(a.) Incised nearly to the midrib; as, a cleft leaf.
(n.) A space or opening made by splitting; a crack; a crevice; as, the cleft of a rock.
(n.) A piece made by splitting; as, a cleft of wood.
(n.) A disease in horses; a crack on the band of the pastern.
Example Sentences:
(1) Intraepidermal clefting starts at the junction between the basal and epidermal layers, and later involves all of the levels of the stratum spinosum.
(2) Closure of both cleft spaces by orthodontic means was achieved in 20 of the 21 patients in the first group, and in 14 of the 20 patients in the second group.
(3) In the absence of prostigmine, increasing the concentration of ACh in the synaptic cleft did not change the time constant for decay of end-plate currents.
(4) Both types of oral cleft, cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip with or without CP (CLP), segregate in these families together with lower lip pits or fistulae in an autosomal dominant mode with high penetrance estimated to be K = .89 and .99 by different methods.
(5) Three different structures have been observed among the binding proteins: unliganded 'open cleft', liganded 'open cleft', and liganded 'closed cleft'.
(6) Retrognathia or retrusion of the maxilla and mid-face is present in about one-third of treated cleft palate patients.
(7) At S-L clefts, paranodal-nodal regions, and Schwann cell nuclei, the axonal areas were smaller and the NF densities were higher than at compact myelinated regions.
(8) Cleft palate was found in 98.1% of fetuses in the positive control group and none of them in the negative control group.
(9) Recent reports have indicated the usefulness of nuclear grooves (clefts or notches) as an additional criterion for the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma in fine needle aspirates; most of these studies were carried out on alcohol-fixed material stained with the Papanicolaou stain or with hematoxylin and eosin, which yield good nuclear details.
(10) The question of how the contraction of adjacent endothelial cells might widen the intercellular clefts and thus regulate permeability is discussed.
(11) An examination of 9720 Zagreb school children, 6-13 years of age, revealed submucous cleft palate (SMCP) in 5 and cleft uvula in 232.
(12) These factors include narrowing of septal arteries and the artery to the atrioventricular node, preservation of fetal anatomy with dispersion in the atrioventricular node and His bundle, fibrosis of the sinus node, clefts in the septum, multiple atrioventricular pathways and massive myocardial infarction.
(13) Although maternal ingestion of antiepileptic drugs is strongly suspected of causing congenital defects, particularly oral clefts, the effect of epilepsy itself or a combined effect of drug intake and epilepsy have not been excluded as etiological factors.
(14) To clarify the mechanism by which retinoid causes cleft palate, we investigated the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on proliferation activity and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis in mouse fetuses palatal mesenchymal (MFPM) cells.
(15) The blood lymphocytes were small with scanty cytoplasm, densely condensed nuclear chromatin, and deep clefts originating in sharp angles from the nuclear surface.
(16) The familial association of epilepsy and cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL (P)) is analyzed assuming both entities share common genetic predisposing factors.
(17) In the following, there will be indicated the approved techniques and methods of suturing the cleft palate and a new method will be discussed related to the reciprocal Z-type plastic operation.
(18) Fifty per cent of the children with clefts of the palate and lip had deviated nasal septum producing nasal obstruction.
(19) A family is reported of 500 facial cleft index cases, attendees for plastic surgery review at hospitals in northern England.
(20) An infant with a complete unilateral cleft of the lip and palate underwent maxillary expansion treatment using an oral orthopedic appliance.
Pastern
Definition:
(n.) The part of the foot of the horse, and allied animals, between the fetlock and the coffin joint. See Illust. of Horse.
(n.) A shackle for horses while pasturing.
(n.) A patten.
Example Sentences:
(1) Other applications, the discussion of which is beyond the scope of this article, include evaluation of the pastern for injuries to the SDF, DDF, and oblique sesamoidean ligament, and evaluation of the navicular bursae.
(2) The palmar metacarpal nerves usually do not innervate structures distal to the pastern joint.
(3) The front foot pastern angle was correlated positively with structural soundness scores, suggesting that sows with smaller angles (more sloping) were given more desirable soundness scores.
(4) Feed intake (FI), rectal temperature (RT), and respiration rate (RR) were recorded daily, and heart rate (HR) and infrared temperatures at the ear canal (ECT), ear tip (ETT), pastern (PT), coronary band (CBT), and tail tip (TTT) were recorded weekly.
(5) Most of these were located below the pastern (90.5%) and most lesions involved hindlimbs (79%).
(6) Arthrodesis of the pastern joint was performed in six horses with a history of acute trauma and in 10 horses with a history of chronic lameness of one to six months duration.
(7) Clinical, radiographical, scintigraphical and histological effects on the navicular bone after resection of the medial and lateral palmar digital arteries in the pastern of one forelimb in ponies are evaluated.
(8) Adhesion formation between the deep digital flexor tendon and the tendon sheath at the pastern region was induced in the forelimbs of all horses.
(9) Immediately following neurectomy there was an area of insensitivity with sharply defined borders extending in an arc from the back of the pastern down towards the bulbs of the heels.
(10) The phenotypic abnormalities observed in all 10 live affected animals included an inability to rise from a recumbent position, moderate to marked intention tremor, eye movements resembling pendular nystagmus, clinical deafness, bilateral Horner's syndrome, carpal contractures, pastern joint hyperextension, thickened skin and to a varying degree, a dome-shaped skull.
(11) The short incomplete sagittal fracture (split pastern) was most common and carried a good prognosis for a return to racing following conservative treatment.
(12) Similarities included abortions, contracture or overextension of the pastern joint, permanent flexure of the carpal joint, lateral rotation of the forelimbs, osteoporosis and bone fragility, and brachygnathia.
(13) The horses were found to be suffering from a slow progressive skin disease with lesions on the chest, shoulders, inner and lateral aspects of the fore- and hindlimbs, the face, fetlocks, pasterns and on the lateral surfaces of the body.
(14) Modest to moderate flexure of the carpal joints, some lateral deviation in the front limbs at the pastern joint and kinked tails were observed.
(15) Sows that survived three parities tended to have larger body capacity (girth diameter and width across hams) and smaller front and bind pastern angles and angles of the carpal joint and hock at maximum flex than did culled sows.
(16) Bony swellings were obvious in the pastern area of both forelegs.
(17) Early dietary energy and Ca-P levels did not influence number of sows completing three parities or culled for various reasons, front and hind pastern angles, the angles at the hock and carpal joint or rear view measurements, but sows fed ad libitum to 100 kg had a larger frame size even after three parities.
(18) The causes, clinical signs and various approaches to treatment of injuries involving the foot and pastern regions are reviewed, and the prognosis for each type of injury is discussed.
(19) Leg angle, pastern angle and time variables were not related with average skid resistance value of the different floors.