What's the difference between challis and surname?
Challis
Definition:
(n.) A soft and delicate woolen, or woolen and silk, fabric, for ladies' dresses.
Example Sentences:
(1) Cell walls isolated from competent streptococci (group H strain Challis) were shown to bind more homologous and heterologous deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) than noncompetent walls.
(2) Stable auxotrophic mutants of a group H streptococcus (strain Challis) were isolated on a modified Mickelson defined medium after exposure to N-methyl- N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
(3) And an ability of these GTases to enhance cellular attachment of oral streptococci was investigated using 3H labeled resting cells of S. sanguis Challis and S. milleri Is 57.
(4) A mutation (ery-r8) conferring a high level of resistance to erythromycin in the Challis strain of Streptoccus sanguis can be transferred to wild-type erythromycin-sensitive recipients via single molecules of donor DNA.
(5) Besides the competence factor (cpf), the activity of nuclease present in cell surface extracts (iF) is most likely necessary for the occurrence of competence in transformation of Challis strain and other group H streptococci.
(6) Chemically defined media for competence factor (CF) production by group H Streptococcus strain Challis-6 are described.
(7) P. gingivalis 381, W50, JKG7, and 33277 adhered to S. sanguis G9B, M5, Challis 6, and 38.
(8) Group H streptococci (strain Challis) which are competent for transformation release a bacteriocin into liquid medium which is bacteriocidal for another group H streptococcus (strain Wicky).
(9) Immune globulins against competent cells of group H streptococci, strains Challis and Wicky, inhibited genetic transformation to streptomycin resistance when added to competent cultures.
(10) Antibodies against the three endonucleases of the Challis strain do not block the occurrence of competence.
(11) Seventeen strains of group H streptococci were tested for their ability to develop competence for genetic transformation, either spontaneously or with the addition of competence factor derived from strain Challis supernatant fluids, and for their ability to autolyze.
(12) The M6 protein of Streptococcus pyogenes was expressed on the cell surface and secreted in Streptococcus gordonii Challis (formerly Streptococcus sanguis) after chromosomal integration of a promoterless M6 protein gene (emm-6.1).
(13) Increasing the [Na+] reduced GTF production by S. sanguis strains Challis and NCTC 7865, and by Streptococcus sobrinus, but not by Streptococcus salivarius.
(14) A UK remake is reportedly on the way, which in my opinion is redundant, although it does boast a fine cast including Pauline Quirke and John Challis.
(15) CF preparations (culture filtrates from competent group H streptococcus strain Challis) were either heated or partially purified to remove a bacteriocin.
(16) The Smr and Emr determinants were cloned from cellular DNA on the self-replicating 5-kilobase-pair (kbp) EcoRI fragment of pAM beta 1 and the 4.2-kbp cryptic plasmid pVA380-1, respectively, by transformation of Streptococcus sanguis Challis.
(17) The presence of a competence factor (CF) in the culture filtrate of strain Challis was confirmed.
(18) The gene of Streptococcus pyogenes erythrogenic toxin type A (speA) has been previously cloned in Streptococcus sanguis (Challis) and produces extracellular erythrogenic toxin type A (ET A).
(19) 1965.-The highly transformable group H Streptococcus strain Challis produced an exocellular competence-provoking enzyme capable of converting to the state of competency incompetent cells of the homologous strain, and of the very poorly transformable strain Wicky.
(20) d-Cycloserine (d-CS), a selective inhibitor of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis, inhibited transformation in group H streptococcus, strain Challis, by preventing the development of the competent state.
Surname
Definition:
(n.) A name or appellation which is added to, or over and above, the baptismal or Christian name, and becomes a family name.
(n.) An appellation added to the original name; an agnomen.
(v. t.) To name or call by an appellation added to the original name; to give a surname to.
Example Sentences:
(1) After excluding isonymous matings the chi-square values for unique and nonunique surname pairs remained significant for both religious groups.
(2) 7.20pm BST An email from Artie Prendergast-Smith This could be a long night of long surnames.
(3) However, the overall pattern of results for rare surnames showed a measure of agreement with what is already known of the genetics of twinning.
(4) Yassine, who declined to provide his surname, is the son of a Parisian jewellery designer and a "not that famous" French artist.
(5) Both the father and mothers' surnames are passed on in Spain and Spanish-speaking countries, but the father's name is more often used day-to-day.
(6) The program kept asking what my surname at birth was - annoying, since, despite getting married in 1994, I've had the same surname all my life.
(7) Because many Southern California Indians have Spanish Surnames and most do not reside on an Indian reservation it is shown that the suicide statistics may represent an over-estimation of actual Mexican-American suicidal deaths while simultaneously representing an under-estimation of the suicides among American Indians of the region.
(8) Her fellow tenants at 28 Barbary Lane, Mona Ramsey and Brian Hawkins had surnames drawn from my Southern father's self-published family history.
(9) My surname, though, is so late in the alphabet that I'm normally one of the "62 others".
(10) There was a convergence of Spanish surname rates toward the other White rates for nearly all sites, regardless of whether other Whites showed increasing, decreasing, or stable rates.
(11) Great news for Arsenal fans, who, if the summer transfer of Mesut Özil was anything to go by, love nothing more than to pull people up on the internet for accidentally forgetting to add diacritics to people's surnames.
(12) The following March, it was ceremonially opened by none other than Tony Blair, who was presented with a Middlesbrough FC shirt bearing his surname.
(13) But it clashed with other things.” Asked what his reaction would be now, he said: “I’d jump at it.” Blessed – who is also fondly remembered for another sci-fi role, appearing as Prince Vultan in the movie Flash Gordon – appeared to be a little confused about the Doctor’s surname, inaccurately suggesting the “Who” of the title was actually the character.
(14) To some the disadvantages of having a famous surname can be almost as significant as the advantages.
(15) On the example of 7 populations of the regional level allowability of using surnames with frequencies exceeding 0.001 in adequate estimation of the population structure indices is shown.
(16) Since given names show none of the localisation seen in surnames, the surname geography is ascribable to genetic rather than cultural factors of personal naming.
(17) Eponymous syndrome nomenclature now includes the names of literary characters, patients' surnames, subjects of famous paintings, famous persons, geographic locations, institutions, biblical figures, and mythological characters.
(18) This study examined the correlations between academic achievement and factor specific, as well as global, measures of self-concept for 314 fourth and sixth grade boys and girls divided into grade level groups with and without Spanish surnames.
(19) Valid contrast studies were possible in only one region within the city for all three groups and in six regions for white excluding Spanish-surnamed and nonwhite.
(20) Born in July 1954, Christopher Murray Paul-Huhne (his surname until he went to Oxford) has always been something of a Marmite politician, attracting both loyalty and affection, as well as brickbats and disdain.