(1) It is shown that in animals of the same line but differing by the behaviour in the open field, brain formations such as the sensorimotor cortex, caudate nucleus and n. accumbens have their own biochemical properties of the studied characteristics.
(2) Hence, in the intact caudate-putamen dopamine appears to suppress expression of these two neuropeptide genes leading to an activation of both NPY and SOM mRNA expression in many non- or low-expressing neurons when the level of dopamine is decreased.
(3) Senescent (26-28 months) Fischer 344 rats were shown to have a lower density of D2 sites (-36%) without any change in affinity in membranes prepared from homogenized caudate-putamen (CPU), as compared to young adult (5-6 months) rats.
(4) Overflow curves in both regions could be described with similar kinetic parameters except for the Vmax, which in the nucleus accumbens was only 60% of that measured in the caudate-putamen.
(5) The concentrations of metorphamide in the bovine caudate nucleus, the hypothalamus, the spinal cord, and the neurointermediate pituitary were determined by radioimmunoassay and chromatography separation procedures.
(6) We describe a right-handed native American who developed a foreign accent following damage to the left premotor region and white matter anterior to the head of the left caudate nucleus.
(7) The effect of sulfated cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8S) on the generation of slow wave depolarisation in the rat caudate-putamen (CPu) was studied using in vivo voltammetry.
(8) Our results suggest that caudate TH levels plateau soon after birth and tend to remain relatively stable during aging, since no changes in either the relative number of TH-containing nerve terminals or the concentration of TH protein were found in subjects 15-63 years of age.
(9) Radioligand binding studies were conducted using [3H]CFT and [3H]GBR 12935 to label elements of the dopamine uptake system in caudate-putamen membranes of cynomolgus monkeys.
(10) In the caudate, terminal fields were restricted to a central longitudinal core while those from area 6DC were more widely distributed.
(11) The positivity of amyloid deposits in AD was 100% in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, caudate nucleus, claustrum, hypothalamus, nucleus basalis of Meynert, and cerebellar cortex.
(12) The brain dialysis method was very useful for measuring the monoamine metabolite levels of the caudate nucleus while the experimental model was still alive and presenting the torticollis-like posture.
(13) This latter finding is interpreted as representing the consequence of persistent increases or decreases in activity of inhibitory interneurons in the caudate nucleus.
(14) The density of D-1 and D-2 dopamine receptors in human caudate nucleus and putamen, obtained postmortem, were studied throughout the adult lifespan using [3H]fluphenazine as the dopamine receptor ligand.
(15) Only slight evidence of serum neuroleptic activity was shown by radio-receptor assay measurements using [3H]spiperone binding and calf caudates, and the drug's effect on prolactin elevation was short-lasting (less than 10 hours).
(16) The IC50 values for the drugs in tissue sections corresponded closely with their reported IC50 values in monkey caudate-putamen membranes (r = 0.99, p less than 0.001), suggesting that [3H]CFT binding is similar in the two preparations.
(17) After dopamine stores in the caudate nucleus of cats were labeled with [(3)H]dopamine, the ventricular system was perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid.
(18) Volumes of caudate, lenticular, and diencephalic structures are estimated, as are grey matter volumes in eight separate cortical regions.
(19) These effects of GABA decreased from the caudal to rostral part within the caudate nucleus, an order which parallels the distribution of endogenous GABA and glutamic acid decarboxylase.
(20) At operation a large tumor arising from the caudate lobe was found and the tumor was totally resected.
Chordata
Definition:
(n. pl.) A comprehensive division of animals including all Vertebrata together with the Tunicata, or all those having a dorsal nervous cord.
Example Sentences:
(1) All organisms tested responded to ether and short-chain alkanols, but pregnanolone affected only organisms belonging to the phylum Chordata.
(2) Creatine was found in tissues of all vertebrates examined, and in various invertebrates from phyla Annelida, Echinodermata, Hemichordata and Chordata, subphylum Cephalochordata.
(3) The Deuterostomia (the Hemichordata, Echinodermata and Chordata) evolved within the Bilateria by producing the mouth as a secondary perforation.
(4) Morphologic expressions resulting from nuclear transplantations between these two phyla (Echinodermata and Chordata) seemingly indicate functional interactions at a gene regulatory level.
(5) Neither amino acid was found in tissues from representative species of Porifera and Chordata.
(6) The activity of intestinal arginase was studied in 31 species belonging to the types Annelides, Arthropoda and Chordata.
(7) For example, in Chordata besides increase in number of germ layers, gastrulation also includes the formation of the axial germ complex.
(8) Chordata, Arthropoda and Nemathelminthes, are distinguishable as three separate lines of descent.
(9) The possibility to apply V. A. Dogel' 's ideas on the role of oligomerization and polymerization in science to the analysis of molecular evolution has been demonstrated with the analysis of DNA content in the genomes of Chordata taken as an example.
(10) Arginase was found to be present in the intestine in all species of Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata studied.
(11) Since prospective importance of blastocoele in low Chordata (convertion into gastrocoele) is different, a conclusion is made about incomplete homology of blastocoele in the animals mentioned.
(12) A heavy subunit with similar cross-reactivity has been detected in neurofilaments preparations from fishes, whereas more primitive Chordata possess a HMW polypeptide cross-reacting with only the M subunit.
(13) All organisms were anesthetized by diethyl ether and short chain alkanols, but pregnanolone affected only organisms belonging to the phylum Chordata.
(14) The epithelia of Enteropneusta are considered as an initial developmental stage of dermal and intestinal epithelia in phylogenic line of Hemichodata-Chordata.
(15) The Mollusca appear to be a monophyletic group, related to Arthropoda and Chordata in an unresolved trichotomy.