(n.) A milky fluid containing the fatty matter of the food in a state of emulsion, or fine mechanical division; formed from chyme by the action of the intestinal juices. It is absorbed by the lacteals, and conveyed into the blood by the thoracic duct.
Example Sentences:
(1) After accidental dissection of the thoracic duct in infants, leakage of chyle could be sealed successfully in 6 cases.
(2) Initial conservative management consisted of intermittent positive pressure ventilation, drainage of chylous fluid and enteral feeding, but there was no diminution in loss of chyle.
(3) From the clinical course it may be assumed that the chyle drainage was impaired in the thoracic duct or in a minor lymphatic vessel by subclinical injury, whereby the damage obviously was small, capable of spontaneous closure and healing.
(4) Despite the chronic loss of chyle in the urine these 3 patients did not have significant complications during the period of observation.
(5) Several therapeutic pathways are possible for the treatment of this complication (paracentesis, reinfusion of chyle, diuretics, total parenteral hyperalimentation, medium-chain triglyceride diet, peritoneovenous shunt, operative closure) and the choice results in an association which is specific for each patient.
(6) While technically challenging, the vein conduit worked well in delivering chyle to the oral cavity.
(7) It was found that lymphocytes cultured in the medium containing chyle were remarkably suppressed in responding to phytohemagglutinin as compared with the control culture without the fluid.
(8) Nineteen liters of chyle were excreted over a 5-week period.
(9) All of these patients' cases were associated with a concurrent external chylous fistula, as evidenced by the appearance of a milky fluid confirmed to be chyle by chemical determination.
(10) Of particular interest was the detection of an appreciable amount of medium-chain fatty acids in the chyle triglyceride, constituting 20% of the triglyceride fatty acids when an enteral formulation with medium-chain triglyceride as a sole fat source was administered.
(11) Neutral lipase failed to exhibit activity in assay systems specific for lipoprotein lipase, monoolein hydrolase, tributyrinase, and methyl butyrate esterase and showed little or no capacity to hydrolyze chyle chylomicrons or plasma very low density lipoproteins.
(12) Mesenteric portal venous blood and chyle, respectively, were collected continuously for 1 and 6 h after the infusions.
(13) During the following MCT diet a pronounced increase in triglyceride and total fatty acids concentrations appeared and the chylomicrons reappeared in the chyle.
(14) The small pedicle entered the upper pole of cyst was found at surgery and the cyst contained chyle about 300 ml.
(15) This caused lymph protein concentration to increase while chyle concentration (measured by absorbance) decreased.
(16) After excision of the cyst, the chyle was analyzed with special reference to its protein and lipid content.
(17) If significant chyle losses persist after 2 weeks, surgery is indicated, as immunological factors may complicate recovery.
(18) The metabolism of native chyle labeled with [3H]cholesterol and [14C]linoleic acid or of preformed chylomicron remnants with the same labeling was studied in the groups of rats.
(19) Our investigations have established that the following diseases are produced by malformation of the lymphatics of the small intestine: protein losing enteropathy, chyloperitoneum, chyluria, lymphedema with chyle reflux, chylothorax, chylopericardium, chyle reflux in the pulmonary lymphatics, hypoproteinemia and food allergies.
(20) After a dose of 50 g liquid paraffin administered as a laxative, 246 ml chyle was collected within the following 14 h which yielded a total of 4.5 mg liquid paraffin.
Vas
Definition:
(n.) A vessel; a duct.
Example Sentences:
(1) A segment of vas deferens was transplanted to the contralateral deferens with the intention of improving treatment for certain cases of infertility caused by obstruction.
(2) To minimise the risk of recanalisation (0.2%), 20 mm of vas deferens was resected.
(3) At a concentration of 10 microM, tetraamine 4 did not affect histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors of guinea pig ileum or alpha-adrenoreceptors of guinea pig atria whereas it inhibited postsynaptic alpha-adrenoreceptors of rat vas deferens with a -log K value of 5.23 and nicotinic receptors of frog rectus abdominis with an IC50 value of 0.23 microM.
(4) Emphasis is placed on techniques that prevent spontaneous recanalization of the ends of the vas deferens after vasectomy.
(5) After properly fixing the vas deferens with a ring clamp, the surgeon pierces the scrotal skin, vas sheath, and vas deferens in the midline with a curved dissecting clamp held at a 45 degree angle from horizontal.
(6) The acrosin inhibitors are localized in the mucosa cells of the cauda epididymis, the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, the urethra and distinct glandular units of the prostate.
(7) It is thus concluded that the active core for the morphine like activity in the mouse vas deferens bioassay is the fragment 61-65 of beta-LPH.
(8) Microsurgical vasovasostomy for the reversal of elective bilateral segmental vasectomy (vasectomy, vas ligation) was done in 57 patients (61 operations) between May 1977 and March 1984.
(9) There was a significant positive correlation between the efflux of noradrenaline from platelets and vas deferens (r = 0.56, P less than 0.001).
(10) Supersensitivity to noradrenaline was produced by both of the stereoisomers in isolated vas deferens of guinea-pigs although there was no difference in the activity.
(11) At lesser intensities, VAS occasionally produced a small pressor response.
(12) Probably there is a continuity of this system throughout the entire vascular pole including (1) all granulated cells, (2) all lacis cells, (3) the mesangium cells and (4) the adjacent smooth muscle cells of the vas afferens and vas efferens.
(13) Pain scores (VAS) and responses to a pain questionnaire were similar for both groups; however, within Group B improvement in mean VAS scores at rest with time were more sustained.
(14) Various techniques have been described, but in this surgeon's opinion the simplest and best method is to remove a length of a vas such that it becomes a physical impossibility to approximate the cut ends.
(15) A 10-month-old boy with a crossed ectopic testis and a common vas deferens is presented.
(16) Within the epididymis, regions closest to the testis develop soluble ACE activity about 1 week before those nearest to the vas deferens.
(17) Pretreatment of the vas deferens with both HNBTG and 2'-deoxycoformycin eliminated the difference in inhibitory potency between adenosine and 2-chloroadenosine.
(18) We interpret these results to indicate that angiotensins stimulate PGE production by adrenergic nerves in the vas deferens and that released norepinephrine mediates a part of the PGE production in response to the angiotensins.
(19) The effects of the ATP affinity label periodate-oxidized ATP (ATP-2',3'-dialdehyde; P-ATP) on contractile responses of the guinea pig vas deferens to ATP was characterized and compared to the effects of the specific P2x-purinoceptor photoaffinity label antagonist, arylazido aminopropionyl ATP (ANAPP3).
(20) Knowledge of the mechanical properties of the vas deferens is important in order to understand the mechanical interaction between an intravasal device (IVD) and the vas deferens--a necessary step for successful long-term implantation.