(n.) A series of links or rings, usually of metal, connected, or fitted into one another, used for various purposes, as of support, of restraint, of ornament, of the exertion and transmission of mechanical power, etc.
(n.) That which confines, fetters, or secures, as a chain; a bond; as, the chains of habit.
(n.) A series of things linked together; or a series of things connected and following each other in succession; as, a chain of mountains; a chain of events or ideas.
(n.) An instrument which consists of links and is used in measuring land.
(n.) Iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels.
(n.) The warp threads of a web.
(v. t.) To fasten, bind, or connect with a chain; to fasten or bind securely, as with a chain; as, to chain a bulldog.
(v. t.) To keep in slavery; to enslave.
(v. t.) To unite closely and strongly.
(v. t.) To measure with the chain.
(v. t.) To protect by drawing a chain across, as a harbor.
Example Sentences:
(1) We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the breakpoint area of alpha-thalassemia-1 of Southeast Asia type and several parts of the alpha-globin gene cluster to make a differential diagnosis between alpha-thalassemia-1 and Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis.
(2) In addition, DDT blocked succinate dehydrogenase and the cytochrome b-c span of the electron transport chain, which also secondarily reduced ATP synthesis.
(3) The high transition enthalpy for kerasin is ascribed to a lesser accommodation of gauche conformers in the hydrocarbon chains just below the transition temperature.
(4) Mannose receptor mediated uptake by the reticuloendothelial system has been suggested as an explanation for the rapid removal of ricin A chain antibody conjugates from the circulation after their administration.
(5) We have examined overlapping octapeptides from the kappa IIIb light chain variable region and show that some framework peptides have the ability to bind aggregated IgG.
(6) The Tyr side chain had two conformations of comparable energy, one over the ring between the Gln and Asn side chains, and the other with the Tyr side chain away from the ring.
(7) The lineage and clonality of Hodgkin's disease (HD) were investigated by analyzing the organization of the immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor beta-chain (T beta) gene loci in 18 cases of HD, and for comparison, in a panel of 103 cases of B- and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) and lymphoid leukemias (LLs).
(8) Only those derivatives with a free amino group and net positive charge in the side chain were effective.
(9) Approximately 90% of the patients have a lambda light chain myeloma protein and almost all patients excrete Bence-Jones protein.
(10) The reducing equivalents could be donated by formate or NADH through some segment of the membrane respiratory chain.
(11) Thus there may be four types of LPS in PACI: one contains unsubstituted core polysaccharide and yields L2 on acid hydrolysis, another has short antigenic side-chains of the SR type and yields the LI fraction, while the two high molecular weight fractions are derived from core polysaccharides with different side-chains.
(12) The seve polypeptide chains investigated had generalyy similar properties; all contained two residues per molecule of tryptophan and N-acetylserine was the common N-terminal amino acid residue.
(13) Urine specimens from patient REE also contained a light chain fragment that lacked the first (amino-terminal) 85 residues of the native light chain but otherwise was identical in sequence to the light chain REE.
(14) Peptide:N-glycosidase F removed both the asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains of ricin B-chain in the absence of lactose.
(15) When labelled long-chain fatty acids or glycerol were infused into the lactating goat, there was extensive transfer of radioactivity into milk in spite of the absence of net uptake of substrate by the mammary gland.
(16) In general, optimal DAGAT activity in vitro was observed when long-chain unsaturated acyl-CoAs and diacylglycerols (DAGs) containing long acyl chains were used as substrates for in vitro TAG synthesis (although 1,2-didecanoin was also very effective).
(17) The canine system allows quantitative separation of native heme containing alpha and beta chains which recombine to for tetrameric hemoglobin with normal functional properties (n = 2.17).
(18) The product of this enzymatic hydrolysis was F420 with one less glutamic acid in the side chain.
(19) The present study deals with 832 ossicular chain reconstruction procedures performed in 655 patients from January 1975 to December 1985.
