(n.) The act or process of making clear or transparent, by freeing visible impurities; as, the clarification of wine.
(n.) The act of freeing from obscurities.
Example Sentences:
(1) Many problems at the macroscopic level require clarification of how an animal uses a compartment of suite of muscles and whether morphological differences reflect functional ones.
(2) It is concluded that laparoscopy is an extremely useful procedure for the clarification of pelvic pain and other gynecological symptoms.
(3) For the clarification of the site of action of CsA, Ca2+ influx and endocytosis of receptors after stimulation with anti-CD3 antibody were monitored in the presence of CsA, and no significant effects of CsA were observed.
(4) Unresolved etiological issues requiring clarification in the near future include the following: (1) Are stressful events important in the development of panic, or are they more incidentally related?
(5) The differential solubilization of PL- and GH-binding sites may facilitate purification of the two distinct receptors and clarification of their respective roles in the regulation of fetal and postnatal growth.
(6) The Guardian has asked for clarification of the retailer's position and is awaiting a response.
(7) Clarification of responsibility within the various federal agencies and application of available knowledge and technology are essential.
(8) In these cases the procedure of arthroscopy can be recommended for preoperative clarification of cases of obscure posttraumatic wrist symptoms.
(9) The biological significance of MBP adherence to immune cells still needs clarification.
(10) Lastly, we can expect greater clarification about the importance of various 11q13 genes found coamplified in nearly 20% of primary breast cancers, and pursuit into the intriguing possibility that a cyclin-encoding gene represents the overexpressed locus of real interest in this amplicon.
(11) Clarification: Jirehouse Capital and Stephen Jones - see Clarification and footnote Jailed British property developer Scot Young, an associate of Russian oligarch Boris Berezovsky, constructed a secret network of offshore companies to hold his assets during a multimillion-pound divorce battle, according to the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ's) research.
(12) Greater clarification has resulted since the discussion at the 38th Stomach Cancer Research Meeting on the frequency of a cancer developing in the remaining portion of a stomach after excision of a previous gastric cancer.
(13) When applied to the intact cornea, BAC with or without Na2EDTA caused only slight clarification of the endothelial cytoplasm, whilst in a few mitochondria the cristae were displaced.
(14) determination could make a contribution to the etiological clarification of, for example, immediate-type uveitis cases and intra-ocular parasitosis and serve as an appropriate model to study intra-ocular immunomechanisms.
(15) Although the molecular basis for the selective activation by contact and respiratory allergens of TH1 and TH2 cells, respectively, awaits clarification, these qualitative differences in immune response provide opportunities for the identification and evaluation of chemical sensitizers.
(16) The ambiguity of a solitary lung shadow (or at the most two or three opacities) with a known primary breast cancer requires clarification without delay as to its histologic nature so that proper treatment can be instituted and an accurate prognosis given.
(17) I can’t think of any reason to justify a 1.5% levy on businesses for childcare purposes.” The Australian Industry Group also called for a clarification that the levy was not going to be redirected.
(18) The large proportion of negative samples within 24 hours of intercourse in this and other studies needs clarification.
(19) The concept of the primal scene is in need of redefinition and clarification.
(20) "You always seemed so straight," she said by way of clarification.
Refinement
Definition:
(n.) The act of refining, or the state of being refined; as, the refinement or metals; refinement of ideas.
(n.) That which is refined, elaborated, or polished to excess; an affected subtilty; as, refinements of logic.
Example Sentences:
(1) The patients had a high AP, consumed more alcohol, were more well-fed, older and consumed more refined carbohydrates per 1 kg bw and less cholesterol and vegetable protein.
(2) After restrained least-squares refinement of the enzyme-substrate complex with the riboflavin omitted from the model, additional electron density appeared near the pyrophosphate, which indicated the presence of an ADPR molecule in the FAD binding site of PHBH.
(3) Well-refined x-ray structures of the liganded forms of the wild-type and a mutant protein isolated from a strain defective in chemotaxis but fully competent in transport have provided a molecular view of the sugar-binding site and of a site for interacting with the Trg transmembrane signal transducer.
(4) To meet these prerequisites we have introduced some technical refinements: (1) computer-controlled rectilinear translations of the target in combination with different angular positions of the source and (2) computer-controlled rotations of the target around a vertical axis in combination with different angular positions of the source.
(5) Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) was conceptualized more than 35 years ago, but its clinical application only flourished in the past 10 years after a number of technical refinements.
(6) In 1984 the press-fit condylar knee was first introduced and was intended to provide a condylar knee system primarily for posterior cruciate retention that addressed refinements in metallurgy, prosthetic geometry and sizing, cementless fixation, inventory management, and instrumentation.
(7) Obviously, the sheer number of lasers being used both clinically and experimentally indicates a great potential for further advancement and refinement in technique and surgical outcomes.
(8) Phases from x-ray structure factors (R = 0.43) computed from this model were then used in the calculation of another electron density map against which the model was further refined.
(9) Staging classifications are being refined to reflect increasing knowledge of important prognostic indicators, e.g., absence or presence of lymph node involvement, pattern of lymph node involvement, and absence or presence of visceral disease.
(10) The ordered aspect of the genetic code table makes this result a plausible starting point for studies of the origin and evolution of the genetic code: these could include, besides a more refined optimization principle at the logical level, some effects more directly related to the physico-chemical context, and the construction of realistic models incorporating both aspects.
(11) The structure of Mn(III) superoxide dismutase (Mn(III)SOD) from Thermus thermophilus, a tetramer of chains 203 residues in length, has been refined by restrained least-squares methods.
(12) Based on the refined atomic coordinates of the tRNAphe in the orthorhombic crystal, on the recent advances in the distance dependence of the ring-current magnetic field effects and on the adopted values for the isolated hydrogen-bonded NH resonances, a computed spectrum consisting of 23 protons was constructed.
(13) It can be used as a simple screening procedure to help determine which of many possible anthelmintic control strategies should be selected for more detailed examination in the field, and it provides a theoretical framework within which ideas concerning the epidemiology of parasitic gastroenteritis can be assessed and refined.
(14) The advances in lid and orbital surgery are due to the improvements made in diagnostic equipment and to technical refinements.
(15) The group’s refining business performed better than expected, more than doubling profit to $2.2bn from $1bn.
(16) They also suggest that both the migration of cortical neurons on glia and the refinement of the mapping between the peripheral whisker field and its cortical representation may depend upon the distribution of substrate adhesion molecules.
(17) Thus the present study gives support for a protective effect associated with a fiber-rich or vegetable-rich diet, while it indicates that frequent consumption of refined starchy foods, eggs and fat-rich foods such as cheese and red meat is a risk factor for colo-rectal cancer.
(18) Synthesis and discussion is focused on five major areas in which gerontological continuity and change are evidenced: 1) transformation of basic themes over time; 2) gerontology's identity crisis; 3) the social ideology of gerontology; 4) evolution and refinement of gerontological ideas and methods; and 5) temporal frameworks.
(19) The course content and format were refined after 11 pharmacists completed a pilot program.
(20) This has led to important advances in our understanding of the mechanism of axonal guidance, the physiology of neurotrophic factors and the establishment and refinement of neural connections.