(n.) One of the elementary substances, commonly isolated as a greenish yellow gas, two and one half times as heavy as air, of an intensely disagreeable suffocating odor, and exceedingly poisonous. It is abundant in nature, the most important compound being common salt. It is powerful oxidizing, bleaching, and disinfecting agent. Symbol Cl. Atomic weight, 35.4.
Example Sentences:
(1) Ether extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and various chlorinated and non-chlorinated compounds were detected, e.g.
(2) The physical effects of chlorination as demonstrated by experiments with batters and cakes and by physicochemical observations of flour and its fractions are also considered.
(3) The efficacy of both PCBOH I and III derivatives required the presence of a hydroxyl moiety and increased directly with the degree of chlorination.
(4) Chlorine dioxide disproportionation products, chlorite and chlorate, were not active disinfectants.
(5) The photodynamic activity of bonellin, an integumentary chlorin of Bonellia viridis, is investigated.
(6) Lipopolysaccharide content correlated significantly with drug uptake and sensitivity, and it appeared to determine the degree of penetration of the cell envelope by these chlorinated phenols.
(7) Unexpectedly long retention times were noted for the chlorinated solvents, particularly for chloroforn, which showed a specific long-term retention in the cerebellum, meninges and spinal nerves, indicating interactions with specific nervous tissue receptors.
(8) Further the results of a test under practical conditions in a swimming pool are shown and the possibility to discriminate different types of waters by their chlorine demand under constant-titration.
(9) Chlorinated ethylenes are metabolized in mammals, as a first step, to epoxides.
(10) The ASI said the UK should be prepared to adapt its standards, pointing to an assessment by the European Food Safety Authority that the chemical rinses, including chlorine dioxide, were safe to eat.
(11) Studies of structure-transacylation relationships for a series of acylhydroxamic acids of chlorinated biphenyl ethers and their related compounds by rat liver N-arylacylhydroxamic acid-dependent N-acyltransferase (AHNAT) are described.
(12) The purpose of the study was to determine whether distribution of serum lipids, blood pressure or thyroid hormones differed according to the chlorination of water supply, or to its calcium and magnesium content (hardness).
(13) Chlorine (Cl2) gas is a potentially lung-damaging irritant which is used in the chemical, plastics, and paper industries.
(14) Recoveries by each technique varied depending on the sediment sample being extracted and degree of chlorination of PCB congeners.
(15) Rats have been exposed in a closed system to the chlorinated ethylenes vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene and to carbon tetrachloride as a reference compound.
(16) Environmental isolates of CB-5 were more resistant than the laboratory strain tested, and for two strains 12 and 22% of the input virus was still infectious after 100 min in the presence of free residual chlorine.
(17) Water is no longer chlorinated, rubbish isn't collected anymore.
(18) Other chlorinated hydrocarbons as decachlorobiphenyl, pentachloronaphthalene, hexachloronaphthalene and hexachlorostyrene were identified, but not quantified.
(19) Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analyses were performed on single hair fibers in triplicate from 103 individuals in order to determine sulfur, zinc, calcium, and chlorine content.
(20) The compounds are N-methoxymethylated or N-ethoxymethylated using phosphorus pentoxide and dimethoxymethane or diethoxymethane, respectively, in a chlorinated solvent.
Chloruret
Definition:
(n.) A chloride.
Example Sentences:
(1) Xipamide was more chloruretic than natiuretic and probably inhibits reabsorption in the distal tubule.
(2) Indomethacin significantly attenuated the diuretic, natriuretic and chloruretic effects of furosemide without significantly affecting inulin and p-aminohippurate clearance or filtration fraction.
(3) After acute blood volume expansion, the diuretic, natriuretic, kaliuretic, and chloruretic responses were markedly enhanced in the transgenic group.
(4) On a weight basis, the diuretic, natriuretic and chloruretic effects of torasemide were about 8-times greater than those of furosemide.
(5) In the light of the present results the chloruretic action of sulphonamides in various tissues, in particular the kidney, is discussed.
(6) A depressed production of prostanoids endowed with vasodilating and chloruretic activity probably played a role in attenuating the renal vascular hyporeactivity and the urinary chloride dispersion induced by KD.
(7) The results suggest that endogenous renal prostaglandins may play a modulating role in the addition of salt to the renal medullary interstitium and may, under some circumstances, by chloruretic.
(8) The application of furosemide after pretreatment with prazosin causes enhanced diuretic, sodium and chloruretic effect without potentiating potassium excretion.
(9) The chloride self-exchange flux across the human red cell membrane is rapidly and reversibly inhibited by 10(-4) M furosemide, a potent chloruretic agent.
(10) The alkaline diuretic tizolemide (HOE 740) and the p-COOH-analogue of sulphanilamide were inactive, suggesting that the chloruretic effects of these agents are of a thiazide type.
(11) Prostaglandin synthesis inhibition antagonizes the chloruretic effect of furosemide.
(12) Thus, the attenuated chloruretic response to furosemide observed in indomethacin- or meclofenamate-treated animals may in part result from increased chloride uptake in the loop segment of superficial nephrons.
(13) These effects were of similar magnitude except for the natriuretic and chloruretic actions which were more pronounced after furosemide than after torasemide (p less than 0.02).
(14) Indomethacin antagonizes the natriuretic and chloruretic response to hydrochlorothiazide in most studies.
(15) It is concluded that alpha-hANP has a vasodilatory property relatively specific for the renal artery, and that it possesses diuretic, natriuretic, kaliuretic, magnesiuretic, calciuretic and chloruretic activities concomitantly with a definite hypotensive activity.
(16) If such were the case, then prostaglandin synthesis inhibition should have no effect on furosemide's chloruretic response in the absence of ADH.
(17) The relation between the urinary piretanide excretion rate and the chloruretic effect was similar in normals and uremic patients; Cl- excretion increased 40 mMol per mg piretanide excreted.
(18) Female mice were markedly more sensitive than males to the diuretic, natriuretic, chloruretic and urinary acidfying actions of ethacrynic acid.
(19) Indomethacin and meclofenamate blunted the diuretic, natriuretic and chloruretic response to azosemide, and microperfusion experiments on single loops of Henle revealed an attenuation by NSAIDs of azosemide's inhibitory action on the loops sodium and chloride reabsorption.
(20) In both conditions a supra-additive natriuretic (P less than .025) and chloruretic (P less than .05) effect of the combination was observed, the magnitude of which was somewhat greater in the sodium-deprived state.