(20) On the other hand, if we correct for the population of HMM with degraded light chain 2, the difference in the binding constants in the presence and absence of Ca2+ may be as great as 5-fold.
Cyclic
Definition:
(a.) Alt. of Cyclical
Example Sentences:
(1) Combinations of maximum amounts of glucagon and the cyclic nucleotide did not produce a greater effect than either agent alone.
(2) Oculomotor paresis with cyclic spasms is a rare syndrome, usually noticeable at birth or developing during the first year of life.
(3) Cyclic AMP stimulated phosphorylation by [gamma-32P]ATP of two proteins of apparent Mr = 20,000 and 7,000 that were concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum, but the stimulation was markedly dependent on the presence of added soluble cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.
(4) Content of cyclic nucleoside monophosphates was decreased in all the eye tissues in experimental toxico-allergic uveitis as well as penetration of cAMP into the fluid of anterior chamber of the eye.
(5) This study was designed to investigate the localization and cyclic regulation of the mRNA for these two IGFBPs in the porcine ovary, RNA was extracted from whole ovaries morphologically classified as immature, preovulatory, and luteal.
(6) These effects are similar to those reported for AVP and phorbol esters, activators of protein kinase C. Forskolin and isoproterenol, which induce cAMP accumulation, activated extractable topoisomerase II (maximum 5-15 min after treatment), but not topoisomerase I. Permeable cyclic nucleotide analogs dBcAMP and 8BrcGMP selectively activated extractable topoisomerase II and topoisomerase I activities, respectively.
(7) In addition, the guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate accumulation response was less impressive in glomeruli than the guanylate cyclase response in IMCD tissue.
(8) It is suggested that the normal cyclical release of LH is inhibited in PCO disease by a negative feedback by androgens to the hypothalamus or the pituitary, and that wedge resection should be reserved for patients in whom other forms of treatment have failed.
(9) Significant increases in acid secretion were observed without changes in cyclic nucleotides.
(10) But the wounding charge in 2010 has become Brown's creation of a structural hole in the budget, more serious than the cyclical hit which the recession made in tax receipts, at least 4% of GDP.
(11) In this case, actinomycin D does not block the reinduction of N-acetyltransferase by isoproterenol or by dibutyryl cyclic AMP.
(12) From the biochemical markers in follicular fluid, cyclic adenosine monophosphate has a distinct predictive value in regard to pregnancy in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles.
(13) Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) treatment of Neuro 2A neuroblastoma cells induces cell differentiation and neurite outgrowth.
(14) Inhibition of thymidine uptake is attributed to an observed decrease in thymidine kinase activity caused by growth in 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP, and possibly to a simultaneous alteration in membrane permeability.
(15) Substances with a leaving group at the C-3 position form unsaturated conjugated cyclic adducts and are mutagenic only in the His D3052 frameshift strains with an intact excision repair system (no urvA mutation).
(16) Human GH did not alter basal cyclic AMP levels in mouse osteoblasts.
(17) The study of cellular cyclic AMP level in response to extracellular adenosine stimulation in dividing cells and quiescent cells showed that cells in defined medium had a lower extent of response to adenosine compared to cells cultured in serum-containing medium.
(18) The cyclical nature of pyromania has parallels in cycles of reform in standards of civil commitment (Livermore, Malmquist & Meehl, 1958; Dershowitz, 1974), in the use of physical therapies and medications (Tourney, 1967; Mora, 1974), in treatment of the chronically mentally ill (Deutsch, 1949; Morrissey & Goldman, 1984), and in institutional practices (Treffert, 1967; Morrissey, Goldman & Klerman (1980).
(19) This conclusion is based on the following evidence: (a) Ca(2+) stimulated hydrolysis of cyclic GMP by fraction II more than that of cyclic AMP.
(20) An efficient numerical algorithm based on the cyclic coordinate search method to solve the latter is explained.