(n.) The end of the vertebral column beyond the sacrum in man and tailless monkeys. It is composed of several vertebrae more or less consolidated.
Example Sentences:
(1) This sling was constructed bu freeing the insertion of the pubococcygeus and the ileococcygeus muscles from the coccyx.
(2) An unsuccessful outcome was related to the extent of the dissection either necessitated by advanced tumour or resulting from excision of the coccyx.
(3) The specific and complementary investigations revealed the absence of the left half of sacrum, coccyx, together with the left iliac bone, ischium and pubis.
(4) The glomus coccygeum is located at the tip of the coccyx; it measures several millimeters in diameter.
(5) One dermal sinus was found to terminate at the dura, three sinuses terminated at the coccyx, and a skin tag was associated with a fibrous band that extended to the coccyx.
(6) Histological examination revealed a marked increase in the cortical thickness of the femur as well as in the cancellous bone volume of the coccyx.
(7) In coccygodynia, the pain is postural and reproduced by pressure and mobilisation of the coccyx.
(8) A radiological study of the coccyx and sacral vertebra was carried out in 1,000 healthy individuals, and in 500 individuals suffering from coccygeal pain.
(9) The anal anomaly was associated with partial agenesis of the sacrum, absence of coccyx, sacral anterior meningomyelocele and hypoplasia of the twelve right rib.
(10) Two siblings demonstrated an association of congenital ocular fibrosis (COF) syndrome with musculoskeletal abnormalities consisting of generalized muscle wasting, scoliosis, pigeon-chest deformity, bilateral fusion of the ribs in triplets, prominent coccyx, and sacral dimple.
(11) In view of the relief of this patient's pain following the surgical excision of coccyx and tumor, a causal role is suggested.
(12) The internal and external anal sphincters could be easily delineated, as could the intervening longitudinal musculature, puborectalis muscle, anococcygeal raphe, anorectal lumen, vagina, uterus, bladder, urethra, coccyx, and pubis.
(13) In a series of 51 patients the pelvic floor between the anus and the coccyx was opened in a transverse direction giving access to the pelvirectal space and the sphincter muscles.
(14) One usually finds dysplasia and absent (type I) or incomplete (type II) fixation of the sphincter complex to the coccyx.
(15) Posterior butterfly anoplasty combined with fixation of the sphincter complex to the coccyx usually leads to immediate improvement of defecation disorders.
(16) This patient developed a prominent and painful coccyx and ultimately required a coccygectomy.
(17) All had the tumour removed together with the coccyx as soon as the diagnosis was made.
(18) He was operated through a posterior approach, with complete resection of the tumor, including almost the whole sacrum and the coccyx.
(19) The levator plate is a firm, muscular plate between the coccyx and anus formed by fusion of the levator ani muscles on each side.
(20) In all patients, the tumors were excised early, with resection of the coccyx to reduce the possibility of recurrence and malignant change.
Vertebra
Definition:
(n.) One of the serial segments of the spinal column.
(n.) One of the central ossicles in each joint of the arms of an ophiuran.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is concluded that during exposure to simulated microgravity early signs of osteoporosis occur in the tibial spongiosa and that changes in the spongy matter of tubular bones and vertebrae are similar and systemic.
(2) It is suggested that the Japanese may have lower trabecular bone mineral density than Caucasians but may also have a lower threshold for fracture of the vertebrae.
(3) The various changes were accompanied by a marked reduction in the overall wet weight of the vertebrae.
(4) The BMD of the 2nd to 4th lumbar vertebrae was measured and the mean density presented as g cm-2.
(5) All the vertebrae were agenetic below the thoracic segments in the other rat fetus.
(6) Neusticosaurus species are easiest separated by their number of presacral vertebrae.
(7) This was followed by a gradual density increase such that by 1 year postoperatively, in 60% of the subjects, the density of these vertebrae was higher than the preoperative level.
(8) The characteristic injuries were compression wedge-shaped fractures, multiple fractures of the vertebrae, comminuted and traumatic spondylolistheses and dislocation fractures.
(9) They make it possible to dissect, by spending minimal time and making less efforts, the vertebral canal both within several vertebrae and its nearly full length, providing a wide view of the spinal cord, rootlets, and intervertebral ganglia.
(10) The Authors describe the moniliform structure of dorsal aorta of the Cyprinus carpio L., which has successive swellings and constrictions, strictly corresponding to each vertebra.
(11) He also had multiple follicular and papillary thyroid carcinomas with a metastatic lesion in the lumbar vertebrae.
(12) In older children, there were a low vertebral signal and disappearance of the disc-vertebra borders on T1-weighted images and a high vertebral signal with a decreased and flattened disc signal on T2-weighted images.
(13) Hyperthermia was applied in the region of the vertebral column between the cervical vertebrae 5 and thoracic 2, using a ring-shaped applicator operating at a microwave frequency of 434 MHz.
(14) The authors report on their experience with 23 patients with destructive disease of the vertebrae.
(15) In 20 patients, vertebral deformities were limited to 1 or 2 mid-thoracic vertebrae, and the mean CaBI values for these 20 patients was 0.81 (0.15), equal to that for patients without any vertebral deformity.
(16) Both conditions are inherited and characterised by malformed thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
(17) The injured vertebra is grafted through the pedicle, giving security against late collapse after device removal.
(18) The authors describe two types of pelvic obliquity--total pelvic obliquity in which the sacrum is the lowest vertebra of the lumbar curve and subtotal pelvic obliquity in which there is some compensation between L5 and the sacrum.
(19) Although anterior and posterior traumatic displacement of cervical vertebrae are commonly noted, and the devastating neurological deficits associated with these injuries have been amply defined, lateral displacement with fractures has been rarely recognized, and the clinical significance of this injury has been overlooked.
(20) The T-1 nerve root obstructs posterolateral access to the T-1 vertebra, necessitating an inferolateral approach underneath the T-1 nerve root axilla.