(v. t.) To deprive of the testicles; to emasculate; to geld; to alter.
(v. t.) To cut or take out; esp. to remove anything erroneous, or objectionable from, as the obscene parts of a writing; to expurgate.
Example Sentences:
(1) Intact rams exhibited GH secretory episodes of greater (P less than 0.01) amplitude than did castrated lambs.
(2) Positive feedback effects on serum gonadotrophins in castrates were observed following injection of certain doses of some steroids.
(3) In contrast, castration during pseudopregnancy did not abolish the secondary peaks.
(4) No specific labeling could be detected in the adrenocorticotrophs of adrenalectomized rats or gonadotrophs (castration cells) of castrated rats.
(5) In a final experiment, prostatic atrophy in castrate rats was not enhanced by either adrenalectomy or flutamide treatment.
(6) Castrated rams did not show this increase, with or without supplementary testosterone.
(7) Naloxone also prevented testosterone's negative feedback inhibition of serum LH in the castrated male rat.
(8) Moreover, the levels of these parameters were comparable in tumours whether implanted in non-castrated or gonadectomized animals.
(9) Castration of male rats results in a decrease in submandibular gland RSKG-7 mRNA, which can be restored to the normal level by treatment with thyroxine or testosterone.
(10) In vivo administration of anti-EGF antibody or anti-TGF-alpha antibody significantly reduced estrogen-induced labelling index in castrated mouse uterus.
(11) In castrates, the prostatic stroma became thickened, with a large increase in fibrous material between and surrounding each acinus, although smooth muscle cells retained their normal cytology.
(12) Median survival was significantly prolonged in primed animals 191 vs 40 days for untreated animals and 150 days for the nonprimed castration + chemotherapy animals (P less than 0.02).
(13) Adreno-cortical compensation of the concentration of the hormone did not occur in the post-castration period.
(14) Rat dorsal prostate epithelium was studied in intact adult animals, in animals castrated for three days and in rats after inhibition of prolactin secretion.
(15) The ability of melatonin to influence LH pulse frequency in entire and castrated rams indicated that an effect of melatonin on the hypothalamic pulse generator is independent of testicular steroids.
(16) The treatment with supraphysiological doses of the gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue Buserelin results in the suppression of serum testosterone to castration range with a probability of 95% after 28 days.
(17) To determine the effect of photoperiod on substance P, peptide containing neurons were counted in (1) enucleates (n = 6), (2) enucleated castrates treated with testosterone (n = 6), (3) castrates treated with testosterone (n = 4), and (4) intact controls (n = 6).
(18) In addition, there was a marginally significant (P less than 0.1) relationship between prolactin secretion in the castrate ram and the stage of testicular activity in the entire rams with elevated levels associated with regressed activity.
(19) In terms of total cellular receptor content, initial levels were higher in castrate animals, but rapidly fell to intact levels within an hour following estradiol injection.
(20) The effect of naloxone administration on the LH-RH secretion in hypophyseal portal blood and LH secretion in peripheral blood was studied in four short term castrated rams (between 2 to 4 days after castration).
Evirate
Definition:
(v. t.) To emasculate; to dispossess of manhood.
Example Sentences:
(1) PAAG-electrophoresis of the isogenic pair of Rickettsia prowazekii strains E and Evir lysates demonstrate the similarity in polypeptide tracks.
(2) The strains under study have been divided into two groups according to the character of differences in their restrictograms: the group of virulent typing strain Breinl (Breinl, G. Anan'ev) and the group of strain E with low pathogenicity (E, EVir, Katsinian).
(3) Immunoblot analysis with immune rabbit sera to the strain E, EVir, and Breinl showed differences in immunological response to the 70 kD and 60 kD polypeptides of low virulent strain E and those of virulent strains EVir and Breinl.
(4) The sensitivity of some cell cultures to different R. prowazekii strains (strain E with low pathogenicity, virulent strain Breinl, strains ERifRI and EVir) has been studied with a view to the selection of an adequate culture for growing these strains and the study of their biological properties.
(5) The DNA of Rickettsia prowazekii vaccine strain E was analysed by restriction analysis with 17 endonucleases in comparison with its virulent revertant - Evir and the virulent reference strain Breinl.
(6) The high immunogenicity of the protein antigens of E, EVir and Breinl strains was demonstrated by immunoblot assay with human sera, which did not show any differences between the strains studied.
(7) In spite of stable differences in virulence, strains E and Evir displayed a totally identical DNA cleavage pattern indicating the absence of marked structural differences between their genomes.
(8) The protein antigens of two distinct lines of genetically related strains, namely the nonpathogenic strain E and its virulent revertant EVir and of the standard virulent strain Breinl were compared in SDS-PAGE and immunoblot assay using typhus patient sera and immune rabbit sera.
(9) The major M(r) 100 kD protein (protein I) from the standard virulent R. prowazekii strain Breinl, from the nonvirulent strain E and its virulent revertant EVir were isolated by chromatography and characterized.
(10) Protein I from virulent strains Breinl and EVir differed from that of nonpathogenic strain E by the quantity of N epsilon-Me-Lys and N epsilon-Me3-Lys, but all had the same total amount of Lys and its derivatives.
(11) No differences in the polypeptide pattern as detected in SDS-PAGE were found between strain E and EVir; the Breinl strain differed in a 30 kD protein.
(12) On the other hand 9 endonucleases showed differences in the restrictograms of the DNA strain Breinl as compared with strains E and Evir.
(13) In immunoblot experiments the specific rabbit antiserums obtained on the 30th day of infection with the Breinl, E or Evir strains demonstrate the presence of the different main antigens 60 Kd or 70 Kd.