What's the difference between chemical and stoichiometry?
Chemical
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry; as, chemical changes; chemical combinations.
(n.) A substance used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.
Example Sentences:
(1) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(2) Stimulation of human leukocytes with various chemical mediators such as TPA, f-Met-Leu-Phe, LTB4, etc.
(3) This suggested that the chemical effects produced by shock waves were either absent or attenuated in the cells, or were inherently less toxic than those of ionizing irradiation.
(4) At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent.
(5) The absorption of ingested Pb is modified by its chemical and physical form, by interaction with dietary minerals and lipids and by the nutritional status of the individual.
(6) Changes in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were followed and intracellular pH (pHi) was estimated from the chemical shift of Pi.
(7) Maximal aberration yields were observed for 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene and cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside from 17 to 21 h, eugenol from 15 to 21 h, cadmium sulfate from 15 to 24 h and 2-aminobiphenyl, from 17 to 24 h. For adriamycin at 1 microM, the % aberrant cells remained elevated throughout the period from 9 to 29 h, while small increases at 0.1 microM ADR were found only at 13 and at 25 h. For most chemicals the maximal aberration yield occurred at a different time for each concentration tested.
(8) 2.39pm BST The European Union called for a "thorough and immediate" investigation of the alleged chemical attack.
(9) "With hyperspectral imaging, you can tell the chemical content of a cake just by taking a photo of it.
(10) The deactivated columns had the residual silanols on the silica gel chemically inactivated to reduce the interaction with basic groups or analytes.
(11) A sperm whale myoglobin gene containing multiple unique restriction sites has been constructed in pUC 18 by sequential assembly of chemically synthesized oligonucleotide fragments.
(12) On the basis of obtained data on the uniformity of chemical compounds of the secretion of glands belonging to different groups their common origin has been suggested.
(13) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
(14) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(15) We investigated this suppression quantitatively, using a chemical assay for cell-bound and dissolved capsular polysaccharide.
(16) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(17) They included lectins such as wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin, and a chemical cross-linker, glutaraldehyde, in addition to anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies, HIEI and H-47.
(18) The reduction of such potentials can be explained in terms of collision between the antidromic volleys and those elicited orthodromically by chemical and thermic stimulation.
(19) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(20) The use of gaseous insecticides in the chemical control of T. infestans is discussed.
Stoichiometry
Definition:
(n.) The art or process of calculating the atomic proportions, combining weights, and other numerical relations of chemical elements and their compounds.
Example Sentences:
(1) This formalism allows resolution of the intrinsic protein folding-unfolding parameters (enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity changes) as well as the ligand interaction parameters (binding stoichiometry, enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity changes).
(2) Dose-response curves obtained with a holding potential of -140 mV were best fitted by 2:1 stoichiometry in all three drugs and were shifted in the direction of lower concentrations when a holding potential of -90 mV was used.
(3) Evidence is also presented which indicates that the functional group responsible for the increase in proton:proline stoichiometry has a pK of approximately 6.8.
(4) Allowing for a 1:1 binding stoichiometry the binding proteins themselves had mean mol wts of 57,000 and 69,300.
(5) The stoichiometry of Rb+ occluded per phosphorylation site is 2.
(6) Analysis of our and earlier published data showed the correlation of the delta SA1 parameter with the stoichiometry of complexes.
(7) The subunits were present in a 1:1 ratio, suggesting a hexameric stoichiometry for the native molecule.
(8) The stoichiometry of the subunits in the holoenzyme is 1:1.
(9) A.1 m6A: 2 BU stoichiometry was clearly indicated over a wide range of ionic strengths at neutral pH, while the binding of poly(m6A) to poly(U) is known to occur with 1 m6A:1 U. Digestion by nuclease S1 confirmed this stoichiometry, indicating the absence of single strands in a 1:2 mixture.
(10) Kinetic studies with 22Na+, 36Cl-, and 86Rb+ indicated the existence of a Na(+)-K(+)-Cl- cotransport with a stoichiometry of 1Na+:1K+: 2Cl-.
(11) A similar hyperbolic decrease in stoichiometry was observed with vesicles containing 10 or 20% PS when the calcium concentration was increased from 0.4 to 10 mM.
(12) This is 50 times more than required to bind all the poly(A) in the egg based on the binding stoichiometry of 1 PABP per 27 adenosine residues.
(13) This stoichiometry was found to be independent from the method of protein evaluation (gel dye-binding assay or amino acid analysis) and from the concentration of PFK-1 in the phosphorylation system (15.6 nM-0.53 microM).
(14) of each of the virus-antibody complexes relative to non-neutralized virus and the stoichiometry have been estimated.
(15) Microtubule depolymerization is associated with the binding of vinblastine in approximately molar stoichiometry to tubulin in microtubules with apparent low affinity, as determined by binding experiments with radiolabeled vinblastine and by the ability of vinblastine to inhibit DEAE-dextran decoration of microtubule surfaces.
(16) Such factors include the relative affinity and stoichiometry of R-G or G-E and the possible colocalization of R-G-E in cellular microdomains.
(17) The stoichiometry of the reaction has now been established using nitrate ion electrode and a methemoglobin free radical was detected by ESR during the oxidation.
(18) The described reconstitution technique might be a useful tool for investigating the role of component stoichiometry in the functioning of hormone-regulated AC-system.
(19) The stoichiometry of binding of alpha-fo5UTP to the enzyme was determined using the gamma-32P-labeled derivative.
(20) The stoichiometry for this conversion corresponded to the equation: 2 o-alpha-methyldopaquinone-H+----alpha-methyldopa + alpha-methyldopachrome.