What's the difference between catalyst and promoter?

Catalyst


Definition:

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The radioprotective action in E. coli ATCC 9637 of ascorbate added to media containing the weak sensitizer, tetracycline (effect described by Pittillo and Lucas (1967)), was found to be dependent on the presence of metal catalysts of the autoxidation of ascorbate.
  • (2) "If I hadn't scored that goal, I might still have ended up playing in Italy [Platt went on to play for Bari, Juventus and Sampdoria] but, realistically, I'm sure it was the catalyst.
  • (3) Enzymes are good catalysts in terms of high catalytic and specific activity with ability to function under mild conditions.
  • (4) The main aim of this brief contribution is to suggest that our understanding of the general principles of osmochemistry may provide useful insights into the type of mechanism by which solute-translocating catalysts work.
  • (5) Shelby Quast, of Equality Now, said the gathering could be a “tipping point” and act as a catalyst for change, so that girls in the US could finally be protected: “It’s the first time that members of the government are coming around the table to meet with civil society, survivors and members of the diaspora – this is the first step towards putting together a comprehensive action plan to tackling FGM.” Campaigners are calling for the government to look at practical ways that FGM could be wiped out in the United States – such as engaging with paediatricians and other doctors, immigration officers and visa offices.
  • (6) With different oxidation catalysts most antioxidants and amino acids tested enhanced polymerization.
  • (7) The high sites' density with basic character, evidenced by use of various probe molecules, is very similar for the two asbestos types (chrysotile and crocidolite) and on the same order as the density encountered in some catalysts.
  • (8) Fillings were made of Concise composite resin, without applying an intermediary resin (1), after applying the resin layer (2), after diluting the mix with one (3) or two (4) drops of catalyst resin but without an intermediary resin, and after diluting the mix and applying the resin layer (5).
  • (9) Monoclonal antibodies elicited to haptens that are analogs of the transition state for hydrolysis of carboxylic esters behaved as enzymic catalysts with the appropriate substrates.
  • (10) Rapid addition of purines and pyrimidines to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (such as acrolin) is a general phenomenon which does not require an amine catalyst.
  • (11) Time acts as a catalyst for members to learn to respect and appreciate each other.
  • (12) The resulting solution is directed into tubes containing a catalyst that is activated by UV light and causes the dissolved CO2 to react with water (H2O) to form methanol (CH3OH).
  • (13) Manganese therefore acts as a catalyst for the non-enzymatic reaction, but magnesium does not.
  • (14) When the reaction was done in dimethyl sulfoxide, with 1-methylimidazole as the catalyst, a third compound was observed, and identified as 1,2,4-tri-O-acetyl-3-C-(acetoxymethyl)-3-O-(methylthiomethyl)-D-glycero- tetrito l [3-O-(methylthiomethyl)apiitol tetraacetate] by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.
  • (15) Russell also described the Commonwealth Games as a catalyst but was realistic enough not to claim they immediately changed an area with long, deep-rooted problems, or miraculously roused a poor, generally unhealthy local population into vigorously playing sport.
  • (16) The device limits the amount of oxygen entering with the sample to a maximum of 2%, which is rapidly removed by reacting with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.
  • (17) The yields of Thf-FU and more especially of Thf2-FU were greatly dependent on the relative amount of SnCl4, and 0.01-0.1 equiv of the catalyst with respect to Me3Si-FU gave the best results.
  • (18) Some officers close to the case believe George and Allen may have always harboured paedophilic thoughts but Blanchard provided a "catalyst" which encouraged them to act out their fantasies.
  • (19) Dusan Tadic was introduced at the break and looked a catalyst for a comeback.
  • (20) These findings may indicate that trace amounts of acidic catalysts remaining after production of IPM are responsible for the toxic effect.

Promoter


Definition:

  • (n.) One who, or that which, forwards, advances, or promotes; an encourager; as, a promoter of charity or philosophy.
  • (n.) Specifically, one who sets on foot, and takes the preliminary steps in, a scheme for the organization of a corporation, a joint-stock company, or the like.
  • (n.) One who excites; as, a promoter of sedition.
  • (n.) An informer; a makebate.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The findings indicate that there is still a significant incongruence between the value structure of most family practice units and that of their institutions but that many family practice units are beginning to achieve parity of promotion and tenure with other departments in their institutions.
  • (2) Comparison of wild type and the mutant parD promoter sequences indicated that three short repeats are likely involved in the negative regulation of this promoter.
  • (3) The promoters of the adenovirus 2 major late gene, the mouse beta-globin gene, the mouse immunoglobulin VH gene and the LTR of the human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type I were tested for their transcription activities in cell-free extracts of four cell lines; HeLa, CESS (Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B cell line), MT-1 (HTLV-I-infected human T cell line without viral protein synthesis), and MT-2 (HTLV-I-infected human T cell line producing viral proteins).
  • (4) We also show that the gene of the main capsid protein is expressed from its own promoter in an Escherichia coli strain.
  • (5) In contrast, the effects of deltamethrin and cypermethrin promote transmitter release by a Na+ dependent process.
  • (6) The effects of hormonal promotion of T24-ras oncogene-transfected rat embryo fibroblasts (REF) were compared to cotransformation of these cells with adenovirus E1A and ras.
  • (7) Pokeweed mitogen-stimulated rat spleen cells were identified as a reliable source of rat burst-promoting activity (PBA), which permitted development of a reproducible assay for rat bone marrow erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E).
  • (8) 4) Parents imagined that fruit drinks, carbonated beverages and beverages with lactic acid promoted tooth decay.
  • (9) This promotion of repetitive activity by the introduction of additional potassium channels occurred up to an "optimal" value beyond which a further increase in paranodal potassium permeability narrowed the range of currents with a repetitive response.
  • (10) They have actively intervened with governments, and particularly so in Africa.” José Luis Castro, president and chief executive officer of Vital Strategies, an organisation that promotes public health in developing countries, said: “The danger of tobacco is not an old story; it is the present.
  • (11) It is time to start over with an approach to promoting wellbeing in foreign countries that is empirical rather than ideological.
  • (12) The yeasts amounts used did not protect the test animals from the kidney infiltration with lipids and cholesterol; 12 g of yeasts per 100 g of the ration promoted elevation of sialic acid content in the blood plasma.
  • (13) Tumor promoting phorbol esters (1-1000 nM) could also inhibit PGE2 stimulated cAMP production dose dependently.
  • (14) The data indicate that adult neurons with an intrinsic ability to regenerate axons can respond to substances with neurotrophic or neurite-promoting activities in tissue cultures.
  • (15) The 21K peptide had little direct effect on the selection of promoters in vitro as measured by this technique, but it dramatically increased the translatability of the product.
  • (16) It was found that these Hageman factor fragments promoted rapid proteolysis of one-chain factor VII to a more active two-chain form.
  • (17) As a result, trnK is under the control of the psbA promoter in this species and has therefore acquired psbA-like expression characteristics.
  • (18) Genetic regulation of the ilvGMEDA cluster involves attenuation, internal promoters, internal Rho-dependent termination sites, a site of polarity in the ilvG pseudogene of the wild-type organism, and autoregulation by the ilvA gene product, the biosynthetic L-threonine deaminase.
  • (19) One promoter factors is identical to u-EBP-E, an enhancer binding protein.
  • (20) Endogeneous satellite cells in skeletal muscle regenerating from bupivacaine damage were infected with an injected retrovirus containing the Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene under the promoter control of the Moloney murine leukemia virus long-terminal repeat.