(n.) An algebraic curve, so called from its resemblance to a heart.
Example Sentences:
(1) Previous work supports the hypothesis that cardioidal strain, a nonlinear topological transformation, offers a plausible mathematical model for the perceived global changes in human craniofacial morphology due to growth.
(2) The frequencies are evaluated for circular, elliptic, and cardioidal sections of bone and are tabulated.
(3) However, an additional effect that emerged in these studies was that judgments were crucially affected by the instructions given to subjects, which suggests that factors other than cardioidal strain are important in making judgments about rich data structures.
(4) Mark and Todd (1983) reported an experiment in which the cardioidal strain transformation was extended to three dimensions and applied to a three-dimensional (3-D) representation of the head of a 15-year-old girl in a direction that made the transformed head appear younger to the vast majority of their subjects.
(5) The experiments reported here extend this research in order to examine whether subjects are indeed detecting cardioidal strain in three dimensions, rather than detecting changes in head slant or making 2-D comparisons of the shape of the occluding contour.
(6) When cardioidal strain is applied to a straight-line, right-angle, robotlike structure, there is no consistent effect on the age level of the figure.
(7) Previous studies have shown that the effects of a particular class of geometric transformations, known as cardioidal strain, are perceived as growth when applied to a variety of animate and even inanimate objects.
(8) In both experiments, cardioidal strain resulted in changes in the perceived age of the nonhuman profiles that were similar to those produced on human faces in earlier work.
(9) A plot of frequency spectrum is also presented for the cardioidal cross-section bar.
(10) Because cardioidal strain produces changes in structures that do not share an isomorphism of rigid (Euclidian) local features or rigid feature configurations, this transformation seems both sufficiently general and abstract to specify what J.J. Gibson has called a "higher-order invariant of perceptual information.
(11) A second transformation, affine shear, failed to produce as significant an effect on perceived age as cardioidal strain when applied to the same structures.
Epicycloid
Definition:
(n.) A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls on the convex side of a fixed circle.
Example Sentences:
(1) Therefore, the paths of the individual mandibular points are epicycloids or hypocycloids.