(n.) A thoroughly charred, and extinguished or still ignited, fragment from wood or other combustible substance; charcoal.
(n.) A black, or brownish black, solid, combustible substance, dug from beds or veins in the earth to be used for fuel, and consisting, like charcoal, mainly of carbon, but more compact, and often affording, when heated, a large amount of volatile matter.
(v. t.) To burn to charcoal; to char.
(v. t.) To mark or delineate with charcoal.
(v. t.) To supply with coal; as, to coal a steamer.
(v. i.) To take in coal; as, the steamer coaled at Southampton.
Example Sentences:
(1) The biggest single source of air pollution is coal-fired power stations and China, with its large population and heavy reliance on coal power, provides $2.3tn of the annual subsidies.
(2) Photograph: AP Reasons for wavering • State relies on coal-fired electricity • Poor prospects for wind power • Conservative Democrat • Represents conservative district in conservative state and was elected on narrow margins Campaign support from fossil fuel interests in 2008 • $93,743 G K Butterfield (North Carolina) GK Butterfield, North Carolina.
(3) Nick Robins, head of the Climate Change Centre at HSBC, said: "If you think about low-carbon energy only in terms of carbon, then things look tough [in terms of not using coal].
(4) The fact that it is still used is regrettable yet unavoidable at present, but the average quantity is three times less than the mercury released into the atmosphere by burning the extra coal need to power equivalent incandescent bulbs.
(5) According to the International Energy Agency, 147m Indians will remain without electricity into 2030 under a business as usual scenario emphasising coal.
(6) My grandfather was a coal miner and Nana was rather plump and bossy.
(7) Shenhua Watermark Coal, a subsidiary of the Chinese state-owned Shenhua Group, is waiting for final approval from Hunt for a $1.2bn open-cut coalmine on the edge of the plains, a little more than three kilometres from Hamparsum’s property.
(8) Instead the textbook simply reads: "Traditional industries, such as shipbuilding and coal mining, declined ... during her premiership, there were a number of important economic reforms within the UK".
(9) In the US, electricity accounts for 39% of emissions – and 75% of that is contributed by coal.
(10) A survey was conducted in southern Illinois with a population of 46 coal miners and ex-coal miners ranging in age from 42 to 86 years.
(11) Australia’s greatest contribution to global warming is through our coal, exported and burned in foreign power stations.
(12) By its calorific value the mycelial waste is equal to brown coal or peat.
(13) The DECC believes clusters of coal and gas plants with CCS would offer efficiency because they could share the costs of building and operating pipelines to storage facilities, probably in old North Sea oil and gas fields.
(14) Its few remaining mines involve people digging coal out of hillsides.
(15) That stake in eight Indonesian coal mines represents 1GT of future carbon dioxide emissions, more than Germany’s annual output.
(16) This brings lads like 12-year-old Matthew Mason down from the magnificent studio his father Mark, from a coal-mining town ravaged by pit closures, lovingly built him in the back garden at Gants Hill, north-east London.
(17) This in turn meant frantic investment in German coal and lignite – 10 new plants are said to be opening – and a surge in Polish coal output.
(18) "It would be ridiculous to encourage shale gas when in reality its greenhouse gas footprint could be as bad as or worse than coal.
(19) We conclude that there appears to be no benefit from exceeding a concentration of 5% crude coal tar in yellow soft paraffin in the treatment of patients with psoriasis and that the plateau in the dose-response curve for the action of crude coal tar in psoriasis begins at a point between 1 and 5%.
(20) Engie, the owner of Rugeley coal-fired station in Staffordshire, which made the most recent closure announcement earlier this month, blamed low wholesale power prices as much as carbon taxes for its decision .
Gas
Definition:
(n.) An aeriform fluid; -- a term used at first by chemists as synonymous with air, but since restricted to fluids supposed to be permanently elastic, as oxygen, hydrogen, etc., in distinction from vapors, as steam, which become liquid on a reduction of temperature. In present usage, since all of the supposed permanent gases have been liquified by cold and pressure, the term has resumed nearly its original signification, and is applied to any substance in the elastic or aeriform state.
(n.) A complex mixture of gases, of which the most important constituents are marsh gas, olefiant gas, and hydrogen, artificially produced by the destructive distillation of gas coal, or sometimes of peat, wood, oil, resin, etc. It gives a brilliant light when burned, and is the common gas used for illuminating purposes.
(n.) Laughing gas.
(n.) Any irrespirable aeriform fluid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, volumes, and temperatures of expired gas were measured from the tracheal and esophageal tubes.
(2) Steady-state values of cell, glucose, and cellulase concentration oxygen tension, and outlet gas oxygen partial pressure were recorded.
(3) Blood samples were analysed by mass spectroscopy and gas chromatography.
(4) Optimum rates of acetylene reduction in short-term assays occurred at 20% O2 (0.2 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa] in the gas phase.
(5) Glycosyl ceramide concentration was determined by gas-liquid chromatography of the trimethylsilyl ethers of the methyl glycosides.
(6) Early recognition is facilitated by monitoring of arterial blood gas levels for hypoxemia.
(7) "There is … a risk that the political, trade, and gas frictions with Russia could lead to strong deterioration in economic relations between the two countries, with a significant drop in Ukraine's exports to and imports from Russia.
(8) He said Germany was Russia’s most important economic partner, and pointed out that 35% of German gas originated in Russia.
(9) Ether extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and various chlorinated and non-chlorinated compounds were detected, e.g.
(10) Blood gas variables produced from a computed in vivo oxygen dissociation curve, PaeO2, P95 and C(a-x)O2, were introduced in the University Hospital of Wales in 1986.
(11) It is a specific clinical picture with extensive soft tissue gas and swelling of the forearm.
(12) A neodymium YAG (Nd:YAG) laser was evaluated in a dog ulcer model used in the same manner as is recommended for bleeding patients (power 55 W, divergence angle 4 degrees, with CO2 gas-jet assistance).
(13) The flow of a specified concentration of test gas exits from the mixing board, enters a distributing tube, and is then distributed equally to 12 chamber tubes housing one mouse each.
(14) The corresponding hydrides, mono-n-butyltin hydride, di-n-butyltin hydride, tri-n-butyltin hydride, monophenyltin hydride, diphenyltin hydride triphenyltin hydride, are detected by electron-capture gas chromatography after clean-up by silica gel column chromatography.
(15) Airway closure (CV), functional residual capacity (FRC) and the distribution of inspired gas (nitrogen washout delay percentage, NWOD %) and arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) was measured by standard electrodes in eight extremely obese patients before and after weight loss (mean weights 142 and 94 kg, respectively) following intestinal shunt operation.
(16) They were like some great show, the gas squeezing up from the depths of the oil well to be consumed in flame against the intense black horizon, like some great dragon.
(17) The existence of 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol in the androstanediol fraction could be demonstrated by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
(18) A pilot study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of gas in the puerperal endometrial cavity and to determine whether this finding has any relationship to the mode of delivery or to the development of puerperal endometritis.
(19) Inner Ear Decompression Sickness (IEDCS)--manifested by tinnitus, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, and hearing loss--is usually associated with deep air or mixed gas dives, and accompanied by other CNS symptoms of decompression sickness (DCS).
(20) Subjects underwent measurement of lung volumes, arterial blood gas analysis and an incremental bicycle exercise test.