(n.) An official summons or notice given to a person to appear; the paper containing such summons or notice.
(n.) The act of citing a passage from a book, or from another person, in his own words; also, the passage or words quoted; quotation.
(n.) Enumeration; mention; as, a citation of facts.
(n.) A reference to decided cases, or books of authority, to prove a point in law.
Example Sentences:
(1) A manual search, derived from the references of these papers, was performed to obtain relevant citations for the years preceding 1970.
(2) Findings and conclusions cover the value of a core collection of journals, length of journal files, performance of certain bibliographic instruments in citation verification, and the implications of study data for library planning and management.
(3) More than 500 articles and books are organized by topic in a Citation Index giving authors and dates.
(4) OSHA issued citations in 94% of the cases, with fines ranging up to $58,400; the average fine was $1,991 per death.
(5) These three factors were also independently associated with more citations to participants' published work (P less than .05).
(6) Some suggestions for reducing these high levels of inaccuracy are that papers scheduled for publication with errors of citation should be returned to the author and checked completely and a permanent column specifically for misquotations could be inserted into the journal.
(7) Citations retrieved from the storesearch are input into an in-house computerized data base.
(8) Eighty-four percent of the discrete citations retrieved were from 664 periodicals subscribed to by both services.
(9) An analysis of biomedical engineering core journals provides statistical data about citation patterns in this discipline.
(10) The citations in the literature include only case reports.
(11) A citation for the honour came from one of his former pupils, Sarah Brown, the chancellor's wife.
(12) Fifty randomly selected references from a single monthly issue of The American Journal of Surgery; Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics; and Surgery were evaluated for citation and quotation errors.
(13) The number of citations found among 126 different databases and abstracting services that were examined varied: 39 had no citations to mosquitoes, but 13 (including life-sciences, medical and even popular-literature databases) had greater than 100 citations.
(14) Writing a chapter on retinal GABAB receptors is premature, as evidenced by the paucity of citations more than two years old.
(15) The unquestioning citation of a dogma of the Ancients until modern times is a common phenomenon in medical history.
(16) Computerized MEDLINE and SCIENCE CITATION searches were combined with review of reference lists from book chapters and articles to identify published randomized trials on steroid interventions.
(17) The official citation for the asteroid reads: "Iain M. Banks (1954-2013) was a Scottish writer best known for the Culture series of science fiction novels; he also wrote fiction as Iain Banks.
(18) Accompanying the article are tables of cases broken down by court system and by subject matter, and a subject compilation of 320 case citations.
(19) These structure-activity methods are introduced, and citations are given.
(20) However, the distribution of citation frequency values within a journal is extremely broad and skewed; therefore assigning the same value to all articles would not seem to serve the purpose of evaluation particularly well.
Passage
Definition:
(v. i.) The act of passing; transit from one place to another; movement from point to point; a going by, over, across, or through; as, the passage of a man or a carriage; the passage of a ship or a bird; the passage of light; the passage of fluids through the pores or channels of the body.
(v. i.) Transit by means of conveyance; journey, as by water, carriage, car, or the like; travel; right, liberty, or means, of passing; conveyance.
(v. i.) Price paid for the liberty to pass; fare; as, to pay one's passage.
(v. i.) Removal from life; decease; departure; death.
(v. i.) Way; road; path; channel or course through or by which one passes; way of exit or entrance; way of access or transit. Hence, a common avenue to various apartments in a building; a hall; a corridor.
(v. i.) A continuous course, process, or progress; a connected or continuous series; as, the passage of time.
(v. i.) A separate part of a course, process, or series; an occurrence; an incident; an act or deed.
(v. i.) A particular portion constituting a part of something continuous; esp., a portion of a book, speech, or musical composition; a paragraph; a clause.
(v. i.) Reception; currency.
(v. i.) A pass or en encounter; as, a passage at arms.
(v. i.) A movement or an evacuation of the bowels.
(v. i.) In parliamentary proceedings: (a) The course of a proposition (bill, resolution, etc.) through the several stages of consideration and action; as, during its passage through Congress the bill was amended in both Houses. (b) The advancement of a bill or other proposition from one stage to another by an affirmative vote; esp., the final affirmative action of the body upon a proposition; hence, adoption; enactment; as, the passage of the bill to its third reading was delayed.
Example Sentences:
(1) Release of 51Cr was apparently a function of immune thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) because it was abrogated by prior incubation of spleen cells with anti-thymus antiserum and complement but was undiminished by passage of spleen cells through nylon-wool columns.
(2) Exposure to nanomolar concentrations of saralasin, an Ang II agonist, attenuated the passage of the fluorophores across the monolayers by 50-75%.
(3) Cultured cells from fourth to ninth passage showed positive labelling for S 100 protein, carbonic anydrase (CAA), glutamine synthetase (GS), alpha cristallin (alpha C) and polyclonal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody, but were negative for both monoclonal GFAP antibody and also for Muller cells in the retina.
(4) In the case of the latter, it show either a more or less typical appearance of radicolography only or, more rarely, a picture which combines opacification of the epidural space with the subarachnoid passage of the contrast medium.
(5) After approximately 20 in vitro passages, Chinese hamster kidney (CHK) cell cultures transformed upon exposure to different strains of SV 40 can show a diploid modal chromosome number of 22 with chromosome counts exclusively or essentially in the diploid range (20-25).
(6) In late-passage and cloned HUT102 cells, an increase in HTLV production was concordant with a decrease in constitutive interferon production and the loss of mature T lymphocyte antigens.
(7) A reduction of salmonellae during the passage of the pump and pressure conduit-pipe, combining east- and west-side of Kiel fjord, could be seen.
(8) The resulting cell lines have a stable phenotype and retain the changes which result from transformation even after extended passaging.
(9) Abe’s longstanding efforts toward those goals, which include the successful passage of a state secrets act and efforts to expand the scope of Japan’s military activities have already damaged relations with China.
(10) It is inferred that in this experimental model (1) high-density lipoproteins are probably excreted in the glomerular filtrate, (2) alterations in the composition of the excreted lipoproteins may occur during their passage through the nephron.
(11) We report that kainic acid lesions of the posterior corpus striatum, which preferentially spare fibers of passage while destroying striatopallidal neurons, produce a stimulus-sensitive movement pattern in rats that has a highly specific sensory trigger.
(12) The cells have been maintained through 23 serial passages, and the modal number of chromosomes was calculated to be 55.
(13) The rate of passage of digesta was significantly reduced in both pair-fed control (50 per cent) and infected (74 per cent) groups.
(14) Unlike cells grown on plastic, RME cells grown on type I collagen were readily subculturable and serial subculture resulted in the cells undergoing 15-20 population doublings (5-6 passages) before exhibiting any loss of growth potential.
(15) The major difficulty encountered with the current technique is the danger of neurologic injury during the passage and handling of conventional wires, especially in extensive procedures.
(16) In addition, SPT16 is identical to CDC68, a gene previously shown to be required for passage through the cell cycle control point START.
(17) Selective catheterisation enabled opacification under pressure in more than 80 p. cent of cases, with perfect visualisation of the entire tubes and significant peritoneal passage.
(18) The effects of Urocalun and jumping exercise upon the passage of calculi were studied.
(19) The alterations in the glycosaminoglycans and collagen induced by hypoxia may cause changes in the passage of macromolecules through the aortic wall.
(20) Despite the lack of expression of the endogenous CYP17 gene in transfectants from late-passage cells, induced luciferase activity was higher in late-passage transfectants than early-passage transfectants for both the -2544 and -488 constructs.