(n.) A peculiar rounded body lying near the nucleus of a cell. It is regarded as the dynamic element by means of which the machinery of cell division is organized.
Example Sentences:
(1) This apparent lack of centrosomal staining was not due to problems associated with penetration of the antibody probes, since staining adjacent to and within the centriolar cylinder was observed when phosphoprotein antigens recognized by the MPM-2 antibody were localized.
(2) Control-operated cells with centrosomes left in the karyoplast progress through the cell cycle, duplicate the centrosome, and form clonal cell colonies.
(3) PCC-kinetochores display a typical trilaminar morphology, associate with microtubules and show movement towards the centrosome.
(4) However, only a few proteins are extracted by these treatments and the centrosome ultrastructure is not affected.
(5) Two high titer sera were identified that reacted with HeLa, CHO, and PtK2 centrosomes by immunofluorescence, although the fluorescent patterns that were obtained using the two antisera were separate and distinct.
(6) They suggest that the centrosome cycle can be blocked when the centrioles are prevented from separating into a nonlinear configuration, a step which might be critical for the initiation of procentriole budding.
(7) The developmental sequence of events in marginal band formation entails microtubule nucleation at the centrosome, followed by microtubule elongation, consolidation of loose parallel microtubules into a compact bundle, and microtubule association with the cell membrane.
(8) This treatment allows observation of the stages of the centrosome cycle--separation, division, and bipolarization--while the chromosomes are arrested in metaphase.
(9) These results indicate that both microtubules and microfilaments may be involved in determining centrosome shape during the syncytial mitoses which lead to the formation of the blastoderm in early Drosophila embryos.
(10) Colocalization studies with MPM-2 revealed that centrosomes were always phosphorylated.
(11) The relationship of the centrosome in B. rubinellus to that in other organisms and the role of the cytoplasmic microtubules are discussed.
(12) (3) The functional loss of the maternal centrosome is not due to its cortical location.
(13) 2h after enucleation the centrosome structure in the cytoplasts did not differ from that in normal cells.
(14) Here we show that centrosomes inactivated by urea are functionally complemented in frog egg extracts.
(15) Cold treatment of embryos during the cellularization of the blastoderm results in marked fragmentation of the centrosomes, but nucleating capacity is preserved.
(16) The microtubules originated at prominent centrosomes located close to the apical surface of each cap nucleus.
(17) In addition control cells and cells heated at 45.5 degrees for 15 min were immediately subjected to a cell fractionation procedure that yielded partially purified centrosome preparations.
(18) This confirms a model in which, at prometaphase, fast probing centrosomal MTs are grabbed by the kinetochores, where tubulin incorporation then takes place.
(19) There was, however, a reduction of wound re-endothelialization and an associated reduction in the proportion of cells with centrosomes redistributed toward the wound edge.
(20) Remarkably mouse sperm do not appear to have the centrosomal antigen and instead centrosomes are found in the unfertilized oocyte.
Chromosome
Definition:
(n.) One of the minute bodies into which the chromatin of the nucleus is resolved during mitotic cell division; the idant of Weismann.
Example Sentences:
(1) In contrast, DNA polymerase alpha, the enzyme involved in chromosomal DNA replication, was relatively insensitive to CA1.
(2) Here we report that sperm from psr males fertilizes eggs, but that the paternal chromosomes are subsequently condensed into a chromatin mass before the first mitotic division of the egg and do not participate in further divisions.
(3) Clonal abnormalities involving chromosomes 3 and 21 were noted in two patients.
(4) Five probes of high specificity to individual chromosomes (chromosomes 3, 11, 17, 18 and X) were hybridized in situ to metaphase chromosomes of different individuals.
(5) The constitution of chromosomes in the two plasmacytomas remained remarkably stable in their homogeneous modal population.
(6) The data on mapping the episomal plasmid integration sites in yeast chromosomes I, III, IV, V, VII, XV are presented.
(7) The purpose of these studies was to better understand the molecular basis of chromosome aberration formation after mitomycin C treatment.
(8) Twelve families with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) were studied by linkage analysis using 10 polymorphic marker loci from the X-chromosome pericentromeric region.
(9) The effects of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides were investigated on the induction of chromosome aberrations in human peripheral lymphocyte cultures in vitro and in lymphocytes of exposed workers in vivo.
(10) Pituitary weight, mitotic index and chromosomes were studied in male rats following a single or repeated dose of estradiol-benzoate for a total period of 210 days.
(11) Alleles in this region can be exchanged between X and Y chromosomes and are therefore inherited as if autosomal.
(12) The haplotype of the recombinant X chromosome of each of 241 backcross progeny has been established using the X-linked anchor loci Otc, Hprt, Dmd, Pgk-1, and Amg and the additional probes DXSmh43 and Cbx-rs1.
(13) In the triploids, the 40 female chromosomes present (mouse, n = 20) were derived from a single diploid pronucleus formed after the extrusion of a first polar body, and following the monospermic fertilization of primary oocytes.
(14) The induction of cells with two Y chromosomes by nitrogen mustard (NM) was examined.
(15) Several investigators have attempted to correlate chromosomal abnormalities with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CLS), but none of them have been conclusive.
(16) The technique resolved chromosomes in the size range of 100 kb-1 Mb.
(17) A number of recurring chromosomal abnormalities have been identified in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
(18) Since the plasmid-cured strains did not contain DNA sequences homologous to plasmid DNA, the gene for the free-inclusion protein must be encoded in the chromosome.
(19) The gene, which is located at chromosome XIII, is transcribed as a mRNA of about 2.7 kilobases, and the amount of message has been found to increase 3- to 4-fold during the culture.
(20) The numerical chromosome values in 53 human tumors were determined and compared with the modal DNA values as measured by flow cytometry.