What's the difference between cipher and polygraphy?
Cipher
Definition:
(n.) A character [0] which, standing by itself, expresses nothing, but when placed at the right hand of a whole number, increases its value tenfold.
(n.) One who, or that which, has no weight or influence.
(n.) A character in general, as a figure or letter.
(n.) A combination or interweaving of letters, as the initials of a name; a device; a monogram; as, a painter's cipher, an engraver's cipher, etc. The cut represents the initials N. W.
(n.) A private alphabet, system of characters, or other mode of writing, contrived for the safe transmission of secrets; also, a writing in such characters.
(a.) Of the nature of a cipher; of no weight or influence.
(v. i.) To use figures in a mathematical process; to do sums in arithmetic.
(v. t.) To write in occult characters.
(v. t.) To get by ciphering; as, to cipher out the answer.
(v. t.) To decipher.
(v. t.) To designate by characters.
Example Sentences:
(1) The mother in Arthur Ransome's children's classic, Swallows and Amazons, is something of a cipher, but her inability to make basic decisions does mean she receives one of the finest telegrams in all literature.
(2) Ciphered informations of barcode-labels allow the automatic and nevertheless selective pipetting of samples by pipetting-robots.
(3) There's Diane, the co-founding partner at Alicia's law firm, who is neither bitch nor secretly unfulfilled nor shrew; Alicia herself, an almost uniquely stoic female character; Kalinda, who – well, she just kicks ass in every way, don't get me started; Peter's mother, who sits like a sweetly smiling spider in the middle of the domestic web; and even the Florricks' 14-year-old daughter is not a screaming teenage cipher but a thoughtful and considered player in this increasingly brilliant ensemble piece.
(4) When the lieutenant commander who first commanded the JFIT gave evidence to the Mousa inquiry – identified only by the cipher SO40 – he described an operation in which prisoners were handled in a clinical but basically humane fashion.
(5) Neuropharmacological studies with the compound 2-methyl, 3-phenyl, 3-methyltransxydroxasino-propiophenon hydrochloride with cipher PS1, were carried out on rats as well as follow-up of development of drug dependence after continuous usage of the substance.
(6) "Barristers have to ask themselves the question: are they merely the conduit, are they merely a paid cipher whose job is to do whatever hatchet job they can?"
(7) Such process of "archaeology" seems to be the only suitable to supply us the cipher-key of the ambiguous, shifty character of oxygen, and entrust us with a cultural patrimony being unique as it is spendable in an immediate clinical future.
(8) But naturally, she thinks it’s wrong to suggest, as Sturgeon appeared to, that one referendum was just what she calls a “cipher” for the other, not least because – to take just one example – some 400,000 SNP supporters voted for Brexit.
(9) Moreover, vaccination is practically innocuous and prevaccination screening tests are only profitable with prevalences os seropositivity higher than 28% in the case of MIR-R1 and 29.55% in the case of staff doctors which are ciphers much higher than those of the prevalence of seropositivity normally found among Spanish hospital personnel.
(10) He is really a cipher in all this, a token representative,” said Philip Bowring, a Hong Kong-based commentator and former editor of the Far East Economic Review.
(11) For he is simply a cipher, too often a regurgitator of policy-lite platitudes.
(12) The spread in government bond yields between Italy and Germany, which seems to have become the sole cipher of our political future, appears already to be decreasing, though, so all must be well.
(13) When we can see the horrors ourselves, we don't need a cipher.
(14) Uniqueness of restoration of the monomers sequence of the ciphering based upon known set [Sj(m)] is proved.
(15) Detained by immigration officials and facing deportation to Vietnam, he appealed to SIAC, where he was given the cipher B2.
(16) The interior ministry's special technology and communications group published a tender earlier this month on the government procurement website offering the sum for "research work, Tor cipher".
