What's the difference between catalyst and inhibitor?

Catalyst


Definition:

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The radioprotective action in E. coli ATCC 9637 of ascorbate added to media containing the weak sensitizer, tetracycline (effect described by Pittillo and Lucas (1967)), was found to be dependent on the presence of metal catalysts of the autoxidation of ascorbate.
  • (2) "If I hadn't scored that goal, I might still have ended up playing in Italy [Platt went on to play for Bari, Juventus and Sampdoria] but, realistically, I'm sure it was the catalyst.
  • (3) Enzymes are good catalysts in terms of high catalytic and specific activity with ability to function under mild conditions.
  • (4) The main aim of this brief contribution is to suggest that our understanding of the general principles of osmochemistry may provide useful insights into the type of mechanism by which solute-translocating catalysts work.
  • (5) Shelby Quast, of Equality Now, said the gathering could be a “tipping point” and act as a catalyst for change, so that girls in the US could finally be protected: “It’s the first time that members of the government are coming around the table to meet with civil society, survivors and members of the diaspora – this is the first step towards putting together a comprehensive action plan to tackling FGM.” Campaigners are calling for the government to look at practical ways that FGM could be wiped out in the United States – such as engaging with paediatricians and other doctors, immigration officers and visa offices.
  • (6) With different oxidation catalysts most antioxidants and amino acids tested enhanced polymerization.
  • (7) The high sites' density with basic character, evidenced by use of various probe molecules, is very similar for the two asbestos types (chrysotile and crocidolite) and on the same order as the density encountered in some catalysts.
  • (8) Fillings were made of Concise composite resin, without applying an intermediary resin (1), after applying the resin layer (2), after diluting the mix with one (3) or two (4) drops of catalyst resin but without an intermediary resin, and after diluting the mix and applying the resin layer (5).
  • (9) Monoclonal antibodies elicited to haptens that are analogs of the transition state for hydrolysis of carboxylic esters behaved as enzymic catalysts with the appropriate substrates.
  • (10) Rapid addition of purines and pyrimidines to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (such as acrolin) is a general phenomenon which does not require an amine catalyst.
  • (11) Time acts as a catalyst for members to learn to respect and appreciate each other.
  • (12) The resulting solution is directed into tubes containing a catalyst that is activated by UV light and causes the dissolved CO2 to react with water (H2O) to form methanol (CH3OH).
  • (13) Manganese therefore acts as a catalyst for the non-enzymatic reaction, but magnesium does not.
  • (14) When the reaction was done in dimethyl sulfoxide, with 1-methylimidazole as the catalyst, a third compound was observed, and identified as 1,2,4-tri-O-acetyl-3-C-(acetoxymethyl)-3-O-(methylthiomethyl)-D-glycero- tetrito l [3-O-(methylthiomethyl)apiitol tetraacetate] by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.
  • (15) Russell also described the Commonwealth Games as a catalyst but was realistic enough not to claim they immediately changed an area with long, deep-rooted problems, or miraculously roused a poor, generally unhealthy local population into vigorously playing sport.
  • (16) The device limits the amount of oxygen entering with the sample to a maximum of 2%, which is rapidly removed by reacting with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.
  • (17) The yields of Thf-FU and more especially of Thf2-FU were greatly dependent on the relative amount of SnCl4, and 0.01-0.1 equiv of the catalyst with respect to Me3Si-FU gave the best results.
  • (18) Some officers close to the case believe George and Allen may have always harboured paedophilic thoughts but Blanchard provided a "catalyst" which encouraged them to act out their fantasies.
  • (19) Dusan Tadic was introduced at the break and looked a catalyst for a comeback.
  • (20) These findings may indicate that trace amounts of acidic catalysts remaining after production of IPM are responsible for the toxic effect.

Inhibitor


Definition:

  • (n.) That which causes inhibitory action; esp., an inhibitory nerve.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The ability of azelastine to influence antigen-induced contractile responses (Schultz-Dale phenomenon) in isolated tracheal segments of the guinea-pig was investigated and compared with selected antiallergic drugs and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.
  • (2) The penetration of (22)Na was not prevented by the presence of metabolic inhibitors or by 500 mm NaCl in the suspending medium.
  • (3) This induction is sensitive to actinomycin D but not to protein synthesis inhibitor puromycin, indicating an effect of estradiol at the transcriptional level, possibly mediated by the estrogen receptor.
  • (4) [Ca2+]i exhibited a sigmoidal dependence on [Na+]o. Mg2+, a competitive inhibitor of Na2+-Ca2+ antiport in these cells, antagonized the increase in [Ca2+]i produced by lowering [Na+]o.
  • (5) The role of O2 free radicals in the reduction of sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase, which occurs during reperfusion of ischemic heart, was examined in isolated guinea pig heart using exogenous scavengers of O2 radicals and an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
  • (6) The concentrations of five normally occurring protease inhibitors in serum and synovial fluid were compared in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis, and normal controls.
  • (7) Dilutional studies comparing the mechanism of inhibition of monoamine oxidase produced by Gerovital H3 and by ipronizid demonstrated that Gerovital H3 was a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase.
  • (8) The variation of the activity of the peptidase with pH in the presence of various inhibitors was investigated in both control and insulted muscle fibres.
  • (9) The specific limited trypsinolysis of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase (T7RP) was performed in the presence of various components of the polymerase reaction and some GTP-analogs--irreversible inhibitors of the enzyme.
  • (10) MAF-G activity was inhibited by mitomycin C and colchicine, which inhibit DNA synthesis and mitosis, respectively, but not by 2-deoxy-D-glucose, an inhibitor of glucose metabolism.
  • (11) Because it has been suggested that the lathyrogen, BAPN, may stimulate the release of proteases, the protease inhibitors Trasylol and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) were given alone or in combination to BAPN-treated rats.
  • (12) We have confirmed this directly by showing that pure CCK is a potent inhibitor of gastric emptying.
  • (13) We conclude that human hepatic lipocytes synthesize TIMP-1, a potent metalloproteinase inhibitor, and that TIMP-1 expression increases with lipocyte activation.
  • (14) Peptides from this region bind to actin, act as mixed inhibitors of the actin-stimulated S1 Mg2(+)-ATPase, and influence the contractile force developed in skinned fibres, whereas peptides flanking this sequence are without effect in our test systems.
  • (15) The enzyme was quantitated by incubation of 16-micron-thick brain sections with 0.07-2 nM of the converting enzyme inhibitor 125I-351A and comparison to 125I-standards.
  • (16) The influence of the inhibitors on the transferase induction was dose and time-dependent.
  • (17) While both inhibitors caused thermosensitization, they did not affect the time scale for the development of thermotolerance at 42 degrees C or after acute heating at 45 degrees C. The inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribosylation) radiosensitizers and thermosensitizers may be of use in the treatment of cancer using a combined modality of radiation and hyperthermia.
  • (18) The effects of burimamide, an H2-inhibitor, and mepyramine and chlorpheniramide, both H1-inhibitors, were tested.
  • (19) p-Chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) also reduced the response to levodopa but the usefulness of PCPA as an inhibitor of 5HT synthesis in these experiments in doubtful since it also inhibited the hypoglycaemic effects of 5HTP and i.c.v.
  • (20) The inhibitor also reduced the infarct size at 48 h by 34.4%.