What's the difference between cloture and invoke?

Cloture


Definition:

  • (n.) See Closure, 5.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Just six of them – Elizabeth Warren, Sherrod Brown, Al Franken, Joe Manchin, Claire McCaskill and Vermont independent Bernie Sanders – voted against the procedural cloture motion that ended debate on the bill, though a total of 22 Democrats were against final passage.
  • (2) The Democrats need 60 votes to achieve "cloture" or avoid a filibuster, and that seems near-impossible.
  • (3) Passage of the compromise amendment is by no means guaranteed, with a number of those voting for the cloture motion still expected to vote against the bill itself.
  • (4) Reid will bring a so-called 'motion to proceed' vote on Wednesday followed by a 'cloture' vote to end debate on Friday or Saturday.
  • (5) Reid will bring a so-called motion to proceed vote on Wednesday followed by a cloture vote to end debate on Friday or Saturday.
  • (6) It turns out that the threat Reid acted on today was broader than the one defused in July: this one eliminates the 60-vote cloture threshold for executive and judicial nominees; the summer threat only dealt with executive nominees.
  • (7) After promising to bring the compromise to the floor, majority leader Mitch McConnell opted not to set up a normal cloture vote, choosing instead to use a procedural maneuver known as a “ motion to table ”, in which lawmakers were essentially voting to discard the bill.
  • (8) Senator Dianne Feinstein, a California Democrat and longtime Freedom Act skeptic, brought herself to support the bill during the cloture motion for precisely that reason.
  • (9) In the end, the procedural motion, known as cloture, passed with the support of all 55 members of the Senate's Democratic caucus, who were joined by 12 of their Republican colleagues.
  • (10) Even if all four voted with Democrats for the USA Freedom Act, they would need 10 more Republicans to reach the 60 votes needed for cloture.
  • (11) The overall majority of 68 to 31 in favour of the so-called "cloture" motion to proceed to a gun vote comfortably cleared the 60-vote hurdle needed to prevent a filibuster – the tactic typically employed by Republicans, who are in minority in the Senate.
  • (12) Nevertheless, it is far from clear that there are enough Republican votes to reach cloture on the USA Freedom Act either.
  • (13) Two Democrats voted against the cloture vote: Mark Begich of Alaska and Mark Pryor of Arkansas.
  • (14) The Senate’s rules are notoriously complex and the vote last night was “on cloture on the motion to proceed”, which means it sought to limit debate on a motion to actually reconsider the bill.
  • (15) Thursday’s cloture vote – to bring debate to a close – happened in the middle of a jam-packed Senate schedule in advance of the Memorial Day recess.
  • (16) There would have to be a major change of heart from at least one Republican in order to avoid a filibuster or make cloture.
  • (17) Both cloture votes – on USA Freedom and the Patriot Act extension – could come as early as later on Thursday after an equally close-fought battle to pass trade “fast-track” legislation and few would predict which way they would now go.
  • (18) Despite attempts by Senator Rand Paul to separate the Syrian authorisation from the wider bill on the grounds that it deserved a separate debate, just 27 senators stood in the way of the cloture motion which allowed Obama to avoid a potentially embarrassing direct vote.
  • (19) However, this would still require Democrats to vote against the procedural “cloture” motion that is needed to bring debate to a close, and it was not yet clear on Tuesday morning whether all those reluctantly supporting the Iran deal would be prepared to do this and risk being accused of filibustering such an important vote.
  • (20) This is because cloture motions on both bills to bring debate to a close will take two days to complete, pushing final votes back until at least Saturday.

Invoke


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To call on for aid or protection; to invite earnestly or solemnly; to summon; to address in prayer; to solicit or demand by invocation; to implore; as, to invoke the Supreme Being, or to invoke His and blessing.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Proceeding from the observation that organic anions bound to albumin have hepatic extraction fractions that are unexpectedly high, we have studied a distributed model that accounts for this phenomenon by invoking sites on the cell surface that catalyze the dissociation of albumin-anion complexes.
  • (2) Sheep erythrocytes ingested by guinea pig peritoneal macrophages in vitro, and permitted to undergo digestion for various periods, were found after some hours to lose the capacity to induce antibodies while gaining the ability to invoke delayed hypersensitivity.
  • (3) Questions are raised about the recent tendency in psychoanalytic theory to develop or invoke different theories of defense to explain a broad range of clinical phenomena.
  • (4) The chondrocytes mature and hypertrophy in the orthotopic site without invoking an immune response.
  • (5) The main metabolite of spin-labeled thio-TEPA is spin-labeled TEPA, where oxidative desulfurization is invoked as the main metabolic mechanism.
  • (6) In Baghdad, no other name invokes the same sort of reaction among the nation's power base – discomfort, uncertainty and fear.
  • (7) Thus one of the other mechanisms proposed must be invoked to explain the pathogenesis of the PIVH: rupture of a perforating artery or of a microaneurysm located in the subependimary periventricular region.
  • (8) The homology thus revealed not only lends strong support to mechanisms of autoimmunity that invoke the theory of molecular mimicry of viral proteins, but also suggests a rationale for the skeletal muscle target of polymyositis.
  • (9) Although China has so far refused to enable dialogue between our leaders, I sincerely hope that it will come forward, rather than keep invoking the ghost of militarism of seven decades ago, which no longer exists."
  • (10) We have estimated the interaction energy between two charged residues, Asp-12 and Arg-16, in an alpha-helix on the surface of a barnase mutant by invoking a double-mutant cycle involving wild-type enzyme (Asp-12, Thr-16), the single mutants Thr----Arg-16 and Asp----Ala-12, and the double mutant Asp----Ala-12, Thr----Arg-16.
  • (11) Labour respects the result of the referendum and the will of the British people and will not frustrate the process for invoking article 50,” said Jeremy Corbyn in a statement that swiftly closed off any meaningful likelihood of enough MPs opposing the government’s imminent Brexit bill.
  • (12) And one assumes the entire European Union financial establishment would invoke its own visions of Irish ruination if necessary.
  • (13) The Nehru-Gandhi dynasty which controls the Congress party is, of course, the most resolute of all modern Indian fiefdoms; so it's ironic that Rahul should be invoking the "young voter" at a time when young people are fed up of corruption but might also be fed up of inherited power, one of the major facilitators of sleaze.
  • (14) He has, however, refused to testify, invoking his right to remain silent, while his lawyer has insisted his client is “insane” and therefore unfit for trial.
  • (15) Its annual conferences were a mishmash of Highlands conservative women in tartan skirts, angry socialists from the central belt and, unique to the party, an embarrassing array of men in kilts armed with broadswords and invoking the ghosts of William Wallace and Robert the Bruce.
  • (16) I have been noticing, with sadness, that politicians do not even bother invoking the American Dream anymore.
  • (17) Therefore, the reduction in mitochondrial oxygen consumption observed following transthoracic shocks in vivo may invoke other mechanisms (eg, intracellular calcium influx, high circulating noradrenaline, or free radical formation in the intact heart).
  • (18) When thrombin inhibition by AT III in the presence of heparin was studied, both high-Mr rec-TM and rabbit TM again invoked a similar reduction of inactivation rates, whereas in the absence of exogenous heparin, both high-Mr forms accelerated thrombin inhibition by AT III.
  • (19) If I invoked the Insurrection Act against her wishes, the world would see a male Republican president usurping the authority of a female Democratic governor by declaring an insurrection in a largely African American city.
  • (20) Previously proposed mechanisms for Down syndrome (trisomy 21) have generally invoked a progressive increase in meiotic nondisjunction to explain maternal-age dependence, but models of this sort have failed to predict the observed patterns of marker segregation.