(n.) An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds called hydrocarbons. Compare Diamond, and Graphite.
Example Sentences:
(1) Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, volumes, and temperatures of expired gas were measured from the tracheal and esophageal tubes.
(2) Biochemical, immunocytochemical and histochemical methods were used to study the effect of chronic acetazolamide treatment on carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes in the rat kidney.
(3) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(4) Ethanol and L-ethionine induce acute steatosis without necrosis, whereas azaserine, carbon tetrachloride, and D-galactosamine are known to produce steatosis with varying degrees of hepatic necrosis.
(5) Heart rate (HR), pulmonary ventilation (V), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured.
(6) Given Australia’s number one position as the worst carbon emitter per capita among major western nations it seems hardly surprising that islanders from Fiji, Samoa, Vanuatu and other small island developing states have been turning to Australia with growing exasperation demanding the country demonstrate an appropriate response and responsibility.
(7) 4) Parents imagined that fruit drinks, carbonated beverages and beverages with lactic acid promoted tooth decay.
(8) This capacity is expressed during incubation of the bacteria with the substrate and needs a source of carbon and other energy metabolites.
(9) The disappearance of the herbicide, Avadex (40% diallate), from five agricultural soils (differing in either pH, carbon content, or nitrogen content), incubated under sterile and non-sterile conditions, was followed for a period of 20 weeks.
(10) Environment groups Environment groups that have strongly backed low-carbon power have barely wavered in their opposition to nuclear in the last decade, although their arguments now are now much about the cost than the danger it might pose.
(11) Cultured cells from fourth to ninth passage showed positive labelling for S 100 protein, carbonic anydrase (CAA), glutamine synthetase (GS), alpha cristallin (alpha C) and polyclonal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody, but were negative for both monoclonal GFAP antibody and also for Muller cells in the retina.
(12) They argue that the US, the world's largest producer of greenhouse gases per capita (China recently surpassed us in sheer volume), needs to lead the fight to limit carbon emissions, rather continuing to block global treaties as it has done in the past.
(13) Thin layers of carbon (20 microns) and vacuoles (30 microns) suggested a large temperature gradient along the tissue ablation front.
(14) Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) inducibility, carbon monoxide in expired air (CO), serum gammaglutamyl-transferase (GGT), and total cholesterol were compared in equal-sized, age-matched samples of healthy middle-aged males born in 1921, 1934-1936, and 1946 attending the ongoing preventive medical population program in Malmö.
(15) The disappearance of ribosomes in Escherichia coli cells starved for a carbon source was studied.
(16) It was shown that the levels of ATP and ADP in the mycelium depended on the carbon source: the maximum and minimum ATP concentrations were found on the glucose and acetate media respectively, the maximum and minimum ADP concentrations showed inverse dependence.
(17) The mechanism by which such high levels were attained was primrily a combination of arterial hypoxia and a high carbon monoxide yield from tobacco.
(18) Nick Robins, head of the Climate Change Centre at HSBC, said: "If you think about low-carbon energy only in terms of carbon, then things look tough [in terms of not using coal].
(19) Immediately prior to and at maximal workloads, carbon monoxide shifted into extravascular spaces and returned to the vascular space within five minutes after exercise stopped.
(20) The purity and configuration of each isomer of the free acid and N-chloroacetylated derivative were ascertained by: (a) paper chromatography in five solvent systems, (b) elemental analysis, (c) Van Slyke nitrous acid determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (d) Van Slyke ninhydrin determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (e) optical rotation.
Organometallic
Definition:
(a.) Metalorganic.
Example Sentences:
(1) In general, enzyme activity was strongly reduced by heavy metal inorganic cations; less strongly by organometallic cations, some anions, and certain pesticides; and weakly inhibited by light metal cations and organometallic and organic compounds.
(2) A knowledge gained of the biosynthesis of steroids and its specific enzymes helped to initiate my general polyketide theory of biosynthesis and also my idea of outdoing enzyme achievements with organometallic complexes ("inorganic enzyme chemistry").
(3) In mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, all four compounds inhibited the tumor growth, the organometallic phosphorodithioates being more active than phosphinodithioate analogues, and the organoantimony derivatives more active than organotins.
(4) The organometallic compound, trimethyltin (TMT), is used as a selective denervation tool to validate morphological, biochemical and functional approaches to the detection and characterization of neurotoxicity.
(5) Studies on structure-activity relationships of organometallic anticancer drugs are reviewed.
(6) An immunoassay method based on the labelling of an antigen with a transition-metal carbonyl organometallic marker and detection of the label by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is described.
(7) Supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry shows high potential for the determination at ultratrace levels of organometallic compounds of environmental interest.
(8) Corrinoids are central cofactors in bacterial metabolism, where they participate in a series of organometallic and redoxprocesses.
(9) This pathway is unique in that the major intermediates are enzyme-bound and are often organometallic complexes.
(10) The only active nongold organometallic complex was spirogermanium which had an equivalent IC50 for activity as AF.
(11) Resonance Raman spectra are reported for the organometallic phenyl-FeIII complexes of horse heart myoglobin.
(12) Non-platinum-group metal antitumor agents are represented by inorganic and organometallic compounds which contain either main-group metals such as gallium, germanium, and tin, or transition metals such as titanium, vanadium, iron, copper, and gold.
(13) This arrangement permits the metal to take part in the kinds of organometallic reactions that are ideal for coenzyme B-12 catalysis, including oxidative addition and its reverse, reductive elimination.
(14) Three new organometallic compounds, with iminodiacetic acid as the 99mTc chelating group and 2,3-diaminopropionamide as the platinum complexing group, have been prepared and characterized.
(15) Toxic elements that form organometallic compounds, especially the metal-alkyls (e.g., methylmercury), deserve special concern.
(16) On the other hand, the alpha-face of the A-ring of estradiol did tolerate positively charged organometallic fragments bearing bulky substituents although the RBA value tended to decrease with increasing charge.
(17) The validity of the technique has been tested in a phenobarbital assay using as the marker a cyclopentadienylmanganese (I) tricarbonyl (cymantrene) moiety, ethyl acetate extraction to separate the free and bound organometallic fractions, and FT-IR spectroscopy to detect the CO stretching modes of the organometallic label.
(18) The data indicate that protein-energy deficiency may impair the absorption of zinc by the rat intestinal mucosa in the presence of low-molecular-weight substances of high affinity for zinc, without altering the absorption of amino acids, or of zinc organometallic complexes in which the metal is tightly bound.
(19) The majority of this material was present as an organometallic form of manganese other than CMT.
(20) The water-soluble organometallic complex cis-[Pt(Me)2(Me2SO)2] (Me = methyl; Me2SO = dimethyl sulfoxide) (cis-dimethyl platinum(II); CDMP) was evaluated for its toxicity on the rat and for its efficacy against two tumors of this animal: the Yoshida ascites sarcoma and the T8 sarcoma of Guérin.