(1) Because ctenophore and all other known metazoan mtDNA is circular, the shared occurrence of linear mtDNA in three of the four cnidarian classes suggests a basal position for the Anthozoa within the phylum.
(2) Cloning of three Antennapedia-related sequences from cnidarians provides evidence of ancient roles for homeobox genes early in metazoan evolution.
(3) Cnidocytes, the stinging cells of cnidarians, discharge nematocysts in response to physical contact accompanied by the stimulation of specific chemoreceptors.
(4) It is suggested that they may also be present as predominant components in nematocysts of other cnidarian species and thus might represent a class of compounds which is characteristic for a whole phylum of the animal kingdom.
(5) The principal sources of these agents are bacteria, higher fungi, cnidarians (coelenterates) and the venoms of snakes, insects and other arthropods.
(6) The presence of cholecystokinin (CCK), originally isolated from porcine small intestine, has been reported in a diversity of invertebrates ranging, from cnidarians to protochordates, but so far, not in echinoderms.
(7) Cnidarians arose from a protist ancestry different from the second group, the Bilateria.
(8) In these trees, cnidarians (Radiata) seemed to have evolved independently from the Bilateria, which is in contradiction with the general evolutionary view.
(9) It is present in all cnidarians and can be isolated without enzyme treatment.
(10) The ganglion has been compared to the nervous systems in cnidarians, some spiralians, and especially other hemichordates, echinoderms, and chordates; it is found to be of primitive rather than degenerate nature.
(11) We report the nucleotide sequence of eveC, a cnidarian eve-class homeobox; this is the first homeobox to be identified in any diploblastic organism, and is only the second eve-class in an invertebrate.
(12) We previously characterized annexin XII from the freshwater cnidarian Hydra vulgaris (Schlaepfer, D. D., D. A. Fisher, M. E. Brandt, H. R. Bode, J. Jones, and H. T. Haigler.
(13) This report describes the cloning and sequencing of both cDNA and genomic clones of GFP from the cnidarian, Aequorea victoria.
(14) Eggs from all of the animals considered are covered by complex vitelline envelopes except those of cnidarians.
(15) The application of molecular techniques to cnidarians can provide important insights into developmental processes and phylogenetic relationships both within the phylum Cnidaria and among the eumetazoa.
(16) A new system is described for the study of ECM-tissue interactions, using the ECM (called mesogloea) of various cnidarians and isolated striated muscle and endodermal tissue of jellyfish.
(17) gamma-Glutamyltransferase activity was studied in extracts of the cnidarian Hydra attenuata.
(18) The results show that: polyps under normal conditions have similar regeneration patterns, regardless of individual variability; and ATxII, a neurotoxin of cnidarian origin, produces a statistically significant increase in the Tentacle Regeneration Index.
(19) In the context of earlier observations in cnidarians, these cytological features suggest a sensory as well as a modulatory function for 5-HT in Renilla koellikeri.
(20) Specifically, sperm eggs from cnidarians, echinoderms, decapod crustaceans, ascidians, lampreys, bony fishes, and amphibians are discussed.
Coral
Definition:
(n.) The hard parts or skeleton of various Anthozoa, and of a few Hydrozoa. Similar structures are also formed by some Bryozoa.
(n.) The ovaries of a cooked lobster; -- so called from their color.
(n.) A piece of coral, usually fitted with small bells and other appurtenances, used by children as a plaything.
Example Sentences:
(1) One of the main users is coastal planning organizations and conservation organizations that are working on coral reefs.
(2) What are the major threats that face the world's coral reefs and what more needs to be done to protect them?
(3) But the study’s co-author Mark Hay, a professor from the Georgia Institute of Technology, said the discovery here was that greater carbon concentrations led to “some algae producing more potent chemicals that suppress or kill corals more rapidly”, in some cases in just weeks.
(4) Facebook Twitter Pinterest Table corals provide an excellent hiding place for smaller fish.
(5) But the Guardian can now reveal Australia will also need to report on how it is dealing with the current bleaching, where almost a quarter of the coral on the reef has been killed.
(6) Guillermo Diaz-Pulido, a Griffith University associate professor, said the research was “a major step forward in understanding how seaweeds can harm corals and has important implications for comprehending the consequences of increased carbon dioxide emissions on the health of the Great Barrier Reef”.
(7) A new allele of white-coral (wco2) was isolated from Canton S after mutagenesis.
(8) The Infinity towel comes in colours more vibrant than one might expect from an eco-friendly product, including coral, green, blue and violet.
(9) Warming water will make it hard for many of the reef’s corals to survive, while the acidification of the oceans will hinder the ability of remaining corals to form their skeletons.
(10) Tyr190 may react with the coral toxin by nucleophilic addition at one of the carbons associated with an epoxide, and may form part of the alkylammonium-binding subsite of the acetylcholine recognition site.
(11) A recent study suggests that coral disease is doubled when dredging occurs near reefs, although supporters of the dredging have repeatedly insisted it can be done safely and that the Abbot Point sediment will be dumped around 40km from the nearest reef.
(12) This process hinders the ability of corals to produce the skeletal building blocks of reefs.
(13) We’re currently due to fly back on Friday afternoon and were not too concerned about it just yet.” Mohammed Sami, general manager of the Coral Sea Sensatori, one of Sharm el-Sheikh’s largest resorts, said the move had created uncertainty for holidaymakers.
(14) Incidentally, it’s the algae that give the coral its colour; and so when it’s ejected, the coral takes on a ghostly white hue, giving rise to the term “bleaching”.
(15) So are you optimistic then about the future survival of the world's coral reefs in the long term?
(16) Facebook Twitter Pinterest Coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef worse than for decades The photos were taken from around Lizard Island by Lyle Vale from Coral Watch at the University of Queensland .
(17) So we looked at the economic contribution of tourists to that area and compared it with the cost of interventions to improve water quality and coral reef health in that area.
(18) Freed of the need to wave their tentacles around to hunt for food, the coral can devote more energy to secreting the mineral calcium carbonate, from which they form a stony exoskeleton.
(19) It was the fourth mass bleaching to hit the reef in recorded history – all since 1998 – and coral scientists are alarmed the increasing regularity of these events gives stressed coral precious little chance to recover.
(20) In areas near the loaders, enough has accumulated to have a toxic effect on the corals that grow there.