(a.) Pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry; as, chemical changes; chemical combinations.
(n.) A substance used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.
Example Sentences:
(1) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(2) Stimulation of human leukocytes with various chemical mediators such as TPA, f-Met-Leu-Phe, LTB4, etc.
(3) This suggested that the chemical effects produced by shock waves were either absent or attenuated in the cells, or were inherently less toxic than those of ionizing irradiation.
(4) At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent.
(5) The absorption of ingested Pb is modified by its chemical and physical form, by interaction with dietary minerals and lipids and by the nutritional status of the individual.
(6) Changes in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were followed and intracellular pH (pHi) was estimated from the chemical shift of Pi.
(7) Maximal aberration yields were observed for 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene and cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside from 17 to 21 h, eugenol from 15 to 21 h, cadmium sulfate from 15 to 24 h and 2-aminobiphenyl, from 17 to 24 h. For adriamycin at 1 microM, the % aberrant cells remained elevated throughout the period from 9 to 29 h, while small increases at 0.1 microM ADR were found only at 13 and at 25 h. For most chemicals the maximal aberration yield occurred at a different time for each concentration tested.
(8) 2.39pm BST The European Union called for a "thorough and immediate" investigation of the alleged chemical attack.
(9) "With hyperspectral imaging, you can tell the chemical content of a cake just by taking a photo of it.
(10) The deactivated columns had the residual silanols on the silica gel chemically inactivated to reduce the interaction with basic groups or analytes.
(11) A sperm whale myoglobin gene containing multiple unique restriction sites has been constructed in pUC 18 by sequential assembly of chemically synthesized oligonucleotide fragments.
(12) On the basis of obtained data on the uniformity of chemical compounds of the secretion of glands belonging to different groups their common origin has been suggested.
(13) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
(14) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(15) We investigated this suppression quantitatively, using a chemical assay for cell-bound and dissolved capsular polysaccharide.
(16) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(17) They included lectins such as wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin, and a chemical cross-linker, glutaraldehyde, in addition to anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies, HIEI and H-47.
(18) The reduction of such potentials can be explained in terms of collision between the antidromic volleys and those elicited orthodromically by chemical and thermic stimulation.
(19) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(20) The use of gaseous insecticides in the chemical control of T. infestans is discussed.
Humus
Definition:
(n.) That portion of the soil formed by the decomposition of animal or vegetable matter. It is a valuable constituent of soils.
Example Sentences:
(1) Removal of humus by anionic exchange is a potential process for small waterworks in Norway.
(2) The partition coefficient (Kp) of BaP to the humus content of the water was determined by an equilibrium dialysis technique.
(3) The humus synthesis processes were most active in the wheat and lucerne plots, they were less effective in the fallow and virgin soils.
(4) Naturally occurring humic substances are particular chemical compounds which are found in humus.
(5) The bioaccumulation of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) into Daphnia magna from two natural humic waters (one lake water and one bog water), and two humus preparations (Nordic Reference fulvic acid (Nordic FA) and a lyophilized concentrate) of the same aquatic origin was measured by using several dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations for each sample.
(6) The application of humus had a positive effect on grain and straw yield of paddy and the yield increased with the increasing concentration of humus.
(7) When bacterial cells were counted daily in humus-gleisolic soil, their number did not depend on time if the soil was incubated for five days.
(8) At present such a custom is very rare owing the chemical pollution of sewage continuously increasing; but in some countries it is still in use, and is our opinion and experience that organic waste material must be reused as fertilizer of land, more and more devoid of humus and subject to erosion of winds and waters.
(9) "Organic" or "organically grown" foods are commonly represented as "food grown without pesticides; grown without artificial fertilizers; grown in soil whose humus content is increased by the additions of organic matter; grown in soil whose mineral content is increased with applications of natural mineral fertilizers; has not been treated with preservatives, hormones, antibiotics etc."
(10) As pH is decreasing, the physical and chemical properties of humus change.
(11) Four PAH compounds, fluorene, anthracene, fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were dissolved in humus poor (lake) and humus rich water.
(12) The rate of biological nitrogen fixation was determined by the acetylene technique in soils and on the roots of orange, mandarin and lemon trees growing in red, yellow, podzolic, alluvial brown forest, and humus-calcareous soils.
(13) In all four samples, an increase in humus concentration decreased the bioavailability of BaP in a logarithmic manner.
(14) His deep commitment to the freedom of the human spirit is reflected in his actions as well as artistic creations.” • This article was amended on 8 September 2016 to clarify that Eno’s music was replaced; the dance piece Humus was not withdrawn entirely.
(15) Chlorinated fluorene, fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were formed during chlorination of PAH polluted lake water, but not during chlorination of the humus rich water samples.
(16) In soils with native organic matter (humus) the rate of sulfate reduction was very low; it slightly increased with increased clay content of the soils.
(17) Root nodulation, growth and yield of gram crop were appreciably increased due to humus application.
(18) The fertilizer content and humus value of such wastes are useful for agricultural purposes, and the recycling of sewage onto the land eliminates many of our stream pollution problems.
(19) From humus obtained from Stuttgart, a bacterium was isolated with lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) as selective source of carbon.
(20) The maximum nitrogen fixation (48--51 kg N per hectare) was found in red and humus-calcareous soils of orange plantations.