(n.) An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds called hydrocarbons. Compare Diamond, and Graphite.
Example Sentences:
(1) Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, volumes, and temperatures of expired gas were measured from the tracheal and esophageal tubes.
(2) Biochemical, immunocytochemical and histochemical methods were used to study the effect of chronic acetazolamide treatment on carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes in the rat kidney.
(3) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(4) Ethanol and L-ethionine induce acute steatosis without necrosis, whereas azaserine, carbon tetrachloride, and D-galactosamine are known to produce steatosis with varying degrees of hepatic necrosis.
(5) Heart rate (HR), pulmonary ventilation (V), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured.
(6) Given Australia’s number one position as the worst carbon emitter per capita among major western nations it seems hardly surprising that islanders from Fiji, Samoa, Vanuatu and other small island developing states have been turning to Australia with growing exasperation demanding the country demonstrate an appropriate response and responsibility.
(7) 4) Parents imagined that fruit drinks, carbonated beverages and beverages with lactic acid promoted tooth decay.
(8) This capacity is expressed during incubation of the bacteria with the substrate and needs a source of carbon and other energy metabolites.
(9) The disappearance of the herbicide, Avadex (40% diallate), from five agricultural soils (differing in either pH, carbon content, or nitrogen content), incubated under sterile and non-sterile conditions, was followed for a period of 20 weeks.
(10) Environment groups Environment groups that have strongly backed low-carbon power have barely wavered in their opposition to nuclear in the last decade, although their arguments now are now much about the cost than the danger it might pose.
(11) Cultured cells from fourth to ninth passage showed positive labelling for S 100 protein, carbonic anydrase (CAA), glutamine synthetase (GS), alpha cristallin (alpha C) and polyclonal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody, but were negative for both monoclonal GFAP antibody and also for Muller cells in the retina.
(12) They argue that the US, the world's largest producer of greenhouse gases per capita (China recently surpassed us in sheer volume), needs to lead the fight to limit carbon emissions, rather continuing to block global treaties as it has done in the past.
(13) Thin layers of carbon (20 microns) and vacuoles (30 microns) suggested a large temperature gradient along the tissue ablation front.
(14) Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) inducibility, carbon monoxide in expired air (CO), serum gammaglutamyl-transferase (GGT), and total cholesterol were compared in equal-sized, age-matched samples of healthy middle-aged males born in 1921, 1934-1936, and 1946 attending the ongoing preventive medical population program in Malmö.
(15) The disappearance of ribosomes in Escherichia coli cells starved for a carbon source was studied.
(16) It was shown that the levels of ATP and ADP in the mycelium depended on the carbon source: the maximum and minimum ATP concentrations were found on the glucose and acetate media respectively, the maximum and minimum ADP concentrations showed inverse dependence.
(17) The mechanism by which such high levels were attained was primrily a combination of arterial hypoxia and a high carbon monoxide yield from tobacco.
(18) Nick Robins, head of the Climate Change Centre at HSBC, said: "If you think about low-carbon energy only in terms of carbon, then things look tough [in terms of not using coal].
(19) Immediately prior to and at maximal workloads, carbon monoxide shifted into extravascular spaces and returned to the vascular space within five minutes after exercise stopped.
(20) The purity and configuration of each isomer of the free acid and N-chloroacetylated derivative were ascertained by: (a) paper chromatography in five solvent systems, (b) elemental analysis, (c) Van Slyke nitrous acid determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (d) Van Slyke ninhydrin determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (e) optical rotation.
Carton
Definition:
(n.) Pasteboard for paper boxes; also, a pasteboard box.
Example Sentences:
(1) Observed proliferations of E. coli inocula in cooling cartons of product were compared with the proliferations calculated from temperature histories obtained from sites close to inocula.
(2) A Staphylococcus strain was inoculated on the top and cut surfaces of freshly baked Southern custard pies which were then packaged in a pasteboard carton and held at 30 C. Daily plate counts of surface sections 0.3 inch (0.76 cm) in thickness were made.
(3) It hasn’t helped that one mischievous customer appears to have added a crease to the carton on the right to make it look even more like a penis.
(4) Prices for egg products used by food manufacturers and bakeries jumped more than 200% in the past month, and even large bakeries have been forced to buy eggs by the carton and crack them individually to continue production, Martin said.
(5) Instead of medicine, all the doctors could offer were cartons of fruit juice bought en masse from a nearby kiosk.
(6) The results were assessed against a temperature function integration criterion derived from studies of beef carcass and cartoned meat cooling processes.
(7) Some patients on psychiatric wards receive no visitors at all, still less ones bearing chocolate and flowers ... or cartons of cigarettes.
(8) Reports of George’s stag do at Ristorante da Ivo near St Mark’s Square with the free £3,000 meal featuring six flavours of ice cream, including takeaway cartons, initially irked me.
(9) Updated at 3.20pm BST 3.10pm BST We're now doing some 7-minute talks... First: Cancer Resaerch First one from Amy Carton of Cancer Research on programs for crowdsourcing cancer cures....(it's a bit hard to transcribe the video she's on...) She's telling us about "genegame" – where people can analyse genes on smartphones.
(10) Twelve one-half pint (approx 0.28 l) cartons of the 2% chocolate milk from this outbreak were analyzed for the quantity of SEA present in the milk.
(11) The cost of a carton of large eggs in the midwest has jumped nearly 17% to $1.39 a dozen from $1.19 since mid-April when the virus began appearing in Iowa’s chicken flocks and farmers culled their flocks to contain any spread.
(12) The current price at Tesco for a two-pint (1.136 litre) carton of milk is currently 75p.
(13) Specific growth rates, doubling times, ability to grow in pasteurized milk stored in commercial cartons, and resistance of spores to heating were determined for one strain of C. hastiforme.
(14) We glimpse the record player amid stacks of coasters, magazines and empty cigarette cartons.
(15) It emerged that a headteacher, Elizabeth Chaplin, who runs Valence primary school in Dagenham, wrote to parents about a new rule to confiscate juice cartons from children's lunch boxes.
(16) And, of course, the carton juices contain "no added sugar" – but as we've seen, many have as much sugar in them as Coke.
(17) There are sleeping bags piled in corners of the marble floors for the hundreds staying overnight, and piles of pizza cartons and water bottles donated by local businesses or paid for by supporters round the US and the world.
(18) This spring, led by Tesco, Britain’s major retailers embarked on a price war , slashing the price of a four-pint carton of milk from £1.39 to a barely credible £1.
(19) Two blocks away, a young woman commandeered a boat to take her and several cartons of cigarettes to her grandparents, who had refused to leave and were sheltering in their undamaged upstairs flat in a part of town still under water.
(20) One has the sense that everything in these crowded frames (pictures on walls, cartons on shelves) is there for a reason, throbbing with significance.