(a.) Pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry; as, chemical changes; chemical combinations.
(n.) A substance used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.
Example Sentences:
(1) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(2) Stimulation of human leukocytes with various chemical mediators such as TPA, f-Met-Leu-Phe, LTB4, etc.
(3) This suggested that the chemical effects produced by shock waves were either absent or attenuated in the cells, or were inherently less toxic than those of ionizing irradiation.
(4) At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent.
(5) The absorption of ingested Pb is modified by its chemical and physical form, by interaction with dietary minerals and lipids and by the nutritional status of the individual.
(6) Changes in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were followed and intracellular pH (pHi) was estimated from the chemical shift of Pi.
(7) Maximal aberration yields were observed for 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene and cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside from 17 to 21 h, eugenol from 15 to 21 h, cadmium sulfate from 15 to 24 h and 2-aminobiphenyl, from 17 to 24 h. For adriamycin at 1 microM, the % aberrant cells remained elevated throughout the period from 9 to 29 h, while small increases at 0.1 microM ADR were found only at 13 and at 25 h. For most chemicals the maximal aberration yield occurred at a different time for each concentration tested.
(8) 2.39pm BST The European Union called for a "thorough and immediate" investigation of the alleged chemical attack.
(9) "With hyperspectral imaging, you can tell the chemical content of a cake just by taking a photo of it.
(10) The deactivated columns had the residual silanols on the silica gel chemically inactivated to reduce the interaction with basic groups or analytes.
(11) A sperm whale myoglobin gene containing multiple unique restriction sites has been constructed in pUC 18 by sequential assembly of chemically synthesized oligonucleotide fragments.
(12) On the basis of obtained data on the uniformity of chemical compounds of the secretion of glands belonging to different groups their common origin has been suggested.
(13) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
(14) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(15) We investigated this suppression quantitatively, using a chemical assay for cell-bound and dissolved capsular polysaccharide.
(16) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(17) They included lectins such as wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin, and a chemical cross-linker, glutaraldehyde, in addition to anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies, HIEI and H-47.
(18) The reduction of such potentials can be explained in terms of collision between the antidromic volleys and those elicited orthodromically by chemical and thermic stimulation.
(19) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(20) The use of gaseous insecticides in the chemical control of T. infestans is discussed.
Rubidium
Definition:
(n.) A rare metallic element. It occurs quite widely, but in small quantities, and always combined. It is isolated as a soft yellowish white metal, analogous to potassium in most of its properties. Symbol Rb. Atomic weight, 85.2.
Example Sentences:
(1) Potassium or rubidium replaces the extruded intracellular sodium.
(2) In addition to the colicin Ia-induced rapid efflux of preloaded rubidium, sodium, phosphate, or choline from liposomes, a slower efflux of preloaded sucrose or glucose 6-phosphate occurs.
(3) Clinical studies of the effects of rubidium ions on the course of manic-depressive illness are reported.
(4) In rubidium Ringer solution at pH 7.4 the membrane conductance fell as the inside of the fibre was made more negative, in a manner consistent with the predictions of the constant field theory.4.
(5) That the reaction between tuberculin and platelets is a lytic one was evidenced by observing the release of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactic dehydrogenase and efflux of rubidium-86.
(6) Monotonic decreases in ambulation after tetrabenazine were not significantly affected in the rubidium-treated animals though the decreases were sometimes preceded by slight increases and recovery from the decrement tended to be more rapid.
(7) Rubidium-86 uptake into intact synaptosomes is an active process and is inhibited by approximately 75% in the presence of the Na+,K+-ATPase inhibitor acetylstrophanthidin.
(8) The cardiac output and renal blood flow were determined by the adaptation of the rubidium-86 method of Sapirstein.
(9) Order of effectiveness with 1 molar solutions of monovalent cations is as follows: potassium, rubidium > sodium, ammonium > cesium, lithium.
(10) Thy hypothesis that rubidium is an important lithogenic element is formulated.
(11) We determined the iron, zinc, selenium, rubidium, and cesium concentrations in serum and packed blood cells by instrumental neutron activation analysis without chemical separations.
(12) The study of the hepatic tissue of the sacrificed rats evidenced that oral administration of mineral water followed in an hour by hepatic galvanization results in a significant elevation of hepatic content of labelled sulphur and rubidium, whereas the level of labelled sodium remained unchanged.
(13) The purpose of this study was to compare rubidium-82 PET with thallium-201 SPECT imaging in 150 patients.
(14) Total plasma concentrations of bromine, copper, rubidium, selenium and zinc were measured in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) of 5-20 weeks of age, using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometry technique.
(15) The rubidium efflux response to these same drugs is insensitive to any of these changes in the external medium.3.
(16) spectroscopy to measure rubidium concentrations in the skeletal muscle of live intact rats.
(17) Renal clearance and electron microprobe methods were used 1) to elucidate the effects of chronic rubidium administration on potassium transport and 2) to localize, by the use of amiloride in acute experiments, the tubule site of interaction between rubidium and potassium.
(18) If LiCl is replaced by rubidium chloride (RbCl) at the same dose, the hyperactivity following Tc is increased and it appears within 2 hrs.
(19) They also were shown to increase sodium influx and to decrease rubidium influx in monocyte preparations obtained from human blood.
(20) Potassium ion could be replaced by rubidium and cesium ions but not by lithium or sodium ions.