(n.) The larval form of a trematode worm having the shape of a tadpole, with its body terminated by a tail-like appendage.
Example Sentences:
(1) Between the 24th and 29th day mature daughter sporocysts with fully developed cercariae ready to emerge, or already emerged, could be seen in the digestive gland of the snail.
(2) The cercaria, microcercous in type, is liberated and actively penetrates a second terrestrial pulmonate where development to the free metacercarial stage takes place in the pericardial cavity.
(3) Low concentrations of cercaricides are toxic both for cercariae and parthenites from the liver of mollusks and for freely swimming cercariae.
(4) The cercariae shed from the snails were again exposed to several species of fresh water snails in order to observe metacercarial formation in the snails and their infectivity to final hosts.
(5) Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-ricin exhibited binding to schistosomula and adult worms, but not to cercariae or to freshly transformed schistosomula.
(6) Immunoreactivity is strong in cercariae, but is essentially absent in miracidia.
(7) Cercariae in anaerobiosis, however, excreted as much as 15 times more lactate than under air.
(8) Twenty-eight Friesland calves were infested at 7 to 11 months of age with 5 000-45 OOO cercariae of Schistosoma mattheei.
(9) In vitro blastogenic responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMN) to heterogeneous schistosome-derived antigens (eggs, SEA; adult worms, AW; and cercariae, CERC) were evaluated.
(10) Although vaccination of animals with these antigens does not result in consistent levels of protection exceeding 50%, the reproducible induction of about 80% protection with live attenuated cercariae indicates that immunization against schistosomiasis is achievable.
(11) The cercariae of the above species, recorded in Laos for the first time, are illustrated and their morphology is briefly described.
(12) Using the same mixture of cercariae, a Gelada baboon (Theropithecus gelada) could be infected by both schistosomes, but a dog was completely refractory.
(13) The model was then used to design a peptide inhibitor with 4-fold increased solubility, and a series of synthetic inhibitors were tested against live cercariae invading human skin to confirm that predictions of the model were also applicable in a biologic assay.
(14) Cystophorous cercariae from Retusa obtusa (Montagu) (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia, Retusidae) develop into adults of Brachyphallus crenatus (Rudolphi, 1802) Odhner, 1905 (Hemiuridae).
(15) Preliminary results indicated that immunization with attenuated cercariae was capable of imparting protective immunity in mice.
(16) From original observations and from data in the literature, a key to cercariae of British strigeoids for which life-cycles are known has been compiled.
(17) Results of the infection of golden hamsters with different dozes of cercariae have shown that with the increase of dozes of infectious material the infection rate of helminths rises during the experimental intestinal schistosomiasis only to a definite level, which is attained by the injection of cercariae into the portal vein in dozes lower than those used for subcutaneous infection.
(18) The comparison between several cercariae of Microphallidae parasites of Birds had allowed to separate the ciliary characters of the two genera Microphallus and Maritrema.
(19) Experiments were conducted on the duration of life in sea water of three species of cystophorous cercariae from the Barents sea.
(20) The higher susceptibility of B. glabrata results in greater power of penetration into mice tegument on the part of the cercariae.
Larva
Definition:
(n.) Any young insect from the time that it hatches from the egg until it becomes a pupa, or chrysalis. During this time it usually molts several times, and may change its form or color each time. The larvae of many insects are much like the adults in form and habits, but have no trace of wings, the rudimentary wings appearing only in the pupa stage. In other groups of insects the larvae are totally unlike the parents in structure and habits, and are called caterpillars, grubs, maggots, etc.
(n.) The early, immature form of any animal when more or less of a metamorphosis takes place, before the assumption of the mature shape.
Example Sentences:
(1) Larvae from fresh water eggs, cultured in fresh water and 'normal' laboratory cultures reached 50% infectivity in 3-5 days, losing potential infectivity in 11-15 days post-hatching.
(2) After treatment of larvae of instar 1 at preimago stages about 77% of the insects died.
(3) A total of 3,532 females of various engorged weights was collected from all calves, resulting in a mean female tick yield of 1.78% based on the number of larvae used for all infestations.
(4) Similar concentrations of free ecdysteroids were recorded in adults and larvae, although the two life cycle stages differed in their ratio of ecdysone: 20-hydroxyecdysone.
(5) Larvae of both mutants also excrete 3H-3-hydroxykynurenine and 3H-kynurenine rapidly, which probably accounts for the normal levels of kynurenine during larval life.
(6) Guinea pigs exposed to 200 and 400 H. truncatum larvae elicited the greatest change in feeding efficiency during the fourth infestation.
(7) In cultures of medium ML-15 containing a feeder layer of Dog Sarcoma (DS) cells larvae successfully moulted and showed a small but significant increase in length.
(8) The test is based on the ability of larvae to freely migrate through selected mesh sizes of nylon sieves and the reduced ability of larvae to migrate after preincubation with, and in the presence of, substances that inhibit or reduce larval motility.
(9) This study provides evidence for a maternal yolk factor associated with increased tolerance and resistance of larvae to copper.
(10) Human activity not only increases risk, but influences control by killing mosquito larvae, killing adult mosquitos or preventing mosquitos from feeding.
(11) Infected ticks were reared from larvae feeding on each of 11 rabbits taken from the same site.
(12) Histopathology examination from the margin of the ulcerative area confirmed the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma, which was infested secondarily with larvae of flies.
(13) Tolypocladium tundrense and T. terricola UV-irradiated conidia exhibited acute toxicity to Aedes aegypti larvae in concentrations of 5 x 10(5) and 5 x 10(6) ml-1, respectively.
(14) These products, as well as several synthetic intermediates, were evaluated for antifilarial activity against Molinema dessetae either in vivo in its natural host, the rodent Proechimys oris, or in vitro by a new test using cultures of the infective larvae.
(15) However, mosquitoes infected with more than 4 larvae became more active than uninfected mosquitoes 8 days after infection.
(16) Metabolism of carbaryl by the fat body is affected by the age of the larva, the pH of the incubation medium, and the concentration of magnesium chloride in the incubation medium.
(17) The mutant larvae are apparently normal, but they harbor serious defects in the organs containing proliferating cells of both somatic and germ line origins.
(18) Changes in haemolymph juvenile hormone (JH) concentrations of larvae of the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella, were used to estimate the activity of the corpora allata.
(19) Statistical analysis has shown the following: a) the growth inhibition, which is especially distinct in autumn-spring generation, takes place in the Ist instar larvae 1.76-2.20 mm long inhabiting the walls of the nasal cavity and concha (their average body length at hatching is 1.08 plus or minus 0.004 mm); the inhibition is associated with interpopulation relations and apparently does not depend on the date of its beginning and can last from 6 to 7 months; c) after the growth resumption the development continues uninterruptedly up to the moulting; the inhibition is also possible at the beginning of the 2nd instar and then the development proceeds without any intervals up to the complete maturation of larvae.
(20) It is present throughout development and is as abundant in embryos as in larvae and adult flies.