(n.) A colorless volatile liquid, CHCl3, having an ethereal odor and a sweetish taste, formed by treating alcohol with chlorine and an alkali. It is a powerful solvent of wax, resin, etc., and is extensively used to produce anaesthesia in surgical operations; also externally, to alleviate pain.
(v. t.) To treat with chloroform, or to place under its influence.
Example Sentences:
(1) It was readily soluble, however, in nonpolar solvents such as n-hexane and chloroform.
(2) Homogenates of these cells in chloroform-methanol solution showed an identical absorption spectrum with pure bilirubin dissolved in the same solution.
(3) Male and female DBA 11 mice recovered from 1 hr of anesthesia with chloroform of fluoroxene apparently unharmed.
(4) After introduction of surgical anesthesia with general agents such as ether and chloroform, a large number of deaths due to anesthetic toxicity were reported.
(5) One was best soluble in modified chloroform-methanol-water mixture (10:10:3) and corresponded most probably to the oligosaccharyl disphosphodolichol (oligo-PP-Dol) described to be significantly increased in LPs of inherited type.
(6) The methanol-ammonia (20:1) and chloroform-methanol-ammonia (2:2:1) systems, used with silica-gel plates, are the most promising for rapid preliminary screening of tuna fish extracts for histamine.
(7) Mice administered chloroform in corn oil displayed a significant degree of diffuse parenchymal degeneration (5 of 10 males and 1 of 10 females) and mild to moderate early cirrhosis (5 of 10 males and 9 of 10 females); significant pathological lesions were not observed in the animals administered corn oil without chloroform nor in mice receiving chloroform in 2% Emulphor.
(8) When citrate was reacted with HOCl, beta-ketoglutaric acid, monochloroacetone, dichloroacetone, and trichloroacetone were produced as reaction intermediates and chloroform as a final product.
(9) A methanol-aqueous KCl extraction is used, followed by cleanup with clarifying agents and partition into chloroform.
(10) An almost pure form of the bovine heart mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) is released from the membrane by shaking submitochondrial particles with chloroform.
(11) The use of a chloroform:methanol extraction of 10 ml of fluid resulted in recoveries of at least 90% of the glycosaminoglycans, otherwise an insoluble product resulted.
(12) The primary finding was that chloroform increased the yield of renal tubular adenomas and adenocarcinomas in male rats in a dose-related manner.
(13) Three new euglobals with acylphloroglucinol-monoterpene structures, named euglobal -G1 (1), -G2 (2), and -G3 (3) were isolated from the chloroform extract of the juvenile leaves of Eucalyptus grandis (Myrtaceae).
(14) However, the concentration of endotoxin in whole blood and platelet-rich plasma could be measured with this Limulus test after lysing the platelets to release the endotoxin and subsequently removing the inhibitory proteins by chloroform precipitation.
(15) The ethanolic extract from rat liver mitochondrial membranes contains a number of highly polar complex lipids, which are found in the aqueous layer when subjected to the usual chloroform-water partition procedures.
(16) Addition of chloroform and molybdate caused an accumulation of cold acetate in large sediment cores and of [14C]acetate in small cores to which [14C]bicarbonate had been added.
(17) A variety of protected peptides up to tetradecapeptides have been chromatographed at pressures of 50 to 150 psi and obtained in analytically pure from within 2 to 4 h. With such commonly used protecting groups as N-benzyloxycarbonyl (Z), N-2-(p-biphenylyl)-2-propyloxycarbonyl (Bpoc), N-t-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc), O- and S-t-butyl (But), and S-acetamidomethyl (Acm), compounds were sufficiently soluble in chloroform, alcohols, acetic acid, or mixtures of these solvents for column loading.
(18) Both 31Si and 68Ge were water extractable (47%-74% and 38%-89%, respectively) from liver cell organelles; 45%-81% 31Si and 66%-90% 68Ge were extractable in 10% TCA, while only 10%-59% of either isotope were extractable in organic solvents (acetone, chloroform, ethanol).
(19) The mobile phase consisted of a high percentage of methanol or acetonitrile with a small amount of chloroform.
