(n.) The common chamber into which the intestinal, urinary, and generative canals discharge in birds, reptiles, amphibians, and many fishes.
Example Sentences:
(1) A beta-lactamase has been purified from a strain of Enterobacter cloacae.
(2) We concluded that abdominal irradiation caused the invasion of E. cloacae from the mucous membrane of the intestine and inhibited formation of lung metastases.
(3) Decreased uptake of 51CrO4(2-) in E. cloacae strain HO1 was observed under aerobic conditions, when compared with a standard laboratory E. cloacae strain (IAM 1624).
(4) Spontaneous Ro 23-6240-resistant mutants were only isolated from Enterobacter cloacae with a frequency similar to that of ciprofloxacin (4.8 X 10(-8) and 2.4 X 10(-8), respectively).
(5) Against gram-negative bacteria, especially, Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii, it was also more active than the other antibiotics tested, but against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, it was less active than ceftazidime.
(6) In an investigation of the influence of the ampD gene on beta-lactamase production and induction in Enterobacter cloacae, the ampR-ampC gene region cloned into a plasmid and the ampD gene cloned into another vector were transferred to a strain of Escherichia coli.
(7) Reactive fibres contributed to subepithelial plexuses in the esophagus, colon, rectum and cloaca.
(8) Synergy of CGP 31608 and gentamicin was found against 90% P. aeruginosa, 60% Enterobacter cloacae, and 50% Serratia marcescens strains.
(9) Skin infection (Staphylococcus aureus, 2 cases), total parenteral nutrition mixture contamination (Enterobacter cloacae, 2 cases), and hematogenous seeding of the catheter tip (Yersinia enterocolitica, 1 case, and Streptococcus faecalis, 1 case) accounted for the remaining six septic episodes.
(10) One Klebsiella pneumoniae and two Enterobacter cloacae strains were selected for studies on their mechanisms of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.
(11) Staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and cephalosporinase-overproducing strains of Enterobacter cloacae were resistant to cefetamet.
(12) Forty-eight cases were due to Enterobacter cloacae and five were due to Ent.
(13) Enterobacter cloacae NUH10 was isolated at Nagasaki University Hospital in 1987.
(14) Some strains of beta-galactosidase-positive Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter cloacae were also positive by the enzyme capture assay, indicating that the antibodies were not entirely specific for E. coli beta-galactosidase; however, five other gas-positive non-E. coli isolates were negative by the enzyme capture assay.
(15) In other settings, concern over the resistance of organisms, such as Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, will result in the use of aminoglycosides with these relatively beta-lactamase-stable cephalosporins.
(16) MICs of temocillin, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin and ampicillin were determined for mutant series of Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgaris, Morganella morganii and Serratia marcescens with inducible, stably derepressed or basal expression of chromosomal Class I beta-lactamases.
(17) However, sodium sulfite in TLYS and m-T7S did not significantly improve the detection of chlorine-treated E. cloacae, and m-Endo was the least effective medium for recovering chlorinated bacteria.
(19) Between mid-1970 and April 1, 1971, Enterobacter cloacae or E. agglomerans septicemia developed in 378 patients in 25 American hospitals while they were receiving intravenous products manufactured by one company.
(20) The enzyme isolated from Enterobacter cloacae was found to be the most susceptible.
Cloacal
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to a cloaca.
Example Sentences:
(1) Cloacal exstrophy, centered on the maldevelopment of the primitive streak mesoderm and cloacal membrane, results in bladder and intestinal exstrophy, omphalocele, gender confusion, and hindgut deformity.
(2) There were 7 girls with cloacal malformations, 7 girls with high type and 7 with low type of malformation.
(3) A total of three hundred and ninety nine isolates of Salmonella enterica were recovered from 3106 cloacal swab cultures, chicken carcasses and environmental samples taken from a broiler breeding farm over six successive generations.
(4) Bacteriologic examinations of the phallus-tissues and cloacal mucous membranes of healthy juvenile ganders showed microorganisms of the same genera or family, except Mycoplasma and Candida spp.
(5) Cloacal temperature was significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) increased above control cloacal temperature at 90 minutes after the administration of ketamine, and from 10 through 90 minutes after administration of ketamine plus xylazine.
(6) Sperm were not transported into the cloacae of artificially inseminated, anesthetized females without prior administration of norepinephrine to their cloacal mounds.
(7) 2 mycoplasma strains were isolated, one from the phallic lymph of a gander and the other from a cloacal swab of a laying goose.
(8) The physiological bases of this spontaneous recovery are discussed as well as the detailed relationships between plasma testosterone and cloacal gland size.
(9) We have developed a model for cloacal exstrophy in the chick embryo using the Cavitron AO 300 CO2 laser.
(10) Rupture of the presumed cloacal membrane after 22 weeks in this case is inconsistent with our current understanding of the embryology of this anomaly, and should stimulate a reexamination of the current concepts.
(11) The virus was first detected in different organs and in oral and cloacal swabs on the third day after infection.
(12) Virus isolation was attempted on 728 cloacal samples from native and exotic psittacine birds, non-psittacine birds, and domestic chickens and ducks.
(13) Where no hymen was visible, we have found in a limited experience that the rectal opening was high in the pelvis in some degree of the so-called cloacal deformity.
(14) This paper describes a variety of surgical techniques which have been employed in three patients with cloacal anomalies, at the Kobe Children's Hospital during a period from 1977 to 1983.
(15) Eleven cases of cloacal dysgenesis from the experience in the Baylor affiliated hospitals from 1969 to 1977 are reviewed.
(16) We suggest, therefore, that egg retention is caused by a spasm or increased tone of the cloacal sphincter rather than a paralysis of muscles needed in the peristaltic expulsion of the egg.
(17) Mortality, plasma glucose levels, and surface and cloacal temperatures were lower for females whose feed was restricted than for those fed AL.
(18) The infection profile and cloacal shedding of ALV in chickens exposed to ALV and inoculated with immunodepressive viruses or CY were compared with those in hatchmates exposed only to ALV.
(19) One patient with a cloacal anomaly had partial dehiscence of the sacroperineal incision following total reconstruction.
(20) Isolated and identified were a total of 117 Salmonella heidelberg strains from carcasses, cloacal samples, eggs, and litter.