(n.) An electro-positive substance, which in electro-decomposition is evolved at the cathode; -- opposed to anion.
Example Sentences:
(1) The actions of the polyvalent cationic dye Ruthenium Red and the enzyme neuraminidase were studied at the frog neuromuscular junction.
(2) Interaction of viable macrophages with cationic particles at 37 degrees C resulted in their "internalization" within vesicles and coated pits and a closer apposition between many segments of plasmalemma than with neutral or anionic substances.
(3) On the other hand, the hydrophilic reagents, 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)-propyl]carbodiimide and N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline, did not affect organic cation transport.
(4) Kup is a separate K+ uptake system with relatively little discrimination in the transport of the cations K+, Rb+, and Cs+.
(5) To selectively stain polyanionic macromolecules of growth plate cartilage and to prevent artifacts induced by aqueous fixation, proximal tibial growth plates were excised from rats, slam-frozen, and freeze-substituted in 100% methanol containing the cationic dye Alcian blue.
(6) In general, enzyme activity was strongly reduced by heavy metal inorganic cations; less strongly by organometallic cations, some anions, and certain pesticides; and weakly inhibited by light metal cations and organometallic and organic compounds.
(7) Conflicting reports exist on the postprandial response of serum cationic trypsin like immunoreactivity (SCTLI).
(8) Frequent measurement of serum cation and appropriate replacement are recommended when high dose Cisplatin containing regimen is used in chemotherapy of neoplasms.
(9) Binding is inhibited by divalent and trivalent cations (Cd2+ and La3+ being most potent) and other calcium channel drugs (1,4 dihydropyridines, phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines).
(10) The planar 7H-pyridocarbazole cations form stacks approximately parallel to b. Interactions between stacks occur by weak van der Waals forces.
(11) Bio-Rex 70, a carboxylic acid cation exchanger, is studied as a biological ion-exchanger resin model for cellular cytoplasm.
(12) 45Calcium has been used to compare the kinetics for the transport and bioaccumulation of this regulatory cation in keratinocyte cultures of a kindred with HPS (i.e., one HPS homozygote, one HPS obligate heterozygote, one normal family member, and healthy adult controls).
(13) Although GTP most potently inhibited [125I]beta h-endorphin binding in the presence of sodium, inhibition of [125I]beta h-endorphin binding by GTP was also observed in the presence of the monovalent cations lithium and potassium, but not the divalent cations magnesium, calcium, or manganese.
(14) The fungicidal activity of six rabbit neutrophil cationic peptides (NP) against resting (dormant) spores, preincubated (swollen) spores, and hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus oryzae was examined.
(15) No significant relationship was found between these urinary cations and blood pressure.
(16) Cation concentrations were determined in a stratified subsample (n = 89) of the study group.
(17) The cation leak identified in this manner is not prelytic, and it is fully reversible.
(18) Na+ could not be replaced for growth by any other cations or substances.
(19) When the concentration of Ca2+ in the medium was raised to 10 mM was the only extracellular divalent cation present, the depolarization in response to A23187 was increased to 11-8 mV.
(20) Mn2+ had dual effects, stimulating the ECP release in the absence of Mg2+ and Ca2+, and inhibiting the release in the presence of these cations.
Phosphonium
Definition:
(n.) The hypothetical radical PH4, analogous to ammonium, and regarded as the nucleus of certain derivatives of phosphine.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is also found to be sensitive to inhibition by tetraphenyl phosphonium, magnesium, and ruthenium red.
(2) The accumulation of lipophilic cation radiolabeled tri-phenylmethyl phosphonium (TPMP+) was utilized to determine the resting membrane potential across the plasma membrane psi.
(3) The state of the skeleton was studied in 62 patients with otosclerosis to investigate diagnostic potentialities of 99mTc-phosphonium, of them in 34 patients the diagnosis was confirmed at operation.
(4) The stimulation of AIB transport following ouabain removal was largely abolished by a proton ionophore (1799), a lipophilic cation (tetraphenyl-phosphonium), or ouabain.
(5) These compounds were prepared by modification of the Corey prostaglandin synthesis utilizing as a key step condensation of known hemiacetals with the ylide derived from the requisite substituted phosphonium salts.
(6) The fatty acid composition of the resulting phosphonium phosphatidylcholine is similar to that of phosphatidylcholine.
(7) The phosphonium ions used here promote desensitization of the receptor, as judged by the binding rate of the fluorescent agonist NBDA-C5-acylcholine or alpha-bungarotoxin.
(8) The procedure starts with readily available aldehydes or ketones and the common intermediate p-bromobenzyltriphenyl-phosphonium bromide in a Wittig reaction and proceeds in good yield through p-bromostyrene and p-cyanostyrene intermediates.
(9) An electrode sensitive to tetraphenyl phosphonium (TPP+) was applied to monitor the changes in the membrane potential of the ciliate Blepharisma japonicum during the process of cell elongation.
(10) Evidence consistent with the operation of a single efflux system for compounds such as phosphonium ions, phenanthridiniums and flavines is presented.
(11) Overshoot can be diminished but not suppressed by a proton-conducting uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide m chlorophenylhydrazone, (CCCP) and by a liposoluble cation, triphenyl-methyl phosphonium (TPMP+).
(12) The transmembrane potential, as measured from the equilibrium distribution of tritiated triphenylmethyl phosphonium and by using the fluorescent probe, Di-S-C3(5), is approximately -37 millivolts.
(13) The average membrane potential was estimated by measuring the uptake of [3H]tetraphenyl phosphonium ([3H]Ph4P+).
(14) Uptake of the lipophilic cation tetraphenyl phosphonium was largely abolished by addition of magainin A and PGLa showed synergism with respect to release of respiratory control.
(15) In the suspension of cytochrome oxidase proteoliposome the uptake of a cationic penetrant (tetraphenyl phosphonium cation) was found to be coupled with electron transfer via external cytochrome c. Electron transfer via intraproteoliposomal cytochrome c induced the uptake of anionic penetrants (tetraphenyl borate and phenyldicarbaundecaborane anions).
(16) As judged by the uptake of the voltage-sensitive probe [3H]triphenylmethyl phosphonium we observed a close correlation between conditions which inhibit virus infection and which cause depolarization of the cells.
(17) The rate of synthesis and degradation of phosphatidylcholine and of the phosphonium analogue are similar.
(18) Several radioiodinated iodopentenyl-trisubstituted phosphonium, arsonium, and ammonium iodides have been prepared and evaluated in rats to determine the effects of structural variations of the cations on myocardial uptake and retention.
(19) The activation energy for both the porphyrin and phosphonium cation induced conductance is more positive than that of the tetraphenylboride conductance.
(20) We have synthesized 20,20,20-trifluoroarachidonic acid by the cis-selective Wittig reaction of the C12-C20 fragment with phosphonium salt.