What's the difference between chloranil and fungicide?
Chloranil
Definition:
(n.) A yellow crystalline substance, C6Cl4.O2, regarded as a derivative of quinone, obtained by the action of chlorine on certain benzene derivatives, as aniline.
Example Sentences:
(1) Instead, glutathione reacts with chloranil, producing at least three stable products, probably in a Michael-type reaction.
(2) Chloranil (1.25 to 1.75 ppm) treated embryos showed abnormalities of the otolith, optic cup, and general pigmentation.
(3) MA, which is not known to occur naturally, is produced by dehydrogenation of medroxyprogesterone acetate with chloranil.
(4) In relation to pentachlorophenol, no increase in fungistatic activity was found for pentachloroanisole, pentachloronitrobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorophenyl acetate, o- and p-chloranil, the three isomeric chlorophenols, 2,6-dichlorophenol, the three isomeric tetrachlorobenzenediols, the three isomeric tetrachlorodimethoxybenzenes, the three isomeric tetrachlorobenzenediol diacetates, and all of the isomeric mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrachloroanisoles, except for 2,3,5-trichloroanisole with Geotrichum candidadum PC 67 and for 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroanisole with Mucor circinelloides PC 1.
(5) The photosensitized monomerization of the cyclobutane dimers of 1,3-dimethylthymine by p-chloranil was investigated by means of steady-state irradiation and laser-flash photolysis.
(6) These results strongly indicate the involvement of chloranil or the semiquinone radical in the covalent binding during microsomal hexachlorobenzene metabolism.
(7) Consumption of OH(-) ions is also a feature of the reactions between retinol and chloranil, but the spectrum of the radical anion of chloranil is observed only when retinol and chloranil are suspended in aqueous salt solutions.
(8) Porphyrinogens in fresh urine may be rapidly oxidized to porphyrins by chloranil, or slowly in weakly alkaline solution, before the sample is applied to the Florisil column.
(9) The hydrogen-abstracting quinone derivative 3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1,2-benzoquinone (o-chloranil) caused a strong, near stoichiometric, irreversible inactivation of the collagenases from Bacillus cereus, Clostridium histolyticum and Achromobacter iophagus.
(10) Alternatively, urine is added to NaHCO3 to permit quantitative conversion of porphyrinogen to porphyrin in 1 to 2 days, and assayed similarly following dilution with the same acid-alcohol diluent (with or without chloranil) or with dilute HCl solution alone.
(11) Traps with the bedding depth of 0.1 ev in the layers of chlorophyll alpha treated with the electron acceptor n-chloranil were discovered by the method of thermostimulating conductivity.
(12) The major product of microsomal oxidation of pentachlorophenol is tetrachlorohydroquinone, which is in redox-equilibrium with the corresponding semiquinone and quinone (chloranil).
(13) Electron spin resonance studies of the in vivo response to fungicides (chloranil and thiram) by Aspergillus niger of different ages are described.
(14) Nanomole quantities of inorganic sulfate were applied to a barium chloranilate column.
(15) The reaction products that may be formed from retinol in its reactions with TCNQ and chloranil are discussed.
(16) The pesticides used were chloranil and dichlone (both are fungicidal and herbicidal); diquat (herbicide); and nabam (fungicide).
(17) The protein--methylglyoxal complexes have electronic and dielectric properties similar to those exhibited by the perylene-chloranil charge-transfer complex.
(18) Corresponding amounts of chloranilate ion, released as a result of an exchange reaction, were then measured by uv absorption at 313 nm.
(19) In addition, flow experiments are described in which the production and decay of the chloranil semiquinone radical produced in the reaction of solutions of chloranil with extracts of bakers' yeast were monitored, both in the absence and in the presence of several buffers and respiratory chain inhibitors.
(20) The proposed flow injection method yielded results for the analysis of 0-20 micrograms ml(-1) of ascorbic acid that were 99-102% (relative standard deviation 0.6% or better) in agreement with those produced by comparable methods involving titration with iodine, chloranil or 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol [4-(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenylimino)cyclohexa-2,5-dieno ne], and high-performance liquid chromatography.
Fungicide
Definition:
(n.) Anything that kills fungi.
Example Sentences:
(1) Mononuclear phagocytic cells from patients with either principal form of leprosy functioned similarly to normal monocytes in phagocytosis while their fungicidal activity for C. pseudotropicalis was statistically significantly altered and was more evident in the lepromatous than in the tuberculoid type.
(2) The fungicidal activity of six rabbit neutrophil cationic peptides (NP) against resting (dormant) spores, preincubated (swollen) spores, and hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus oryzae was examined.
(3) Dose-related fungicidal and fungistatic properties in vitro correlated with doses that were life-sustaining or curative (or both) in vivo.
(4) We may be able to control as die back with fungicides but we would need to spray every few weeks over the whole country.
(5) The crops were fortified with each fungicide at 3 levels per crop.
(6) Cases have occurred of heavy prenatal and postnatal intoxication of infants with hexachlorobenzene in Turkey and methylmercury in Iraq due to consumption of fungicide-treated seed wheat by pregnant and lactating mothers.
(7) The ligands and their corresponding organoboron complexes have been tested in vitro against a number of pathogenic fungi and bacteria and found to possess remarkable fungicidal and bactericidal properties.
(8) The MIC and ED50 values of compound (6) against some of the test fungi were comparable to those of the reference fungicides iprodione and mancozeb.
(9) Certain reaction characteristics of the trichloromethyl fulfenyl fungicides with GPDH were found to be similar to those of chlorothalonil.
(10) Residue levels of these surface-applied, nonsystemic fungicides were inconsistent with amounts and dates of application, most likely because of variations in weather conditions, especially rainfall.
(11) The fungicidal activity of terbinafine which has been demonstrated in vitro for several strains of dermatophyte, filamentous and dimorphic fungi, has been demonstrated in vivo in model systems for dermatophytoses.
(12) In a concentrated form the ointment base exhibited excellent bactericidal and fungicidal effects in vitro.
(13) Ambruticin is fungicidal for metabolizing cells of Microsporum fulvum and does not cause cell leakage of 260-nm absorbing material.
(14) The major part of insecticides and fungicides used for orchard protection were examined.
(15) We report on metabolic alterations and alterations in fungicidal activity in PMN elicited intraperitoneally with different inflammatory agents.
(16) Avoid the hard, immature fruits that are inflicted on the UK market, and home in on those that are softer, with matt, untreated, fungicide-free skins.
(17) There is reason to assume that this substance finds its way into the milk not only via its application as a fungicide but probably also via a number of other, in part unknown, sources of contamination in or on vegetable products.
(18) A comparison of the effects observed for three pesticides, dieldrin, chlorpyrifos and Vorlex, in three soil types with those produced by an antibiotic, a fungicide, a nitrification inhibitor and steam pasteurization of the soil clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the simple technique.
(19) N-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS) is an agricultural fungicide which has been shown to induce acute tubular necrosis.
(20) The sufficient concentration of the active ingredients to inhibit the nitrification are lower than the fungicidal concentrations.