(a.) Proceeding by the smaller intervals (half steps or semitones) of the scale, instead of the regular intervals of the diatonic scale.
Example Sentences:
(1) Classic technics of digital image analysis and new algorithms were used to improve the contrast on the full image or a portion of it, contrast a skin lesion with statistical information deduced from another lesion, evaluate the shape of the lesion, the roughness of the surface, and the transition region from the lesion to the normal skin, and analyze a lesion from the chromatic point of view.
(2) Scientists and clinicians concerned with underwater vision have not considered the relationship between chromatic aberration, water color, and the refractive state of the eye.
(3) Growth of cells in medium containing BrdU for two generations allows fluorometric documentation of the semiconservative distribution of newly replicated DNA between sister chromatids, and regions of sister chromated exchange are demarcated.
(4) The male:female prevalence of nickel allergy was 1:2 (sex difference p less than 0.001) and for chromate was 7:1 (sex difference p less than 0.001).
(5) The results were interpreted as the manifestation of chromatically-opponent system activities in temporal integration.
(6) In Experiment 1, newborns differentiated gray from green, from yellow, and from red: For each of these hues they preferred chromatic-and-gray checkerboards over gray squares matched in mean luminance, even though the luminance of the gray checks was varied systematically over a wide range so as to minimize nonchromatic cues.
(7) With the advent of colour coding in electro-optical displays, the need for a detailed quantification of focusing responses to chromatic stimuli is particularly important because of the influence of the chromatic aberration present in ocular optics on the focusing response of the eye.
(8) In agreement with reports from comparable centres, metals are high up on the "hitlist" of frequent allergens (nickel 24%, cobalt 9%, chromates 6%), followed by ingredients of cosmetics and toiletries (fragrances 16%, balsam of Peru 10%, Kathon 5%), whilst already way back are topical medicines (neomycin 4%, parabens 3%, lanolin 2%, benzocaine 1%) and rubber additives (thiuram-mix 2% and carba-mix 1%).
(9) Spectral differences in image size are proportional to the eye's longitudinal chromatic aberration and the axial distance between the entrance pupil and nodal point.
(10) The human epidemiological studies have provided convincing evidence that zinc chromate is a potent carcinogen and there is some evidence that calcium chromate and chromium trioxide also constitute a cancer hazard in humans.
(11) Stimulus parameters were selected to isolate the chromatic and achromatic systems.
(12) Exposure to 10(-7) M chromate solution for 7 days inhibited colony formation while acute (1 h) treatment was toxic at 5 .
(13) In many cyanobacteria, phycoerythrin expression is regulated by light wavelength in a response known as chromatic adaptation.
(14) In the lung of a rat intratracheally injected with a saline solution of sodium chromate, ascorbic acid decreased to 80% of the normal level, and ca.
(15) We conclude that, for stimuli of either achromatic or chromatic contrast, peripheral spatial resolution is limited by post-receptoral mechanisms.
(16) Patients with high-tension glaucoma showed significant losses in both chromatic and achromatic sensitivities when compared with low-tension glaucoma patients.
(17) We know a good deal less about the chromatic analyses that occur beyond these early stages.
(18) 93 patients with contact allergy to chromates were followed up for 15 years during which time they were examined clinically and patch tested quantitatively at regular intervals.
(19) Yet, the similarity of the chromatic arrangement of their centers with that of the ganglion cells shows that the four basic types of color channels are already in existence in the amacrine cells where they seem to originate.
(20) When the fields were juxtaposed, chromatic sensitivity declined with viewing duration.
Refraction
Definition:
(n.) The act of refracting, or the state of being refracted.
(n.) The change in the direction of ray of light, heat, or the like, when it enters obliquely a medium of a different density from that through which it has previously moved.
(n.) The change in the direction of a ray of light, and, consequently, in the apparent position of a heavenly body from which it emanates, arising from its passage through the earth's atmosphere; -- hence distinguished as atmospheric refraction, or astronomical refraction.
(n.) The correction which is to be deducted from the apparent altitude of a heavenly body on account of atmospheric refraction, in order to obtain the true altitude.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the group of high myopia (over 20 D), the mean correction was 13.4 D. In the group with refraction between 0 and 6 D, 88% of the eyes treated had attained a correction between -1 and +1 D 3 months postoperatively.
(2) The molar refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of the substituent.
(3) A new approach is presented to the refractive procedure by adding observation, both surreptitious and direct, as an adjunct, an aid and a supplement to differential diagnosis in a refractive examination and in visual analysis.
(4) Dioptric aniseikonia was calculated between 1 month and 24 months after surgery (with Gruber's and Huber's computer program) on the basis of most recently obtained values (bulb axis length, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, necessary refraction), and compared with subjective measurements taken with the phase difference haploscope.
(5) These versions offer different advantages and are selected according to the particular field of application and the refraction of the surgeon.
(6) The refraction of his mild hyperopic eyes (+0,5 dpt) changed to -5,5 dpt and the intraocular pressure increased to 40 mm Hg in the right and 42 mm Hg in the left eye.
(7) These observations suggest that refractive anomalies such as anisometropia that limit high frequency spatial resolution and binocular integration can present a major obstacle to the postnatal development of binocular vision.
(8) A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the effect of recipient-donor trephine disparity on refractive error and corneal curvature post-suture removal in keratoconus.
(9) Scientists and clinicians concerned with underwater vision have not considered the relationship between chromatic aberration, water color, and the refractive state of the eye.
(10) As the refractive status changes a curve is traced out on the graph.
(11) The change in refractive astigmatism was as high as 1.50DC (diopter cylinder).
(12) There is a problem in this approach if the angle between the direction of tracked beam and the direction of tracking translation is not zero due to refraction or other effects.
(13) We find good agreement between the model calculations and the experimental results indicating that edge birefringence can be attributed to the change in polarization of light that is refracted and reflected by dielectric interfaces.
(14) The corneal sensibility was examined with the aesthesiometer of Draeger in 41 patients after refractive corneal surgery, 31 patients after radial keratotomy, 5 after epikeratophakia, 5 after excimer laser ablation.
(15) Extraordinarily wide angles were observed in all cases and myopia was a common refractive error.
(16) There was no connection between the cholesterol level, refraction or visual acuity.
(17) The refractive changes in 84 children (155 eyes) following horizontal strabismus surgery and in 97 children (181 eyes) without surgical intervention were studied.
(18) Refractive error and the ocular refractive components have heritabilities intermediate between zero and one, as complied from several studies, indicating familial resemblance, but also non-genetic variation.
(19) Approximately 75% of repeat autorefractor measurements were within 0.50 D of the initial readings, and about 75% of measurements were within 1.00 D of the manual refractions.
(20) The refractive index profile in the equatorial plane of bovine lenses from over a wide age range is presented.