(a.) Continuing for a long time; lingering; habitual.
Example Sentences:
(1) Biochemical, immunocytochemical and histochemical methods were used to study the effect of chronic acetazolamide treatment on carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes in the rat kidney.
(2) We conclude that chronic emphysema produced in dogs by aerosol administration of papain results in elevated pulmonary artery pressure, which is characterized pathologically by medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries.
(3) Theophylline kinetics, as an in vivo probe for the potentially toxic cytochrome P-450I pathway of drug metabolism, were studied in 11 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with calcific chronic pancreatitis at Madras, South India.
(4) Experience of pain is modified by intern and extern influences, and it can appear very multiformly in the chronicity.
(5) We determined whether serological investigations can assist to distinguish between chronic idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenia (cAITP) and immune-mediated thrombocytopenia in patients at risk to develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); 82 patients were seen in this institution for the evaluation of immune thrombocytopenia.
(6) Patients were chronically ill homosexual men with multiple systemic opportunistic infections.
(7) The present study examined whether the lack of chronic hemodynamic effects of ANP in control rats was due to changes in vascular reactivity to the peptide.
(8) Until the 1960's there was great confusion, both within and between countries, on the meaning of diagnostic terms such as emphysema, asthma, and chronic brochitis.
(9) A chronic cannulation procedure is described which allows for sampling vomeronasal organ (VNO) contents repeatedly in freely moving conscious subjects.
(10) During the chronic phase, pain was assessed using visual analogue scales at 8 AM and 4 PM daily.
(11) These data indicate that CSF levels are not inversely related to the blood neutrophil count in chronic idiopathic neutropenia and suggest that CSF is not a hormone regulating the blood neutrophil count in a manner analogous to the erythropoietin regulation of circulating erythrocyte levels.
(12) Erythrocyte membrane choline transport is abnormally high in chronic renal failure.
(13) 1 The effects of chronic ethanol intake on the elimination kinetics of antipyrine were determined in nineteen male alcoholic subjects with comparison made to fourteen male volunteers.
(14) The leukemic T-cells in two patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) had specific features of large granular lymphocytes (LGL), and those in two patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) had L2 morphologic characteristics.
(15) The authors conclude that H. pylori alone causes little or no effect on an intact gastric mucosa in the rat, that either intact organisms or bacteria-free filtrates cause similar prolongation and delayed healing of pre-existing ulcers with active chronic inflammation, and that the presence of predisposing factors leading to disruption of gastric mucosal integrity may be required for the H. pylori enhancement of inflammation and tissue damage in the stomach.
(16) Alcohol abuse remains the predominant cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world.
(17) These results show that lipo-PGI2 at a very low dose would be beneficial as a treatment for relieving the clinical symptoms of chronic cerebral infarction and that lipid microspheres are a useful drug carrier for PGI2 analogue therapy.
(18) Anxious mood and other symptoms of anxiety were commonly seen in patients with chronic low back pain.
(19) Asthma is probably the commonest chronic disease in the United Kingdom, and its attendant morbidity extends outside the possible scope of the hospital sector.
(20) We recommend analysing the urine for porphyrins in HIV-positive patients who have chronic photosensitivity of the skin.
Scleroderma
Definition:
(n.) A disease of adults, characterized by a diffuse rigidity and hardness of the skin.
Example Sentences:
(1) Immunofluorescent staining for HLA-DR showed dermal positivity in 12 of 13 involved- and 9 of 13 uninvolved-skin biopsy specimens from scleroderma patients, compared with only 1 of 10 controls.
(2) In the German Democratic Republic, patients with scleroderma and history of long term silica exposure are recognized as patients with occupational disease even though pneumoconiosis is not clearly demonstrated on X-ray film.
(3) Type II includes the Sjögren's syndrome, rhumatoid arthritis, primary biliary cirrhosis, scleroderma and autoimmune thyroid disorders.
(4) Here we present a case of systemic scleroderma with unilateral enophthalmos.
(5) A patient with scleroderma of recent onset was found to have a carcinoma of the oesophagus.
(6) It is not influenced by previous soft tissue damage induced by linear scleroderma and may enable better monitoring of the effectiveness of proposed therapies.
(7) The pathologic findings in this new case were scleroderma-like skin atrophy, arteriosclerosis, and atrophy of the endocrine glands (including the genital organs).
(8) Two hundred and thirty-seven patients with systemic sclerosis were followed prospectively in a scleroderma clinic.
(9) She had photosensitive skin of early onset, hypertrichosis, and severe scleroderma-like lesions of the hands.
(10) This family constitutes the first record of the familial coexistence of the CRST syndrome with Sjögren's syndrome, and the second evidence of vertical inheritance of scleroderma.
(11) Scleroderma should be considered in the diagnostic evaluation of joint contractures.
(12) Methods are described that are used for the titration of antinuclear, anticentromere, and anti-Scl-70 antibodies in systemic scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis: indirect immunofluorescence with various antigenic substrates (sections of fresh-frozen rat liver and Hep-2 cell culture), counter-current immunoelectrophoresis, isolation of Scl-70 antigen.
(13) In vivo capillaroscopic examination was performed on patients with localized scleroderma to determine whether nailfold capillary abnormalities seen in systemic scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) were also present in the localized form.
(14) Fibromyalgia patients reported significantly higher levels of learned helplessness, assessed according to a rheumatology attitudes index (RAI), than patients with all other diseases, and scleroderma patients showed significantly lower RAI scores (P less than 0.05).
(15) Six scleroderma patients had abnormal indices, two of whom had high titre ribonucleoprotein antibody.
(16) These data may indicate that intrinsic upregulation of extracellular matrix genes in scleroderma fibroblasts utilizes a TGF beta dependent pathway.
(17) In a previous paper, we have found, at post-mortem examination of three cases of scleroderma, the oesophageal smooth muscle alterations already predicted by physiologists and reported by Treacy.
(18) Pulmonary involvement was significantly more frequent in nucleolar + homogeneous FANA positive patients; moreover, in two cases the same pattern proved to predict the development of diffuse scleroderma.
(19) Only pregnancies occurring before symptom onset in the scleroderma group were considered for analysis.
(20) The haemodynamic data recorded from one patient suggested that pericardial fibrosis in scleroderma may predispose to pericardial tamponade.