(n. pl.) Small, generally microscopic, vibrating appendages lining certain organs, as the air passages of the higher animals, and in the lower animals often covering also the whole or a part of the exterior. They are also found on some vegetable organisms. In the Infusoria, and many larval forms, they are locomotive organs.
(n. pl.) Hairlike processes, commonly marginal and forming a fringe like the eyelash.
(n. pl.) Small, vibratory, swimming organs, somewhat resembling true cilia, as those of Ctenophora.
Example Sentences:
(1) Electron microscopic evaluation of microsomal fractions showed elements of the plasma membrane, including cilia and microvilli, as well as rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
(2) However, when cells were grown in medium containing 2% dimethyl sulfoxide, as many as 50% of the cells had cilia with a 9+0 microtubular pattern.
(3) The narrow intercellular ridge is smooth, whereas the epithelial cells have small cytoplasmic knobs between the cilia.
(4) Chemosensory cilia of olfactory receptor neurons contain an adenylate cyclase which is stimulated by high concentrations of odorants.
(5) An unusual monomeric cGMP-dependent protein kinase, enriched in cilia, was isolated from Paramecium cilia and whole cells.
(6) Although younger, the CF patients tended to be more obstructed in their lungs and more handicapped than the patients suffering from the immotile-cilia syndrome.
(7) Although the functional significance of S-100b protein-like immunoreactivity in the centriole, cilia, and basal bodies remains to be elucidated, the present results introduce new perspectives into the investigation of localization and function of S-100 proteins.
(8) The unique structure of these cilia has systematic and phylogenetic significance for the Acoela, and it is argued that ultrastructural characters in general, including characters of organelles, can be validly applied to the phylogeny and systematics of the Metazoa.
(9) The OCI-related membrane appeared a cause of OCI interference with fimbrial ovum capture by preventing the contact between the fimbrial cilia and the cumulus oophorus.
(10) There was gradual regeneration of epithelium which showed slow maturation from flat non-ciliated epithelium to partially cuboidal and columnar epithelium with some cilia showing early differentiation to respiratory epithelium.
(11) The pattern of microtubular organization resembles that of cilia modified for chemoreception rather than that of classic kinocilia.
(12) We observed distinct patterns in the distribution of cilia, microvilli, other cell projections, and the so called supraependymal structures.
(13) We investigated the ultrastructure of nasal cilia in 27 children suffering from recurrent infections of the upper respiratory tract, during and after the onset of an acute respiratory infection, and after a convalescent period of 12 weeks.
(14) Receptor cells with cilia were observed, and although the olfactory system undergoes further differentiation during pouch life and although the olfactory epithelium and bulb of the newborn differs from that of the adult, these facts do not preclude the ability of the newborn to detect smell.
(15) Prednisolone, a hormone morphogenetic in mammals appeared to be the most active in regenerating cilia.
(16) The isolated cells have an ovoid soma, a dendrite of variable length which terminates in a cilia-bearing knob and an axon, also of variable length.
(17) Receptors with intracellular cilia also lie below the epithelium and send dendrites bearing cilia to the surface.
(18) After 40-70 Gy, scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of vesicles on cilia, and club-like protrusions and adhesion of their tips.
(19) Cilia, primarily of the lamellibranch gill (Elliptio and Mytilus), have been examined in freeze-etch replicas.
(20) Ciliary abnormalities fell into four major categories: (1) cilia with a single axoneme and excess cytoplasmic matrix; (2) compound cilia; (3) intracytoplasmic microtubular doublets; and (4) cilia within periciliary sheaths.
Rotifer
Definition:
(n.) One of the Rotifera. See Illust. in Appendix.
Example Sentences:
(1) Lifespan is strongly correlated (0.7009) with the length of the reproductive period in the rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli.
(2) Two possible mechanisms are discussed to explain these results: (1) cortisone stabilization of lysosomal membranes, or (2) recognition of cortisone as a hormone capable of altering resource allocation by the rotifers.
(3) The rate of lipid peroxidation (LP) was measured in rotifers reared under conditions of continuous darkness (D:D), dietary restriction, vitamin E supplementation, or elevated temperatures.
(4) They show the same buoyant density as chitin and also as the chitin-containing layers of rotifer egg-shells.
(5) The rotifer Asplanchna releases into its environment a water-soluble, nondialyzable, pronase-sensitive factor which causes uncleaved eggs of another rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, to develop into individuals with a pair of long, movable spines which neither their mothers nor the unaffected controls have.
(6) The jaws (trophi) of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis are soluble in strong acids but are resistant to long treatments by strong alkali.
(7) Both high and low temperatures increased rotifer sensitivity to reference toxicants.
(8) To account for the mechanism of this unusual and novel effect it is proposed that these compounds interact with the anesthetic binding site of the rotifer cholinoceptor ionophore in the open state.
(9) It was shown by means of radiolabelling with 45 calcium that the rate of calcium accumulation in chelation-treated rotifers was markedly lower than in the untreated controls.
(10) Cortisone at 100 and 200 microM concentrations produced a significant increase in both life span and reproduction in the rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli.
(11) Extensions of life-span and reproductive period were achieved in the rotifer Mytilina brevispina var redunca by regular brief immersions in solutions of one of the following chelating agents, sodium citrate, sodium tartrate, EDTA, and EGTA.
(12) A number of compounds showing general anesthetic action in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were investigated in the presence of acetylcholine.
(13) In the summer of 1982-1983 it was observed an impairment on the daily cercarial harvests which was related to ambient temperature increase, and the presence of rotifers in the aquaria water.
(14) The magnitude of cannibalism in this rotifer may be dependent upon a complex suite of heterogeneous predator-prey interactions and greatly affected by shifting densities and distributions of different clones and female morphotypes.
(15) No response was observed when rotifers were exposed to aluminum chloride, mercury chloride, pentachlorophenol, sodium arsenite, sodium azide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, or zinc chloride.
(16) Examples are provided, derived from populations having rather different lifespans such as rotifers, flies, rats and horses.
(17) Furthermore, significant quantities of calcium, which increased throughout the life-span, were withdrawn from rotifers at chelation.
(18) The rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli shows a continuous decline in swimming activity through the course of its 5-day life span.
(19) The presence of acetylcholine in the culture medium was found to result in egg retention in the bdelloid rotifer Philodina acuticornis in a dose-dependent fashion, with no other discernible physiological effect.
(20) The results of this study indicate that levels of the SOR and lipid peroxides are coupled to rotifer life-span and that activation of phospholipase A2 may contribute to the elevation of these agents in older animals.