(17) Heuristic method for restoration of the monomer sequence in the ciphering based upon some characteristics of molecular weight distributions (such as Sj(m)-number of the fragments with the weight m containing j unbroken bonds) is considered.
(18) The details of the case are reduced to a legal algebra, where we are only allowed to refer to a Mr Z, and Mr Justice Tugendhat's ruling was published in an impenetrable cipher – ZAM v CFW and TFW.
(19) Eventhough found ciphers could be considered like bordering normal values, there is a difference statistically significance in relation with the values that were found in sane subjects.
(20) Now, when she looks back at Bletchley, the Government Code and Cipher School known to the inmates as simply "the Park", it seems like a high-pressure academy, or even a university.
Polygraphy
Definition:
(n.) Much writing; writing of many books.
(n.) The art of writing in various ciphers, and of deciphering the same.
(n.) The art or practice of using a polygraph.
Example Sentences:
(1) The implications of these data both for the practice of Interrogative Polygraphy and the interpretation of the P300 are discussed.
(2) All night sleep polygraphy was performed on 8 normal male subjects under each of the following 9 conditions: baseline, TZM 0.25 mg, FZP 15 mg, white noise alone, noise and TZM, noise and FZP, MPD alone, MPD and TZM, and MPD and FZP.
(3) The sleep pattern and conditions at the time of awakening were investigated by means of polygraphy and tests in 6 healthy adult volunteers following administration of amineptine.
(4) We have presented an ambulatory monitoring and off-line data analysis system for sleep-wake polygraphy and have illustrated its use for the diagnosis of narcolepsy.
(5) We observed the attacks of nystagmus in a case of infantile spasms and carried out overnight sleep polygraphy.
(6) Sleep polygraphy studies are indicated only in specific situations.
(7) All tests (conventional sleep polygraphy, ICP measured by a transducer on the fontanel, CBV measured by isotopic labelling of red blood cells in vivo) were carried out without use of surgical procedures.
(8) Before considering the validity of the polygraph in these specific-effect terms, the paper notes some serious societal problems involved in the use of the polygraph, problems that suggest that polygraphy is appropriately characterized as a serious "social disease".
(9) The validity of polygraphy and echocardiography could not be assessed in the present work.
(10) The present study manipulated (between 32 subjects in a 2 x 2 design) two two-level, subjective factors in the paradigm: Perceived Accuracy of polygraphy (written and oral instructions characterising accuracy as high vs low) and Perceived Memorial Content (20 more complex, less personal, and less meaningful questions vs 6 less complex, more personal, and more meaningful questions).
(11) Such as assessment has not been carried out even in laboratory analogues of polygraphy.
(12) Nine children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, aged 2-14 years, were studied by overnight polygraphy for one night.
(13) A nocturnal polygraphy study was carried out in 55 patients with AS.
(14) The parameters used for sleep polygraphy were sleep stage, sleep latency, frequency of sleep stage shift per hour, average sleep depth, the gradient and intercept of a regression line of sleep depth against time, and subjective sleep.
(15) The author holds the view that this affection which is very frequent in other countries frequently escapes diagnosis in this country because the patients are not examined by sleep polygraphy which is essential for the diagnosis of HSA.
(16) The mineral pigments and ferric oxide dyes are used on a large scale in the paint and varnish industry, in building, chemical industry, polygraphy etc.
(17) The results of the direct percutaneous angiography were measured by means of a Doppler directional flow velocity device and registered on a polygraphy.
(18) The effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ), imipramine (IMP), nitrazepam (NZP) and amobarbital sodium (AMOB) on the REM period of sleep (REMP) was investigated on four subjects by means of all-night sleep polygraphy with the schedule PPPDDDPP where P is placebo and D active drug.
(19) The 11 cases are then presented with the analysis and interpretation of the EEG traces (17), as well as studies of olfactory activation of the EEF (6 subjects) and of afternoon sleep polygraphy (2 subjects).
(20) The MA-values were determined by means of a daytime polygraphy.