the ancients to the claws of a crab. The term is now restricted to such a growth made up of aggregations of epithelial cells, either without support or embedded in the meshes of a trabecular framework.
Example Sentences:
(1) Cancer patients showed abnormally high plasma free tryptophan levels.
(2) The effect of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on growth of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines was studied.
(3) Melanoma is the second most common cancer, after testicular cancer, in males in the U.S. Navy.
(4) An application is made to the validity of cancer risk items included in a cancer registry.
(5) This effect was more marked in breast cancer patients which may explain our earlier finding that women with upper body fat localization are at increased risk for developing breast cancer.
(6) In addition, KM231 could detect a small amount of the antigen ganglioside in human gastric normal and cancerous mucosa and in gastric cancer cell lines by HPTLC-immunostaining.
(7) In addition to the changes associated with blood group A, we also found a decrease in sugar content, alterations in other antigens, and changes in the levels of several glycosyltransferases in cancerous tissues.
(8) The inhibitory effects were stronger in A549 lung cancer cells than in HEL cells at the same TFP dose.
(9) The diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer, though suspected, was deferred for permanent sections in all cases.
(10) Thus, our study confirmed that male subjects with a history of testicular maldescent have an increased risk for testis cancer, although the magnitude of this risk was lower than suggested previously.
(11) Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed on both fresh and on paraffin embedded samples obtained by gastroscopic biopsies in 5 patients with histologically normal gastric mucosa (20 specimens) and by radical gastrectomies in 9 cases of human gastric cancer (36 specimens).
(12) Cop rats, however, possess a single 'suppressor' gene which confers complete resistance to mammary cancer.
(13) No evidence of BPH was observed in 68.4% of patients who had died of cancer.
(14) Since interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) is useful as a single agent, it is important to determine if interferon can be combined with standard chemotherapy to improve both response and survival in patients with cancer.
(15) Over the past decade the use of monoclonal antibodies has greatly advanced our knowledge of the biological properties and heterogeneity that exist within human tumours, and in particular in lung cancer.
(16) Immunohistochemical observation of myoepithelial cells with monoclonal antibody from human mammalian cancer suggested that these cells play an important role in the process of glandular ducts formation.
(17) Providers used the tests significantly more often to evaluate patients with cancer risk factors or for new patients.
(18) Cancer of the mouth, pharynx and esophagus has decreased in all Japanese migrants, but the decrease is much greater among Okinawan migrants, suggesting they have escaped exposure to risk factors peculiar to the Okinawan environment.
(19) In all, 207 cases of liver cancer were seen during this period, giving an incidence of rupture of 14.5%.
(20) Nine of the 12 long-term survivors showed lymph node metastasis and six of the 12 revealed cancer cells at the surgical margins.
Emphysema
Definition:
(n.) A swelling produced by gas or air diffused in the cellular tissue.
Example Sentences:
(1) We conclude that chronic emphysema produced in dogs by aerosol administration of papain results in elevated pulmonary artery pressure, which is characterized pathologically by medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries.
(2) Until the 1960's there was great confusion, both within and between countries, on the meaning of diagnostic terms such as emphysema, asthma, and chronic brochitis.
(3) We have previously shown that intratracheally instilled silica (quartz) produces both morphologic evidence of emphysema and small-airway changes, and functional evidence of airflow obstruction.
(4) Therefore, the measurement of the alpha-antitrypsin content plays the crucial part in differential diagnosis of primary (hereditary determined) and secondary (obstructive) emphysema.
(5) On HRCT, sequential changes from early edema to development of emphysema were noted.
(6) Chronic bronchitis, mucous hypersecretion, and liver disease, as well as a family history of emphysema, are associated conditions.
(7) Prior sublethal challenge with viable HC did not cause prolonged illness or increased mortality in the setting of emphysema.
(8) The thigh and hip manifestations can obscure the primary intra-abdominal process either due to the obvious emphysema or to the obtunded abdominal signs secondary to associated neuropathy.
(9) Macroscopic and microscopic pulmonary changes were predominantly those of oedema and emphysema.
(10) Cadmium fumes and compounds have been found to be instrumental in the development of some cases of chronic bronchitis and emphysema in Sweden.
(11) A 5-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was examined because of a small axillary wound sustained 5 days earlier and had resulted in extensive subcutaneous emphysema.
(12) In addition, there were 117 hemorrhages (.98% of the cases reported), 22 burns or mechanical injuries of the gastrointestinal tract (.19%), 26 perforations of the uterus (.22%), 44 infections (.37%), 25 skin burns (.21%), and 24 cases of skin or organ emphysema (.2%).
(13) However, select strains of E. coli may cause or contribute to intestinal emphysema in swine.
(14) Three new and 19 previously reported cases of thigh emphysema secondary to bowel disease are reviewed.
(15) This report adds to the number of recorded cases and emphasizes the potential for emphysema with the use of high pressure dental instruments.
(16) Three had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 2 had pulmonary emphysema, 1 had bronchiolitis and the other had a sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis.
(17) Because of the great number of possible irritants and responses, the differentiation of bronchial and extrabronchial obstruction is of great importance for the elderly patient (bronchitis plus emphysema?).
(18) One adult died of liver disease and three of the emphysema patients had liver abnormalities at post mortem.
(19) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined in this chapter, and the relation between its two major components, (a) chronic bronchitis and emphysema and (b) nonremitting asthma, is discussed.
(20) Lorry drivers showed excess deaths from stomach cancer (SMR 141, p less than 0.05), lung cancer (SMR 159, p less than 0.05), bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma (SMR 143, p less than 0.05), a pattern not evident among taxi drivers.