(20) Treatment of this ketone with either phenyllithium or phenylamagnesium bromide in ether at room temperature followed by solvolysis of the resulting alcohol in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid, sodium azide, and chloroform gave a mixture of cis- and trans-3-azido-3-phenylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes.
Solvent
Definition:
(a.) Having the power of dissolving; dissolving; as, a solvent fluid.
(a.) Able or sufficient to pay all just debts; as, a solvent merchant; the estate is solvent.
(n.) A substance (usually liquid) suitable for, or employed in, solution, or in dissolving something; as, water is the appropriate solvent of most salts, alcohol of resins, ether of fats, and mercury or acids of metals, etc.
(n.) That which resolves; as, a solvent of mystery.
Example Sentences:
(1) We have compared two new methods (a solvent extraction technique and a method involving a disposable, pre-packed reverse phase chromatography cartridge) with the standard method for determining the radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-HMPAO.
(2) Twelve strains of the Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF)-Congo group of viruses the Bunyaviridae family were investigated with respect to sensitivity to lipid solvents and temperature, pathogenicity for animals, interactions with cell cultures and antigenic relationships.
(3) The conformations of each peptide in various solvents were determined by CD and ir spectroscopy in order to relate immunological to structural properties.
(4) The kinetics of bimolecular decay of alpha-tocopheroxyl free radicals (T) was studied by ESR mainly in ethanol and heptanol solvents.
(5) The purity and configuration of each isomer of the free acid and N-chloroacetylated derivative were ascertained by: (a) paper chromatography in five solvent systems, (b) elemental analysis, (c) Van Slyke nitrous acid determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (d) Van Slyke ninhydrin determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (e) optical rotation.
(6) As compared with solvent-treated control, no significant increases were observed in the number of revertant colonies in all tester strains in both systems with and without mammalian metabolic activation (S9 Mix).
(7) The results are summarized in Table I, indicating that the ratio of formation of the cis product (2) increases as a solvent becomes more polar.
(8) These data are discussed in relationship to the chemical mechanism of GSSG reduction and the identity of the proton-transfer step whose rate is sensitive to solvent isotopic composition.
(9) It was readily soluble, however, in nonpolar solvents such as n-hexane and chloroform.
(10) Small amounts (approximately 1% of substrate) of two 25(OH)D3 metabolites, which comigrated with 5(E)- and 5(Z)-19-nor-10-keto-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on two HPLC solvent systems, were synthesized by HL-60 cells, independently from 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment or stage of cell differentiation.
(11) As yet the observations demonstrate that workers exposed in their occupation to heavy metals (cadmium, lead, metalic mercury) and organic solvents should be subjected to special control for detection of renal changes.
(12) The significance of the present findings on the mutual suppression of metabolism between benzene and toluene is discussed in relation to solvent toxicology and biological monitoring of exposure to the solvents.
(13) CZP reduced the incidence of convulsions only after the larger dose, but plain solvent (propylene glycol, ethanol, water) was equally effective.
(14) The method involves solvent extraction of the compounds from plasma, derivatization with pentafluoropropionic anhydride and subsequent separation on a 3% OV-17 column.
(15) RF values were determined in several solvent systems.
(16) From the previously observed results of preferential interactions for salting-out salts with proteins, it was shown that the free energy of the protein is increased by addition of the salts and this unfavorable free energy is smaller for the proteins bound to the columns because of their smaller surface area exposed to solvent; i.e., the bound form of the proteins is thermodynamically more stable.
(17) Such an 'inert tube' model may be adequate to describe the inhalation and exhalation kinetics of inert vapours, for example non-polar solvents which have a low water solubility.
(18) Results indicate that the rachitogenic factor in rye is not present in the ash portion of the grain, that it can be largely overcome by water extraction and penicillin supplementation, and that an organic solvent extraction has no effect.
(19) The possible occupational cause of the disease, as more solvents in the mud have the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons is discussed.
(20) Reductions in dissolution rates in a continuous-flow system could best be interpreted by assuming that they reflected changes in the area of the hydrophilic solid exposed to the solvent.