(1) Mebendazole can be used against numerous nematode-infections (Ascariasis, Trichuriasis, Oxyuriasis, Ancylostomiasis), Niclosamide against cestode-infections (Taeniasis, Hymenolepiasis, Diphyllobothriasis), whereas, Praziquantel is applied against trematode-infections.
(2) The ecological and evolutionary relationships behind the patterns found for larval cestodes are discussed.
(3) Over 60 forms of parasites were found out as follows: three species of blood parasites, 12 species of Coccidia, 8 species of cestodes, 12 species of nematodes, one species of Acanthocephalus, three species of chigger mites, 15 species of gamasid mites, 6 species of ixodid ticks, fleas and lice.
(4) Cestode infections include diphyllobothriasis transmitted by both fresh water fish and fish from brackish waters.
(5) Hymenolepis nana (von Siebold, 1852), the dwarf tapeworm causing hymenolepiasis, has been reported to be the common intestinal cestode of rodents and man throughout the world.
(6) This 83% average reduction in the prevalence of the larval cestode within the village reflects a corresponding reduction in the risk of acquiring by the residents of the village.
(7) Two nematode species, one acanthocephalan species, and unidentified cestodes were recovered from a total of 481 northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) collected from January 1982 to December 1983 in southern Texas.
(8) The only recent reports of cestode studies in these countries have been on reports of new species in animals and on prevalence rates of cestode parasites in humans; Taenia solium and cysticercosis, Taenia saginata and Hymenolepis nana, etc.
(9) The complex epidemiology of cestode diseases is another research subject that has benefited from the successful application of the tools of biotechnology.
(10) Other cestodes, Spirometra erinacei and Taenia saginata, used as controls showed quite different restriction fragment patterns with all the enzymes used.
(11) The larval flea diet had a small effect on the subsequent cestode development and the adult fleas' reaction to it.
(12) Research towards developing serological tests for the diagnosis of larval cestode infection in animals has been largely unsuccessful.
(13) Hymenolepis macrorchida (Kotlan, 1921), a cestode of New Guinea parrots, possessing a small number (3 to 4) of testicles, belonging to the family Hymenolepididae to which it has been assigned for more than half of the century, is transferred to the family Davaineidae and designated as Idiogenoides macrorchida (Kotlan, 1921) comb.
(14) Heterogeneity of the worm body in respect to transport processes and their dependence on the physiological state of cestodes are discovered.
(15) A single, low oral or subcutaneous dose of the compound is reliably effective against all tested juvenile and adult cestodes in cats, dogs and sheep.
(16) In common with other taeniid cestodes, host or host-like proteins, especially immunoglobulins, occur on the surface and in the cyst fluid of Taenia crassiceps metacestodes.
(17) Clelandia seems to confirm that the genus Parvitaenia is a nucleus of evolutionary radiation among cestodes of the Ciconiiformes, with peculiar traits in the Australian region, and that it isn't a homogeneous unit.
(18) The helminth epidermis, or tegument, plays important roles in protection and nutrient acquisition; cestodes, in fact, completely lack a gastrointestinal tract and absorb all nutritive material through the tegument.
(19) Of 197 foxes examined by autopsy, 22 harboured cestodes: two (1.02%) had E. granulosus, nine (4.57%) T. polyacantha, eight (4.06%) T. pisiformis, two (1.02%) T. serialis, one (0.51%) D. caninum and one (0.51%) Mesocestoides sp.
(20) Ninety-seven farms had at least one infected dog, and cestodes were found in 161 of the 882 dogs examined.
Tapeworm
Definition:
(n.) Any one of numerous species of cestode worms belonging to Taenia and many allied genera. The body is long, flat, and composed of numerous segments or proglottids varying in shape, those toward the end of the body being much larger and longer than the anterior ones, and containing the fully developed sexual organs. The head is small, destitute of a mouth, but furnished with two or more suckers (which vary greatly in shape in different genera), and sometimes, also, with hooks for adhesion to the walls of the intestines of the animals in which they are parasitic. The larvae (see Cysticercus) live in the flesh of various creatures, and when swallowed by another animal of the right species develop into the mature tapeworm in its intestine. See Illustration in Appendix.
Example Sentences:
(1) The plerocercoid stage of the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides produces a functional analog of human growth hormone (hGH).
(2) The drug of choice against all kinds of tapeworms is Niclosamide.
(3) Untreated control dogs did not shed tapeworms of either species during a 3-day period of posttreatment fecal collections, but did have tapeworms at the time of necropsy.
(4) Hymenolepis nana (von Siebold, 1852), the dwarf tapeworm causing hymenolepiasis, has been reported to be the common intestinal cestode of rodents and man throughout the world.
(5) The anthelmintic effects of anti-tapeworm drugs, bithionol, paromomycin sulphate, flubendazole and mebendazole on immature and mature Hymenolepis nana in mice were compared.
(6) Infection in humans or animals by the common tapeworm of dogs and cats (Dipylidium caninum) requires ingestion of the intermediate host, the dog or cat flea containing the larva (cysticercoids) of the agent.
(7) The diphyllobothriid tapeworms are primarily restricted to the northern Canada.
(8) One hundred and seven 4-quinolinehydrazones were synthesized and tested in vivo against the tapeworm Hymenolepis nana.
(9) When the oncosphere of H. nana undergoes differentiation and development into the mature tapeworm, the infected mouse first produces anti-oncosphere antibody, followed by anti-cysticercoid, anti-adult scolex and finally anti-strobila (other than scolex region) antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes as detected by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test.
(10) Factor analysis grouped the variables considered into 5 factors: the first was associated with veterinary assistance; the second with the animal's function and the presence of whipworms, hookworms and tapeworms; the third with cohabitation, origin and presence of coccidia; the fourth with the presence of fresh meat (cooked, raw or frozen) in the diet, age and positivity for ascarids; the fifth with sex and the presence of gastroenteric conditions.
(11) H. citelli was also shown to be expelled simultaneously during the rejection phase of H. diminuta in concurrent infections, indicating the susceptibility of the former tapeworm to the rejection mechanism initiated by the latter.
(12) The cytological structure of the tegument of H. nana corresponds in general to that of other tapeworms.
(13) The development of the tapeworm Khawia sinensis has been observed up to the stage of sexually mature parasites releasing eggs in an experimentally infected definitive host (Cyprinus carpio) at 15-16 degrees C. Juvenile, maturing, adult and gravid tapeworms were found 2-12, 19-24, 36-62, and 78-91 days post infection, respectively.
(14) Antigens of Taenia solium can be demonstrated by ELISA technique in stool samples of tapeworm carriers.
(15) However, immunocytochemically distinct subpopulations of perikarya and regionally defined areas of ectocytoplasm were identified along the tapeworm strobila by the use of monoclonal antibodies raised against a preparation of isolated tegument.
(16) An evaluation of possible predisposing factors provided further evidence of the important role of the tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata in initiating intussusception involving the ileum and caecum.
(17) Eggs of a tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium sp (probably D dendriticum), were detected in feces of a healthy, 5-month-old, Siberian Husky.
(18) These results were similar to other studies with different geographic strains of the T. saginata-like tapeworm in the Far East.
(19) The drug was found to be highly toxic to tapeworms.
(20) Mean villus height, crypt depth and the number of 5-HT-positive enterochromaffin (EC) cells have been examined in two regions of the small intestine (20-30% and 60-70% distance from the pylorus) of male, 6 to 8-week-old, C57 mice following a 5-cysticercoid infection of the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta.