(n.) Any chemical group or residue (as NO2; N2; or O2) which imparts some decided color to the compound of which it is an ingredient.
Example Sentences:
(1) F(420) is photolabile aerobically in neutral and basic solutions, whereas the acid-stable chromophore is not photolabile under these conditions.
(2) Theoretical computations are performed of the intercalative binding of the neocarzinostatin chromophore (NCS) with the double-stranded oligonucleotides d(CGCG)2, d(GCGC)2, d(TATA)2 and d(ATAT)2.
(3) The drug-picrate chromophores maximally absorb within the first minute of reaction (21 s for phenacemide, 45 s for cephalothin), after which the absorbances decrease.
(4) The chromophore of octopus rhodopsin is 11-cis retinal, linked via a protonated Schiff base to the protein backbone.
(5) These results suggest that the chromophore-protein interaction is significantly altered during the phototransformation of phytochrome.
(6) Their absorption spectra are at sufficiently long wavelength to be unobscured by cellular chromophores such as nucleotides and aromatic amin acids.
(7) Synthesis products have been identified, and three chromophores have been displayed by their n----II and II----II dichroic transitions.
(8) These surplus chromophores become esterified and are temporarily taken up by the pigment epithelium to be re-entered into the visual cycle as fast as they can be processed by the regenerative machinery of the rod outer segments.
(9) Utilizing the known atomic coordinates of the chromophores (Schirmer, T., Bode, W. and Huber, R. (1987) J. Mol.
(10) In spite of this relatively high value and unusual stability, a persulfide group, R-S-SH, seems to be the most likely structure for this chromophore.
(11) The chromophore was found in the 105,000xg supernatant and gave a reduced CO-difference spectrum with an absorption maximum of 448 nm.
(12) The only other fluorescent chromophore in that region of the spectrum has excitation and emission peaks at 328 and 460 nm, respectively.
(13) When the monomer was further dissociated into constituent subunits in strong alkali or at high concentrations of SDS, the CD spectrum disappeared almost completely, indicating loss of the asymmetric interactions of the chromophoric heme a with its immediate environments, consisting of the subunit assembly.
(14) Using these techniques we have also determined a conditional reduction potential of -0.156 V for the chromophore producing fatty acyl-CoA substrate beta-2-furylpropionyl-CoA.
(15) This effect is attributed to intercalation of the ellipticine chromophore.
(16) The bathochromic shift may be a consequence of a reduced exposure of the chromophore to the aqueous solvent.
(17) In exogenous photosensitization, the chemical agent (chromophore) is most often identified, reaching the skin either via topical contact or by systemic administration (drugs).
(18) Circular dichroism of these compounds allows us to assign the transition due to the amide chromophore.
(19) Fourier-transform infrared difference spectroscopy has been used to detect the vibrational modes in the chromophore and protein that change in position or intensity between rhodopsin and the photoproducts formed at low temperature (70 K), bathorhodopsin and isorhodopsin.
(20) The second chromophore exhibits spectral properties (lambda max = 360, 255 nm, pH 2) similar to that observed for 7,8-dihydropterin cations.
Molecule
Definition:
(n.) One of the very small invisible particles of which all matter is supposed to consist.
(n.) The smallest part of any substance which possesses the characteristic properties and qualities of that substance, and which can exist alone in a free state.
(n.) A group of atoms so united and combined by chemical affinity that they form a complete, integrated whole, being the smallest portion of any particular compound that can exist in a free state; as, a molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen. Cf. Atom.
Example Sentences:
(1) A series of human cDNA clones of various sizes and relative localizations to the mRNA molecule were isolated by using the human p53-H14 (2.35-kilobase) cDNA probe which we previously cloned.
(2) Glucocorticoids have numerous effects some of which are permissive; steroids are thus important not only for what they do, but also for what they permit or enable other hormones and signal molecules to do.
(3) The results demonstrated that K2PtCl4 was bound to a greater degree than CDDP in this system with 3-5 and 1-2 platinum atoms respectively, bound per transferrin molecule.
(4) Complementarity determining regions (CDR) are conserved to different extents, with the first CDR region in all family members being among the most conserved segments of the molecule.
(5) Even with hepatic lipase, phospholipid hydrolysis could not deplete VLDL and IDL of sufficient phospholipid molecules to account for the loss of surface phospholipid that accompanies triacylglycerol hydrolysis and decreasing core volume as LDL is formed (or for conversion of HDL2 to HDL3).
(6) However, the presence of these two molecules was restored if testosterone was supplemented immediately after orchiectomy.
(7) In the second approach, attachment sites of DTPA groups were directed away from the active region of the molecule by having fragment E1,2 bound in complex, with its active sites protected during the derivatization.
(8) PMNs could be primed for PMA-triggered oxidative burst by muramyl peptide molecules (MDP) and two of its adjuvant active nonpyrogenic derivatives.
(9) These same molecules may be equally responsible for the pathologic characteristics of the immune response seen, for example, in inflammatory bowel diseases.
(10) A cDNA library prepared from human placenta has been screened for sequences coding for factor XIIIa, the enzymatically active subunit of the factor XIII complex that stabilizes blood clots through crosslinking of fibrin molecules.
(11) T cell costimulation by molecules on the antigen presenting cell (APC) is required for optimal T cell proliferation.
(12) The lipid A moiety was shown to be responsible for this novel biological activity of the LPS molecule.
(13) Both systems indicated that the Kupffer cell modified endotoxin by enriching the lipid content of the molecule and shortening the length of the O-antigen.
(14) Photoreactions induced in that proper sensitizer molecules absorb UV-light or visible light.
(15) At 100 microM-ACh the apparent open time became shorter probably due to channel blockade by ACh molecules.
(16) Flow cytofluorometric analysis of the strain distribution of the molecules defined by the mAb revealed that two of the antibodies (I-22 and III-5) were directed against nonpolymorphic determinants of Thy-1, whereas V-8 mAb reacted only with Thy-1.2+ lymphocytes.
(17) At a fixed concentration of nucleotide the effectiveness of elution was proportional to the charge on the eluting molecule.
(18) The relative rates of reduction of several spin-labeled molecules that partition differently across the hy-drophobic-interface of inner membranes from rat liver mitochondria were investigated.
(19) The seve polypeptide chains investigated had generalyy similar properties; all contained two residues per molecule of tryptophan and N-acetylserine was the common N-terminal amino acid residue.
(20) Much information has accumulated on the isolation and characterization of a heterogeneous group of molecules that inhibit one or more of the bioactivities of interleukin 1.