(1) The functional anatomy of claw retraction for felids differs considerably from that of most other carnivorans.
(2) The anatomy of the claw retractile mechanism for felids is then compared to that of other carnivorans.
(3) The exchanges at contact positions are shared by other carnivoran hemoglobins.
(4) For the other families of carnivorans, the jaws and not the forelimbs are used as the primary organ of prehension and the anatomy of the claw retractile mechanism reflects functional demands placed on it other than grasping and holding prey.
(5) The masseters in carnivorans and rodents contain mainly type II fibers, whereas those of some herbivorans, including rabbits and bovids, contain mainly type I fibers.
(6) We measured the lengths and diameters of four long bones from 118 terrestrial carnivoran species using museum specimens.
Miocene
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to the middle division of the Tertiary.
(n.) The Miocene period. See Chart of Geology.
Example Sentences:
(1) The functional and phyletic significance of this material reveals a complex pattern of behavioral and phyletic diversity among large-bodied catarrhines in Europe and suggests that this diversity evolved in situ from circum-Mediterranean middle Miocene ancestors.
(2) Miocene hominoids from Europe are among the earliest members of the great ape and human clade (the Hominidae).
(3) We report here the discovery of a Miocene hominoid from Berg Aukas, Namibia, the first known from the African continent south of equatorial East Africa.
(4) This represents a major range extension of Miocene Hominoidea in Africa to latitude 20 degrees S. The holotype, a right mandibular corpus preserving the crowns of the P4-M3, partial crown and root of the P3, partial root of the canine, alveoli for all four incisors, and partial alveolus for the left canine, was found during paleontological explorations of karst-fill breccias in the Otavi region of northern Namibia.
(5) This species shows striking dental similarities to Pliopithecus from the Miocene of Europe and a number of cranial similarities to extant gibbons.
(6) Further work has indicated that analysis of Miocene fossil DNA can be replicated, and can, therefore, open up the prospects for future development of the field of molecular palaeontology.
(7) The extant New World monkey lineages are then seen as sharing a long period of common ancestry subsequent to that divergence, with their radiation beginning in the early Miocene.
(8) Previous studies indicated that the ability of one-dimensional electrophoresis to resolve relationships between distantly related taxa extended to about the Miocene [25 million years (Myr) ago], but the present study demonstrates that two-dimensional electrophoresis is a useful indicator of phylogeny even back to the Paleocene (65 Myr ago).
(9) During the later Palaeocene and early Miocene, catarrhine primates and the evolving hominoids had adaptations for frugivorous diets, with the emphasis on soft foods.
(10) Thus, among known Miocene ape species it has the greatest demonstrated potential to be near the line of ancestry of the modern gibbon and siamang.
(11) The enamel in the upper canine of a late Miocene astrapothere lacks decussation but may have resisted cracking under varied loading conditions by virtue of a 3-dimensional wavelike bending of the prisms.
(12) The La Ventan Aotus is additional support for the idea that the modern platyrrhine radiation includes long-lived genera or generic lineages, some of which may be traceable to the early Miocene, 20 Myr BP.
(13) My aim here is to evaluate the usefulness of enamel thickness and microstructure as characteristics for determining the relationships of the later Miocene hominoids, based both on a quantitative study of enamel thickness in extant hominoids and four species of later Miocene Sivapithecus (including 'Ramapithecus') and on scanning electron microscope analysis of enamel microstructure.
(14) However, the validity of this report has been questioned based on models predicting that DNA should be completely degraded after 4 million yr. We report here the successful amplification, sequencing, and analysis of a 1320-base-pair portion of the chloroplast gene rbcL from a Miocene Taxodium specimen, also from the Clarkia site.
(15) Recent paleontological collections at the middle Miocene locality of Maboko Island in Kenya, dated at 15-16 million years, have yielded numerous new specimens belonging to at least five species of fossil anthropoids.
(16) A stratigraphically oriented series of the Miocene foraminiferal species Brizalina mandoroveensis from Ikang, Cameroon, was analyzed both by conventional multivariate morphometric procedures and by the tensor biometric method of Bookstein (1986; Statist, Sci.
(17) This paper presents a revised view of the positional implications of late Miocene hominid fossils and considers some of the taxonomic and phyletic implications of these specimens.
(18) Methods used included SEM of methacrylate casts of marsupial enamel tubules, worn and cut surfaces of whole marsupial teeth, developing and erupted platypus teeth, and a well-developed molar of the newly discovered Miocene ornithorhynchid Obdurodon sp., and tandem scanning reflected light microscopy of intact marsupial teeth.
(19) Primate scapula and ulna fragments of uncertain taxonomic affinity (MACN-SC 101) have been recovered from the Pinturas deposits at Arroyo Feo, Santa Cruz, Argentina in association with Santacrucian (Early Miocene) land mammals.
(20) New humeri of two species of the Miocene hominoid Sivapithecus are described from near Chinji in Pakistan from between approximately 9 and 11 Myr ago.