What's the difference between clandestine and espionage?

Clandestine


Definition:

  • (a.) Conducted with secrecy; withdrawn from public notice, usually for an evil purpose; kept secret; hidden; private; underhand; as, a clandestine marriage.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Galli said there were already about 200,000 hospitalisations of women who have undergone a clandestine termination every year, and a suspected 1 million illegal abortions before the epidemic.
  • (2) A 4-methyl derivative of aminorex has recently appeared on the clandestine market as a designer drug.
  • (3) A series of clandestine lunches has been held by Stuart Wheeler, a former Tory donor who is now trying to persuade MPs to jump ship.
  • (4) Only 2 married men informed their female sex partner (regular partner) of their clandestine activity.
  • (5) The deep state originally meant the military, police and intelligence networks which assigned themselves the task of defending the secular Kemalist regime against both Islamists and leftists and often used clandestine means to do so.
  • (6) The microfilmed files obtained by the CIA – in what the Americans described as a "clandestine operation" which may have included a pay-off to a rogue KGB agent – are the key because they contain copies of the card indexes of the HVA, listing the real names of all the agents, informers and targets of the Stasi's foreign operations.
  • (7) We announce that there will be no differentiation between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ Taliban ,” he said, referring to the Pakistani military’s long history of clandestine support for those militant groups it believes support its own strategic objectives.
  • (8) Liberalization of abortion laws occurred to reduce or eliminate the disastrous effects of criminal abortions performed by unskilled people under clandestine and unsafe conditions.
  • (9) Ten more dead and 900 clandestine migrants ready to disembark,” Salvini said on Wednesday.
  • (10) Most importantly, he sat on the intelligence committee, the Senate’s sole oversight board of the clandestine agencies, where he was one of just a few dissenting members.
  • (11) The former Belfast IRA commander Brendan Hughes posthumously claimed in taped testimony, for the US university Boston College, that Gerry Adams gave the order for the widow to be shot dead but buried clandestinely in order to avoid any negative publicity for the republican movement.
  • (12) But those involved in the clandestine discussions over the past few days said there had to be secrecy, partly because Clegg had said he must talk to the Conservatives first.
  • (13) More alarmingly, since 2008, when a local tabloid newspaper published photographs of a clandestine gay wedding in Dakar, police have been cracking down, many homosexuals have gone into hiding or fled abroad (including to Gambia, whose president told them they should leave again within 24 hours or face decapitation), nine gay activists have been jailed after coming out, and the bodies of at least four gay men have been exhumed from their graves and dragged through the streets by jeering mobs.
  • (14) In surveys of poverty neighborhoods in New York City conducted in 1965 and 1967, it became apparent that clandestine abortions were more frequently reported as occurring when the woman was married and had one to three children than before marriage or after three children had already been born.
  • (15) Park said the ballooning would be done clandestinely, with the pace picking up in March when he expects the wind direction to become more favourable.
  • (16) It knew Iguala was a clandestine cemetery.” Omar Garcia, one of several Ayotzinapa students who survived the attack, said the incident had crystalised the widespread sense that political corruption was driving Mexico’s descent into violence.
  • (17) Infanticide remained clandestine in ages when the Church was powerful.
  • (18) In 2011 the army was humiliated by the unilateral US special forces raid on the lair of former al-Qaida chief Osama bin Laden and the persistence of supposedly clandestine strikes by US drones, the advanced unmanned aircraft Washington has refused to share with Pakistan.
  • (19) Our meeting is not clandestine, exactly: we sit by the window to eat our open sandwiches.
  • (20) There were clandestine reporter meetings in Washington, Munich, and London.

Espionage


Definition:

  • (n.) The practice or employment of spies; the practice of watching the words and conduct of others, to make discoveries, as spies or secret emissaries; secret watching.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) I believe that truth sets man free.” It was a curious stance for someone who spent many years undercover as a counter-espionage informant, a government propagandist, and unofficial asset of the Central Intelligence Agency.
  • (2) In addition to the threat of industrial espionage to sustain this position, there is an inherent risk of Chinese equipment being used for intelligence purposes.
  • (3) Based on documents leaked by whistleblower Edward Snowden, the New York Times and ProPublica reported on Thursday that the Justice Department in 2012 permitted the NSA to use widespread surveillance authorities passed by Congress to stop terrorism and foreign espionage in order to find digital signatures associated with high-level cyber intrusions.
  • (4) Besides tolerating commercial espionage via hacking, it also allows the hosting of thousands of sites that help spammers rip people off around the world.
  • (5) Though the exercises have given the US a chance to vent its frustration at what appears to be state-sponsored espionage and theft on an industrial scale, China has been belligerent.
  • (6) The case’s documents are devoid of any type of espionage or participation in it,” a defence lawyer told Reuters.
  • (7) And the fact that the disclosures have led to the highest journalism rewards, have led to historic reforms in the US and around the world – all of that would be irrelevant in a prosecution under the espionage laws in the United States.” Snowden also could face an untold number of additional charges if he returned to the United States.
  • (8) His novel Fatal Weakness deals with espionage between China and the US and has been published on the internet in China.
  • (9) David Kairys, a civil rights attorney who has advised the group, said that the Espionage Act – used aggressively under the Bush and Obama administrations to pursue leakers such as Chelsea Manning and Snowden – would not have applied as there was no espionage involved in the Media case.
  • (10) The Obama administration has launched seven prosecutions under the Espionage Act , which Manning is also facing, more than double the number initiated by all previous presidents combined.
  • (11) "We wanted a backdrop of global espionage, and then the goal was to ignore it as much as possible to focus on people bickering," Reed explains.
  • (12) Many foreign nations have also now realized that the scope of US spying exceeds any reasonable standard of behavior, so much so that if there are any bombshells remaining in the documents taken by Snowden, they would most likely relate to the specific targets of overseas espionage.
  • (13) In such cases, ministerial authorisation is required (section 8) and before giving it, the minister must be satisfied that the Australian is “a person of interest” – ie involved in terrorism or espionage or serious crime.
  • (14) In a press conference yesterday Ponomarev insisted that the European military observers working under the auspices of Germany's foreign ministry were engaged in espionage.
  • (15) An Egyptian prosecutor on Sunday accused the ousted Islamist president of passing state secrets to Iran's Revolutionary Guard, the first such explicit detail in an ongoing espionage trial.
  • (16) In its final version, MI5 claimed: "Intelligence indicates that MIRANDA is likely to be involved in espionage activity which has the potential to act against the interests of UK national security ... We assess that MIRANDA is knowingly carrying material, the release of which would endanger people's lives.
  • (17) Fifty years on, the exhibition illustrates what now appears to be primitive methods of espionage.
  • (18) Far from absurd and fictitious, state-led cyber espionage is perfectly logical and real.
  • (19) Meanwhile, Senator Lieberman has indicated that the New York Times and other news organisations using the WikiLeaks cables may be investigated for breaking US espionage laws.
  • (20) • The US National Security Agency was forced on Sunday to deny that its director ever discussed a surveillance operation against the German chancellor with President Barack Obama , as the White House tried to contain a full-scale diplomatic crisis over espionage directed at allied countries.