(n.) An algebraic curve, so called from its resemblance to a heart.
Example Sentences:
(1) Previous work supports the hypothesis that cardioidal strain, a nonlinear topological transformation, offers a plausible mathematical model for the perceived global changes in human craniofacial morphology due to growth.
(2) The frequencies are evaluated for circular, elliptic, and cardioidal sections of bone and are tabulated.
(3) However, an additional effect that emerged in these studies was that judgments were crucially affected by the instructions given to subjects, which suggests that factors other than cardioidal strain are important in making judgments about rich data structures.
(4) Mark and Todd (1983) reported an experiment in which the cardioidal strain transformation was extended to three dimensions and applied to a three-dimensional (3-D) representation of the head of a 15-year-old girl in a direction that made the transformed head appear younger to the vast majority of their subjects.
(5) The experiments reported here extend this research in order to examine whether subjects are indeed detecting cardioidal strain in three dimensions, rather than detecting changes in head slant or making 2-D comparisons of the shape of the occluding contour.
(6) When cardioidal strain is applied to a straight-line, right-angle, robotlike structure, there is no consistent effect on the age level of the figure.
(7) Previous studies have shown that the effects of a particular class of geometric transformations, known as cardioidal strain, are perceived as growth when applied to a variety of animate and even inanimate objects.
(8) In both experiments, cardioidal strain resulted in changes in the perceived age of the nonhuman profiles that were similar to those produced on human faces in earlier work.
(9) A plot of frequency spectrum is also presented for the cardioidal cross-section bar.
(10) Because cardioidal strain produces changes in structures that do not share an isomorphism of rigid (Euclidian) local features or rigid feature configurations, this transformation seems both sufficiently general and abstract to specify what J.J. Gibson has called a "higher-order invariant of perceptual information.
(11) A second transformation, affine shear, failed to produce as significant an effect on perceived age as cardioidal strain when applied to the same structures.
Cusp
Definition:
(n.) A triangular protection from the intrados of an arch, or from an inner curve of tracery.
(n.) The beginning or first entrance of any house in the calculations of nativities, etc.
(n.) The point or horn of the crescent moon or other crescent-shaped luminary.
(n.) A multiple point of a curve at which two or more branches of the curve have a common tangent.
(n.) A prominence or point, especially on the crown of a tooth.
(n.) A sharp and rigid point.
(v. t.) To furnish with a cusp or cusps.
Example Sentences:
(1) But at least one customer signalled that America's gun lobby might be on the cusp of a moment of introspection.
(2) Multiple determination of size, shape, and diameter of the left atrium were made during the control state and under conditions of varied ventricular outflow resistance in intact anesthetized dogs with markers chronically attached to the mitral annulus and the valve cusps.
(3) The edge of the valve leaflet and the other 2 cusps were intact.
(4) However, the height of the hypoconid, which was the highest in the lower molar cusps, showed almost the same mean value as the height of the upper three principal cusps, indicating that the height of the main functional cusp, in both upper and lower first molars, was almost the same.
(5) In lower second deciduous molars, the buccal margin of the cavity was positioned 1.7 mm medially to the summit of the distobuccal cusp and 1.2-1.3 mm medially to the summits of the other buccal cusps.
(6) A high origin of the right coronary artery or location of the left coronary artery adjacent to a pulmonary cusp or branch may complicate the tunnel-type repair.
(7) In the remainder a wide spectrum of abnormalities was found such as prolapse of the mitral valve (in 13.6%), bicuspid aortal valve with a medium regurgitation (4.5%), hypoplasia of the coronary cusp of the aortal valve (4.5%), dilatation of the ascending aorta with a residual significant stenosis at the site after operation of coarctation of the thoracic aorta (4.5%), subaortal defect of the interventricular septum (4.5%) and slight left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with arterial hypertension (9.1%).
(8) The ruptures and calcifications of the cusps were most commonly observed in commissure.
(9) The commonest cause of failure in young patients was calcification, while in older patients it was cusp rupture.
(10) The results indicate that the tongue-to-teeth contact area of each sound differ from the others, however, it's range is confined within cervical half of lingual surface of incisors and lingual cusps of molars.
(11) In the light of experience acquired in our Echocardiography Laboratory, we recommend, in accordance with data from the literature, the exclusive use of pulsed Doppler and measurement of valve orifices by two-dimensional imaging at the point of insertion of the aortic and sigmoid cusps as well as at the mitral ring.
(12) In 9 of 21 rats a fair or good result was observed, although it did not seem possible to create a fully competent valve with only one cusp blade in the 1.5-mm-diam caval veins.
(13) He underwent single cusp replacement in January 1967.
(14) Then the graft was cut longitudinally on the side of the non-coronary cusp so as to make operative procedure easier.
(15) Destruction of the cusps was seen in three cases and calcification of the cusps developed in three cases.
(16) In a small number of cases, the amount and type of cuspal movement and the degree of dye penetration was variable, depending on cavity design and the composite used, but generally cusp movement was unaffected by variation in cavity outline.
(17) Cardiac ultrasonography demonstrated multiple, central diastolic aortic valve cusp echoes consistent with a thickened, calcified, tricuspid aortic valve.
(18) In conclusion, transesophageal echocardiography and color flow Doppler are superior to transthoracic imaging in estimating bioprosthetic mitral, but not aortic regurgitation, in differentiating valvular from paravalvular regurgitation, and in demonstrating thickened valves due to cusp degeneration.
(19) The valve was composed of 4 cusps of different size and shape.
(20) In conclusion, TAV occurred more frequently at the noncoronary cusp than at the right or left coronary cusp.